ASTM D4669-24
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Polyurethane Raw Materials: Determination of Specific Gravity of Polyols
Standard Test Method for Polyurethane Raw Materials: Determination of Specific Gravity of Polyols
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 These test methods are suitable for quality control, specification testing, and research. The specific gravity is necessary when converting kinematic viscosity to absolute viscosity.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods measure the specific gravity of polyols. Test Method A measures the specific gravity of polyols using a pycnometer and Test Method B lists a reference for measuring the specific gravity of liquids using a density meter that is applicable to polyols (see Note 1).
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D4669 − 24
Standard Test Method for
Polyurethane Raw Materials: Determination of Specific
1
Gravity of Polyols
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4669; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 specific gravity—the ratio of the weight in air of a
1.1 These test methods measure the specific gravity of
given volume of the material at a stated temperature to the
polyols. Test Method A measures the specific gravity of polyols
weight in air of an equal volume of water at a stated
using a pycnometer and Test Method B lists a reference for
temperature. It shall be expressed as specific gravity, 25/25°C,
measuring the specific gravity of liquids using a density meter
indicating that the sample and reference water were both
that is applicable to polyols (see Note 1).
measured at 25°C.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4. Significance and Use
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
4.1 These test methods are suitable for quality control,
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
specification testing, and research. The specific gravity is
necessary when converting kinematic viscosity to absolute
NOTE 1—There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.
viscosity.
1.3 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
TEST METHOD A—SPECIFIC GRAVITY USING A
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
PYCNOMETER
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
5. Apparatus
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
5.1 Pycnometer, of 25 or 50-mL capacity, conical shape with
2. Referenced Documents
a capillary side arm overflow tube complete with a standard-
2
2.1 ASTM Standards: 5
taper ⁄12 ground-glass joint to receive a ground-glass vented
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
cap. A thermometer with a scale graduated from 12 to 38°C in
D4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API
0.2-degree divisions joins the neck of the flask with a standard-
10
Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
taper ⁄18 ground-glass joint. The thermometer contained in the
E2251 Specification for Liquid-in-Glass ASTM Thermom-
pycnometer shall be calibrated in accordance with Specifica-
eters with Low-Hazard Precision Liquids
tion E2251.
E202 Test Methods for Analysis of Ethylene Glycols and
5.2 Water Bath, capable of maintaining a temperature of
Propylene Glycols
25.0 6 0.05°C during the test.
3. Terminology
5.3 Thermometer, an ASTM Low Softening Point Ther-
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in these test
mometer having a range from -2 to +80°C and conforming to
methods see Terminology D883.
the requirements for Thermometer S15C as prescribed in
Specification E2251.
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on
Plastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.22 on Cellular 5.4 Analytical Balance, sensitive to 0.1 mg.
Materials - Plastics and Elastomers. It was recommended to ASTM by the Center for
the Polyurethane Industry of the American Chemistry Council.
6. Reagents
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2024. Published February 2024. Originally
approved in 1987. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as D4669 – 18. DOI:
6.1 Chromic Acid Cleaning Solution—Prepare a saturated
10.1520/D4669-24.
2 solution of chromic acid (CrO ) in concentrated sulfuric acid
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or 3
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
(H SO , sp gr 1.84).
2 4
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. 6.2 Acetone, reagent grade
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4669 − 24
7. Sampling where:
S = sample used, g, and
7.1 High molecular weight polyester and polyether polyols
W = water in the pycnometer, g.
contain molecules covering an appreciable range of molecular
weights. These have a
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D4669 − 18 D4669 − 24
Standard Test Method for
Polyurethane Raw Materials: Determination of Specific
1
Gravity of Polyols
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4669; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 These test methods measure the specific gravity of polyols. Test Method A measures the specific gravity of polyols using a
pycnometer and Test Method B lists a reference for measuring the specific gravity of liquids using a density meter that is applicable
to polyols (see Note 1).
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
NOTE 1—There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
D4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
E2251 Specification for Liquid-in-Glass ASTM Thermometers with Low-Hazard Precision Liquids
E202 Test Methods for Analysis of Ethylene Glycols and Propylene Glycols
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in these test methods see Terminology D883.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 specific gravity—the ratio of the weight in air of a given volume of the material at a stated temperature to the weight in air
of an equal volume of water at a stated temperature. It shall be expressed as specific gravity, 25/25°C, indicating that the sample
and reference water were both measured at 25°C.
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.22 on Cellular Materials - Plastics
and Elastomers. It was recommended to ASTM by the Center for the Polyurethane Industry of the American Chemistry Council.
Current edition approved April 1, 2018Feb. 1, 2024. Published April 2018February 2024. Originally approved in 1987. Last previous edition approved in 20132018 as
ɛ1
D4669 – 07D4669 – 18.(2013) . DOI: 10.1520/D4669-18.10.1520/D4669-24.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4669 − 24
4. Significance and Use
4.1 These test methods are suitable for quality control, specification testing, and research. The specific gravity is necessary when
converting kinematic viscosity to absolute viscosity.
TEST METHOD A—SPECIFIC GRAVITY USING A PYCNOMETER
5. Apparatus
5.1 Pycnometer, of 25 or 50-mL capacity, conical shape with a capillary side arm overflow tube complete with a standard-taper
5
⁄12 ground-glass joint to receive a ground-glass vented cap. A thermometer with a scale graduated from 12 to 38°C in 0.2-degree
10
divisions joins the neck of the flask with a standard-taper ⁄18 ground-glass joint. The thermometer contained in the pycnometer
shall be calibrated in accordance with Specification E2251.
5.2 Water Bath, capable of maintaining a temperature of 25.0 6 0.05°C during the test.
5.3 Thermometer, an ASTM Low Softening Point Thermometer having a range from -2 to +80°C and conforming to the
requirements for Thermometer S15C as prescribed in Specification E2251.
5.4 Analytical Balance, sensitive to 0.1 mg.
6. Reagents
6.1 Chromic Acid Cleaning Solution—Prepare a saturated solution of chromic acid (CrO ) in concentrated sulfuric acid (H SO ,
3 2 4
sp gr 1.84).
6.2 Acetone, reagent grade
7. Sampling
7.1 High molecular weig
...
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