ASTM D1929-19

Standard Test Method for Determining Ignition Temperature of Plastics

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Tests made under conditions herein prescribed can be of considerable value in comparing the relative ignition characteristics of different materials. Values obtained represent the lowest ambient air temperature that will cause ignition of the material under the conditions of this test. Test values are expected to rank materials according to ignition susceptibility under actual use conditions.  
4.2 This test is not intended to be the sole criterion for fire hazard. In addition to ignition temperatures, fire hazards include other factors such as burning rate or flame spread, intensity of burning, fuel contribution, products of combustion, and others.
SCOPE
1.1 This fire test response test method2 covers a laboratory determination of the flash ignition temperature and spontaneous ignition temperature of plastics using a hot-air furnace.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 Caution—During the course of combustion, gases or vapors, or both, are evolved that have the potential to be hazardous to personnel.  
1.4 This standard is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire-hazard or fire-risk assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.  
1.5 Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall be employed in conducting these tests.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in 1.3 and 1.4.
Note 1: This test method and ISO 871-1996 are similar in all technical details.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Nov-2019
• ICS: 13.220.40 - Ignitability and burning behaviour of materials and products
• ICS: 83.080.01 - Plastics in general
• Technical Committee: D20 - Plastics
• Drafting Committee: D20.30 - Thermal Properties

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D1929-16 - Standard Test Method for Determining Ignition Temperature of Plastics
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2019
• Referred By: ASTM D5319-22 - Standard Specification for Glass-Fiber Reinforced Polyester Wall and Ceiling Panels
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2019
• Referred By: ASTM E3020-22 - Standard Practice for Ignition Sources
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2019
• Referred By: ASTM D7032-21 - Standard Specification for Establishing Performance Ratings for Wood-Plastic Composite and Plastic Lumber Deck Boards, Stair Treads, Guards, and Handrails
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2019
• Referred By: ASTM D635-22 - Standard Test Method for Rate of Burning and/or Extent and Time of Burning of Plastics in a Horizontal Position
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2019
• Referred By: ASTM E2886/E2886M-20 - Standard Test Method for Evaluating the Ability of Exterior Vents to Resist the Entry of Embers and Direct Flame Impingement
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2019
• Referred By: ASTM E2634-18(2022) - Standard Specification for Flat Wall Insulating Concrete Form (ICF) Systems
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2019
• Referred By: ASTM F1870-22 - Standard Guide for Selection of Fire Test Methods for the Assessment of Upholstered Furnishings in Detention and Correctional Facilities
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2019
• Referred By: ASTM F3214-23 - Standard Practice for Characterization of Fire Properties of Seating, Upholstery, and Padding Materials for Vehicles Associated with Amusement Rides and Devices
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2019
• Referred By: ASTM D7031-11(2019) - Standard Guide for Evaluating Mechanical and Physical Properties of Wood-Plastic Composite Products
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2019
• Referred By: ASTM D3841-21 - Standard Specification for Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Polyester Plastic Panels
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2019
• Referred By: ASTM D4000-23 - Standard Classification System for Specifying Plastic Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2019
• Referred By: ASTM E136-22 - Standard Test Method for Assessing Combustibility of Materials Using a Vertical Tube Furnace at 750 °C
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2019

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D1929 − 19
Standard Test Method for
1
Determining Ignition Temperature of Plastics
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1929; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
2
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
1.1 This fire test response test method covers a laboratory
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
determination of the flash ignition temperature and spontane-
ous ignition temperature of plastics using a hot-air furnace.
2. Referenced Documents
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as 3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
standard.
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
1.3 Caution—During the course of combustion, gases or
E176 Terminology of Fire Standards
vapors, or both, are evolved that have the potential to be E456 Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
hazardous to personnel.
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
1.4 This standard is used to measure and describe the
E2653 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and
Determine Precision Estimates for a Fire Test Method
flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself
with Fewer Than Six Participating Laboratories
incorporate all factors required for fire-hazard or fire-risk
E2935 Practice for Conducting Equivalence Testing in
assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under
Laboratory Applications
actual fire conditions.
4,5
2.2 International Standards:
1.5 Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safe-
ISO871-1996 Plastics—DeterminationofIgnitionTempera-
guards for personnel and property shall be employed in
ture Using a Hot-Air Furnace
conducting these tests.
ISO 5725:1994 Accuracy (trueness and precision) of Mea-
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
surement Methods and Results
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
ISO 13943:2017 Fire Safety—Vocabulary
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
IEC 584-2 Thermocouples—Part 2: Tolerances
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
3. Terminology
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Specific precautionary statements are given in 1.3 and 1.4.
3.1 Terms used in this standard are defined in accordance
with Terminology D883, unless otherwise specified. For terms
NOTE1—ThistestmethodandISO871-1996aresimilarinalltechnical
details. relating to precision and bias and associated issues, the terms
used in this standard are defined in accordance with Terminol-
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
ogy E456. For terms relating to fire, the terms in this standard
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
are defined in accordance with Terminology E176.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 flash ignition temperature (FIT)—the minimum tem-
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D20 on Plastics
perature at which, under specified test conditions, sufficient
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.30 on Thermal Proper-
ties.30.03).
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2019. Published January 2020. Originally
3
approved in 1962. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as D1929 – 16. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
DOI:10.1520/D1929-19. contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
In 1996, this test method was totally revised to be technically equal to ISO Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
871-1996, and a specific air velocity is specified, which eliminates the need for the ASTM website.
4
approximations. Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
2
The following reference may be of interest in connection with this test method: 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
5
Stetchkin, N. P., “A Method and Apparatus for Determining the Ignition Charac- Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), ISO
teristics of Plastics,” Journal of Research, National Institute of Standards and Central Secretariat, BIBC II, Chemin de Blandonnet 8, CP 401, 1214 Vernier,
Technology, Vol 43, No. 6, December 1949 (RP 2052), p. 591. Ge
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D1929 − 16 D1929 − 19
Standard Test Method for
1
Determining Ignition Temperature of Plastics
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1929; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
2
1.1 This fire test response test method covers a laboratory determination of the flash ignition temperature and spontaneous
ignition temperature of plastics using a hot-air furnace.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 Caution—During the course of combustion, gases or vapors, or both, are evolved that have the potential to be hazardous
to personnel.
1.4 This standard is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under
controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire-hazard or fire-risk assessment of the materials,
products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.
1.5 Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall be employed in conducting these
tests.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in 1.3 and 1.4.
NOTE 1—This test method and ISO 871-1996 are identicalsimilar in all technical details.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
E176 Terminology of Fire Standards
E456 Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
E2653 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine Precision Estimates for a Fire Test Method with Fewer
Than Six Participating Laboratories
E2935 Practice for Conducting Equivalence Testing in Laboratory Applications
4,5
2.2 International Standards:
ISO 871-1996 Plastics—Determination of Ignition Temperature Using a Hot-Air Furnace
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.30 on Thermal Properties.30.03).
Current edition approved April 1, 2016Dec. 1, 2019. Published April 2016January 2020. Originally approved in 1962. Last previous edition approved in 20142016 as
D1929 – 14.D1929 – 16. DOI:10.1520/D1929-16.DOI:10.1520/D1929-19.
In 1996, this test method was totally revised to be technically equal to ISO 871-1996, and a specific air velocity is specified, which eliminates the need for approximations.
2
The following reference may be of interest in connection with this test method: Stetchkin, N. P., “A Method and Apparatus for Determining the Ignition Characteristics
of Plastics,” Journal of Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Vol 43, No. 6, December 1949 (RP 2052), p. 591.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
4
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
5
Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), ISO Central Secretariat, BIBC II, Chemin de Blandonnet 8, CP 401, 1214 Vernier, Geneva,
Switzerland, http://www.iso.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D1929 − 19
ISO 57255725:1994 Precision of Test Methods
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