ASTM B637-98

Standard Specification for Precipitation-Hardening Nickel Alloy Bars, Forgings, and Forging Stock for High-Temperature Service

SCOPE
1.1 This specification  covers hot- and cold-worked precipitation-hardenable nickel alloy rod, bar, forgings, and forging stock for high-temperature service (Table 1).  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Apr-1998
• ICS: 77.150.40 - Nickel and chromium products
• Technical Committee: B02 - Nonferrous Metals and Alloys
• Drafting Committee: B02.07 - Refined Nickel and Cobalt and Their Alloys

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM B637-03 - Standard Specification for Precipitation-Hardening Nickel Alloy Bars, Forgings, and Forging Stock for High-Temperature Service
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-2003
• Referred By: ASTM B670-07(2018) - Standard Specification for Precipitation-Hardening Nickel Alloy (UNS N07718) Plate, Sheet, and Strip for High-Temperature Service
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-1998
• Referred By: ASTM F38-18 - Standard Test Methods for Creep Relaxation of a Gasket Material
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-1998
• Referred By: ASTM F1508-96(2021) - Standard Specification for Angle Style, Pressure Relief Valves for Steam, Gas, and Liquid Services
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-1998
• Referred By: ASTM F1511-18(2023) - Standard Specification for Mechanical Seals for Shipboard Pump Applications
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-1998
• Referred By: ASTM F2281-04(2017) - Standard Specification for Stainless Steel and Nickel Alloy Bolts, Hex Cap Screws, and Studs, for Heat Resistance and High Temperature Applications
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-1998
• Referred By: ASTM F1276-23 - Standard Test Method for Creep Relaxation of Laminated Composite Gasket Materials
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-1998
• Referred By: ASTM A1014/A1014M-16(2021) - Standard Specification for Precipitation-Hardening Bolting (UNS N07718) for High Temperature Service
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-1998
• Referred By: ASTM F1370-92(2019)e1 - Standard Specification for Pressure-Reducing Valves for Water Systems, Shipboard
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-1998

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: B 637 – 98
Standard Specification for
Precipitation-Hardening Nickel Alloy Bars, Forgings, and
Forging Stock for High-Temperature Service
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 637; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope 4.1.2 Condition (temper) (Table 2).
4.1.3 Shape—Rod or bar (round, rectangle, square, hexa-
1.1 This specification covers hot- and cold-worked
gon, octagon).
precipitation-hardenable nickel alloy rod, bar, forgings, and
4.1.3.1 Forging (sketch or drawing).
forging stock for high-temperature service (Table 1).
4.1.4 Dimensions, including length.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
4.1.5 Quantity (mass or number of pieces).
as the standard. The values given in brackets are for informa-
4.1.6 Forging Stock—Specify if material is stock for reforg-
tion only.
ing.
2. Referenced Documents 4.1.7 Finish.
4.1.8 Certification—State if certification is required (Sec-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
tion 15).
E 8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
4.1.9 Samples for Product (Check) Analysis—Whether
E 29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
samples for product (check) analysis shall be furnished (9.2).
Determine Conformance with Specifications
4.1.10 Purchaser Inspection—If the purchaser wishes to
E 139 Test Methods for Conducting Creep, Creep-Rupture,
witness tests or inspection of material at the place of manu-
and Stress-Rupture Tests of Metallic Materials
facture, the purchase order must so state indicating which tests
E 1473 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Nickel,
or inspections are to be witnessed (Section 13).
Cobalt, and High-Temperature Alloys
5. Chemical Composition
3. Terminology
5.1 The material shall conform to the requirements as to
3.1 Definitions:
chemical composition prescribed in Table 1.
3.1.1 bar—material of rectangular (flats), hexagonal, oc-
5.2 If a product (check) analysis is performed by the
tagonal, or square solid section in straight lengths.
purchaser, the material shall conform to the product (check)
3.1.2 rod—material of round solid section furnished in
analysis variations prescribed in Table 1.
straight lengths.
6. Mechanical Properties
4. Ordering Information
6.1 Unless otherwise specified, the material shall be sup-
4.1 It is the responsibility of the purchaser to specify all
plied in the solution treated condition, suitable for subsequent
requirements that are necessary for the safe and satisfactory
age hardening.
performance of material ordered under this specification.
6.2 The solution treated material shall be capable of meeting
Examples of such requirements include, but are not limited to,
the mechanical property requirements of Table 3, and the stress
the following:
rupture requirements of Table 4, following the precipitation
4.1.1 Alloy (Table 1).
hardening treatment described in Table 2.
6.3 When the material is to be supplied in the solution
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B-2 on
treated plus aged condition, the requirements of Table 3 and
Nonferrous Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
Table 4 shall apply, with the precipitation hardening treatment
B02.07 on Refined Nickel and Cobalt and Their Alloys.
Current edition approved Apr. 10, 1998. Published September 1998. Originally
of Table 2, or as agreed upon between the purchaser and the
published as A 637 – 70. Redesignated B 637 in 1980. Last previous edition
manufacturer as part of the purchase contract.
A 637 – 93a.
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications, see related Specifi-
7. Dimensions and Permissible Variations
cation SB-637 in Section II of that Code.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01.
7.1 Diameter, Thickness, or Width—The permissible varia-
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
tions from the specified dimensions of cold-worked rod and bar
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.06.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
B 637
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
Product (Check) Analysis Variations, Product (Check) Analysis Variations, under
Composition Composition
Element under min or over max, of the min or over max, of the
Limits, % Limits, %
Specified Limit of Element Specified Limit of Element
UNS N07252 (Formerly Grade 689) UNS N07001 (Formerly Grade 685)
Carbon 0.10–0.20 0.01 0.03–0.10 0.01
Manganese 0.50 max 0.03 1.00 max 0.03
Silicon 0.50 max 0.03 0.75 max 0.05
Phosphorus 0.015 max 0.005 0.030 max 0.005
Sulfur 0.015 max 0.003 0.030 max 0.005
Chromium 18.00–20.00 0.25 18.00–21.00 0.25
Cobalt 9.00–11.00 0.10 under min, 0.15 over max 12.00–15.00 0.15
Molybdenum 9.00–10.50 0.15 3.50–5.00 0.10
Titanium 2.25–2.75 0.07 2.75–3.25 0.07
Aluminum 0.75–1.25 0.10 1.20–1.60 0.10
Zirconium . . 0.02–0.12 0.01 under min, 0.02 over max
Boron 0.003–0.01 0.002 0.003–0.01 0.002
Iron 5.00 max 0.07 2.00 max 0.05
Copper . . 0.50 max 0.03
A A
Nickel remainder . remainder .
UNS N07500 (Formerly Grade 684) UNS N07750 (Formerly Grade 688)
Carbon 0.15 max 0.01 0.08 max 0.01
Manganese 0.75 max 0.03 1.00 max 0.03
Silicon 0.75 max 0.05 0.50 max 0.03
Phosphorus 0.015 max 0.005 . .
Sulfur 0.015 max 0.003 0.01 max 0.003
Chromium 15.00–20.00 0.15 under min, 0.25 over max 14.00–17.00 0.15 under min, 0.25 over max
B
Cobalt 13.00–20.00 0.15 under min, 0.20 over max 1.00 max 0.03
Molybdenum 3.00–5.00 0.10 . .
Columbium . . 0.70–1.20 0.05
(Nb) + tantalum
Titanium 2.50–3.25 0.07 2.25–2.75 0.07
Aluminum 2.50–3.25 0.20 0.40–1.00 0.05 under min, 0.10 over max
Boron 0.003–0.01 0.002 . .
Iron 4.00 max 0.07 5.00–9.00 0.10
Copper 0.15 max 0.02 0.50 max 0.03
A
Nickel remainder . 70.00 min 0.45
UNS N07718 (Formerly Grade 718) UNS N07080 (Formerly Grade 80A)
Carbon 0.08 max 0.01 0.10 max 0.01
Manganese 0.35 max 0.03 1.00 max 0.03
Silicon 0.35 max 0.03 1.00 max 0.05
Phosphorus 0.015 max 0.005 . .
Sulphur 0.015 max 0.003 0.015 max 0.003
Chromium 17.0–21.0 0.25 18.00–21.00 0.25
B
Cobalt 1.0 max 0.03 . .
Molybdenum 2.80–3.30 0.05 under min, 0.10 over max . .
Columbium 4.75–5.50 0.15 under min, 0.20 over max . .
(Nb) + tantalum
Titanium 0.65–1.15 0.04 under min, 0.05 over max 1.80–2.70 0.05 under min, 0.07 over max
Aluminum 0.20–0.80 0.05 under min, 0.10 over max 0.50–1.80 0.05 under min, 0.10 over max
Boron 0.006 max 0.002 . .
A
Iron remainder . 3.00 max 0.07
Copper 0.30 max 0.03 . .
A
Nickel 50.0–55.0 0.35 remainder .
UNS N07752
Carbon 0.020–0.060 0.01
Manganese 1.00 max 0.03
Silicon 0.50 max 0.03
Phosphorus 0.008 max 0.003
Sulfur 0.003 max 0.001
Chromium 14.50–17.00 0.15 under min, 0.25 over max
Cobalt 0.050 max 0.03
Columbium + 0.70–1.20 0.05
tantalum
Titanium 2.25–2.75 0.07
Aluminum 0.40–1.00 0.05 under min, 0.10 over max
Boron 0.007 max 0.002
Iron 5.00–9.00 0.10
Copper 0.50 max 0.03
Zirconium 0.050 max 0.01
Vanadium 0.10 max 0.01
Nickel 70.0 min 0.45
A
The element shall be determined arithmetically by difference.
B
If determined.
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
B 637
A
TABLE 2 Heat Treatment
Recommended Recommended Solution Recommended Stabilizing Precipitation Hardening
Alloy
Annealing Treatment Treatment Treatment Treatment
N07252 . 1950 6 25°F [1066 6 . 1400 6 25°F [760 6 14°C],
14°C], hold 4 h, air cool hold 15 h, air cool or
furnace cool
N07001 . 1825 to 1900°F [996 to 1550 6 25°F [843 6 14°C], 1400 6 25°F [760 6 14°C],
1038°C], hold 4 h, oil hold 4 h, air cool hold 16 h, air cool or
or water quench furnace cool
N07500 2150 6 25°F [1177 6 1975 6 25°F [1080 6 1550 6 25°F [843 6 14°C], 1400 6 25°F [760 6 14°C],
14°C], hold 2 h, air 14°C], hold 4 h, air cool hold 24 h, air cool hold 16 h, air cool or
cool (bars only) furnace cool
N07750 Type 1 . 2100 6 25°F [1149 6 1550 6 25°F [843 6 14°C], 1300 6 25°F [704 6 14°C],
(Service above 14°C], hold 2 to 4 h, air hold 24 h, air cool hold 20 h, air cool or
1100°F) [593°C] cool furnace cool
N07750 Type 2 . 1800 6 25°F [982 6 . 1350 6 25°F [732 6 14°C],
(Service up to 14°C], hold ⁄2 h min, hold 8 h, furnace cool to
1100°F) [593°C] cool at rate equivalent 1150 6 25°F [6216 14°C],
to air cool or faster hold until total precipitation
heat treatment has
reached 18 h, air cool
N07750 Type 3 . 1975 – 2050°F [1079 – . 1300 6 25°F [704 6 14°C],
1121°C], hold 1 to 2 h, hold 20 h,+4−0h,
air cool air cool
N07752 Type 1 . 1975 6 25°F [1080 6 . 1320 6 25°F [715 6 14°C],
14°C], hold 1 to 2 h, hold 20 h, + 2,−0h,
cool by water or oil air cool
quenching
N07752 Type 2 . 1975 6 25°F [1080 6 . 1400 6 25°F [760 6 14°C],
14°C], hold 1 to 2 h, hold 100 h, + 4,−0h,
cool by water or oil air cool
quenching
N07718 . 1700 to 1850°F [924 to . 1325 6 25°F [718 6 14°C],
1010°C], hold ⁄2 h min, hold at temperature for 8
cool at rate equivalent h, furnace cool to 1150
to air cool or faster 6 25°F [621 6 14°C],
hold until total precipitation
heat treatment time has
reached 18 h, air cool
N07080 . 1950 6 25°F [1066 6 1560 6 25°F [849 6 14°C], 1290 6 25°F [699 6 14°C],
14°C], hold 8 h, hold 24 h, air cool hold 16 h, air cool
air cool
A
The purchaser shall designate on the purchase order or inquiry any partial stage of heat treatment required on material to be shipped.
shall be as prescribed in Table 5, and of hot-worked rod and bar 8. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
as prescribed in Table 6.
8.1 The material shall be uniform in quality and condition,
7.1.1 Out of Round—Cold-worked and hot-worked rod, all
smooth, commercially straight or flat, and free of injurious
sizes, in straight lengths, shall not be out-of-round by more
imperfections.
than one half the total permissible variations in diameter shown
1 9. Sampling
in Table 5 and Table 6, except for hot-worked rod ⁄2 in. [12.7
mm] and under, which may be out-of-round by the total 9.1 Lot—Definition:
permissible variations in diameter shown in Table 6. 9.1.1 A lot for chemical analysis shall consist of one heat.
7.1.2 Corners—Cold-worked bar shall have practically ex- 9.1.2 Mechanical Properties—A lot for tension, hardness,
act angles and sharp corners. and stress-rupture testing shall consist of all material from the
7.1.3 Cut Lengths—A specified length to which all rod and same heat, nominal diameter or thickness, or forging size, and
bar will be cut with a permissible variation of + ⁄8in. [3.18 condition (temper).
mm], − 0 for sizes 8 in. [203 mm] and less in diameter or the 9.1.2.1 For forging stock, a lot shall consist of one heat.
distance between parallel surfaces. For larger sizes, the per- 9.1.2.2 Where material cannot be identified by heat, a lot
missible variation shall be + ⁄4in. [6.35 mm], − 0. shall consist of not more than 500 lb [227 kg] of material in the
7.1.4 Straightness for Cold-Worked and Hot-Worked Rod same size and condition (temper).
and Bar—The maximum curvature (depth of chord) shall not 9.2 Test Material Selection:
exceed 0.050 in. multiplied by the length in feet [0.04 mm 9.2.1 Chemical Analysis—Representative samples shall be
multiplied by the length in centimetres]. Material under ⁄2 in. taken during pouring or subsequent processing.
[12.7 mm] in diameter or the distance between parallel surfaces 9.2.1.1 Product (Check) Analysis shall be wholly the re-
shall be reasonably straight and free of sharp bends and kinks. sponsibility of the purchaser.
7.1.5 For forgings, dimensions and tolerances shall be as 9.2.2 Mechanical Properties—Samples of the material to
specified on the order, sketch, or drawing. provide test specimens for mechanical properties shall be taken
7.1.6 Dimensions and tolerances for forging stock shall be from such locations in each lot as to be representative of that
as agreed upon between the purchaser and the manufacturer. lot.
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
B 637
A
TABLE 3 Tensile and Hardness Requirements
Yield Elongation in
Tensile
Strength 2 in. [50 Reduction
Strength, Brinell
Alloy Heat Treatment (0.2 % mm] of Area,
min, psi Hardness
offset), min, or 4D, min, %
[MPa]
psi [MPa] min, %
N07252 solution + precipitation harden 160 000 90 000 20 18 310 min
[1100] [620]
B B
N07001 solution + stabilize + precipitation harden 160 000 110 000 15 18 310 min
[1100] [760]
N07500 (rod and anneal + solution + stabilize + precipitation harden 175 000 105 000 15 15 310 min
bar) [120] [725]
N07500 (forgings) solution + stabilize + precipitation harden 170 000 100 000 20 18 310 min
[1170] [690]
N07750 Type 1 solution at 2100°F [1149°C] + 140 000 90 000 8 . 262 min
stabilize + precipitation harden [965] [620]
C
N07750 Type 2 solution at 1800°F [982°C] + precipitation harden 170 000 115 000 18 18 302 to 363
[1170] [790]
D
N07750 Type 2 solution at 1800°F [982°C] + precipitation harden 170 000 115 000 15 15 302 to 363
E E
[1170] [790] (10) (12)
N07750 Type 3 solution anneal at 2000°F [1093°C] + precipitation 160 000 100 000 20 20 267–363,
harden [1103], min [689], min Bm
185 000 130 000 27–40, Rc
[1276], max [896], max
N07752 Type 1 solution anneal at 1975°F [1080°C] + precipitation 160 000 100 000 20 20 267 to 363,
harden [1103], min [689], min Ba
185 000 130 000 27 to 40, Rc
[1276], max [896], max
N07752 Type 2 solution anneal at 1975°F (1080°C) + precipitation 140 000 85 0000 20 20 .
harden [965] [585]
N07718 solution + precipitation harden 185 000 150 000 12 15 331 min
E E
[1275] [1034] (6) (8)
N07080 solution + stabilize + precipitation harden 135 000 90 000 20 . .
[930] [620]
A
The supplier shall demonstrate that the material will meet fully heat-treated properties after full heat treatment in accordance with Table 2.
B
Forgings.
C
Up to 2.50 in. [63.5 mm], exclusive.
D
2.50 to 4.00 in. [63.5 to 101.6 mm], exclusive.
E 2 2
These values apply for tension specimens machined tangentially from near the center of large disk forgings over 50 in. [3225.8 mm ] in cross section or radially from
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