ASTM F1511-18(2023)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Mechanical Seals for Shipboard Pump Applications
Standard Specification for Mechanical Seals for Shipboard Pump Applications
ABSTRACT
This specification covers mechanical end-face seals for centrifugal and positive displacement pumps for shipboard use. Mechanical seals shall be classified by type, grade, and class. Types: type A - inside single mounted seals, type B - outside single mounted seals, type C - double seals, type D - tandem seals, type E - gas seal, and type F - special arrangement/applications vacuum or gas seal. Grades: grade 1 - basic end face seal, grade 2 - cartridge seal, and grade 3 - split seal. Classes: class 0 - nonsplit seal assembly, class 1 - partial split seal assembly, solid gland, class 2 - partial split seal assembly, split gland, class 3 - fully split seal assembly, solid gland, and class 4 - fully split seal assembly, split gland. Seal life shall be defined in terms of the time period in which the mechanical seal functions properly under its specified service.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers mechanical end-face seals for centrifugal and positive displacement pumps for shipboard use.
1.2 The following types of seals are not included in this specification: lip seals, oil seals, circumferential seals, or labyrinth seals.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. A companion hard metric standard is in the process of preparation.
1.4 Special requirements for U.S. Navy Shipboard Pump Applications are included in Supplement S1.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: F1511 − 18 (Reapproved 2023) An American National Standard
Standard Specification for
Mechanical Seals for Shipboard Pump Applications
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1511; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope A313/A313M Specification for Stainless Steel Spring Wire
A351/A351M Specification for Castings, Austenitic, for
1.1 This specification covers mechanical end-face seals for
Pressure-Containing Parts
centrifugal and positive displacement pumps for shipboard use.
A436 Specification for Austenitic Gray Iron Castings
1.2 The following types of seals are not included in this
A494/A494M Specification for Castings, Nickel and Nickel
specification: lip seals, oil seals, circumferential seals, or
Alloy
labyrinth seals.
A564/A564M Specification for Hot-Rolled and Cold-
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
Finished Age-Hardening Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
A579/A579M Specification for Superstrength Alloy Steel
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
Forgings
and are not considered standard. A companion hard metric
A693 Specification for Precipitation-Hardening Stainless
standard is in the process of preparation.
and Heat-Resisting Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip
1.4 Special requirements for U.S. Navy Shipboard Pump A744/A744M Specification for Castings, Iron-Chromium-
Applications are included in Supplement S1. Nickel, Corrosion Resistant, for Severe Service
B62 Specification for Composition Bronze or Ounce Metal
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
Castings
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
B127 Specification for Nickel-Copper Alloy Plate, Sheet,
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
and Strip
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
B164 Specification for Nickel-Copper Alloy Rod, Bar, and
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Wire
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
B166 Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Aluminum Alloy,
2. Referenced Documents
Nickel-Chromium-Iron Alloys, Nickel-Chromium-Cobalt-
Molybdenum Alloy, Nickel-Iron-Chromium-Tungsten
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Alloy, and Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Copper Alloy
A108 Specification for Steel Bar, Carbon and Alloy, Cold-
Finished Rod, Bar, and Wire
A182/A182M Specification for Forged or Rolled Alloy and B168 Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Aluminum Alloys
Stainless Steel Pipe Flanges, Forged Fittings, and Valves
(UNS N06699), Nickel-Chromium-Iron Alloys (UNS
and Parts for High-Temperature Service N06600, N06601, N06603, N06690, N06693, N06025,
A240/A240M Specification for Chromium and Chromium-
N06045, and N06696), Nickel-Chromium-Cobalt-
Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for Pressure
Molybdenum Alloy (UNS N06617), Nickel-Iron-
Vessels and for General Applications
Chromium-Tungsten Alloy (UNS N06674), and
A276 Specification for Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes
B271 Specification for Copper-Base Alloy Centrifugal Cast-
ings
B333 Specification for Nickel-Molybdenum Alloy Plate,
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F25 on Ships
and Marine Technology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.11 on
Sheet, and Strip
Machinery and Piping Systems.
B335 Specification for Nickel-Molybdenum Alloy Rod
Current edition approved May 1, 2023. Published June 2023. Originally
B338 Specification for Seamless and Welded Titanium and
approved in 1994. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as F1511 – 18. DOI:
10.1520/F1511-18R23. Titanium Alloy Tubes for Condensers and Heat Exchang-
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
ers
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
B348 Specification for Titanium and Titanium Alloy Bars
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. and Billets
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F1511 − 18 (2023)
B367 Specification for Titanium and Titanium Alloy Cast- 2.6 SAE Standards:
ings AMS 7259 Rings, Sealing, Fluorocarbon (FKM) Rubber
B443 Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum- High-Temperature—Fluid Resistant Low Compression
Columbium Alloy and Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum- Set 85 to 95
Silicon Alloy Plate, Sheet, and Strip AMS 7276 Rings, Sealing, Fluorocarbon (FKM) Rubber
B446 Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum- High-Temperature—Fluid Resistant Low Compression
Columbium Alloy (UNS N06625), Nickel-Chromium- Set 70 to 80
Molybdenum-Silicon Alloy (UNS N06219), and Nickel- AMS 3216 Fluorocarbon (FKM) Rubber, High-
Chromium-Molybdenum-Tungsten Alloy (UNS N06650) Temperature—Fluid Resistant, Low Compression, Set 70
Rod and Bar to 80
B472 Specification for Nickel Alloy Billets and Bars for AMS 3218 Fluorocarbon (FKM) Rubber, High-
Reforging Temperature—Fluid Resistant, Low Compression, Set 85
B473 Specification for UNS N08020, UNS N08024, and to 95
UNS N08026 Nickel Alloy Bar and Wire J1926-1 Standard Dimensions for Gasket Seal Straight
B505/B505M Specification for Copper Alloy Continuous Thread Tube Fitting
Castings
2.7 Other Document:
B584 Specification for Copper Alloy Sand Castings for 2
DS56I Metals and Alloys in the Unified Numbering System
General Applications
B637 Specification for Precipitation-Hardening and Cold
3. Terminology
Worked Nickel Alloy Bars, Forgings, and Forging Stock
3.1 Definitions—Refer to Annex A1 for terminology relat-
for Moderate or High Temperature Service
ing to mechanical seals.
B670 Specification for Precipitation-Hardening Nickel Alloy
(UNS N07718) Plate, Sheet, and Strip for High-
4. Classification of Seal Arrangements
Temperature Service
D1141 Practice for Preparation of Substitute Ocean Water
4.1 For this specification, mechanical seals shall be classi-
D1418 Practice for Rubber and Rubber Latices—
fied by type, grade, and class. The categories are divided by
Nomenclature
application arrangement in the equipment in which it is
D3294 Specification for Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)
installed:
Resin Molded Sheet and Molded Basic Shapes
4.1.1 Type A—Inside Single Mounted Seals
D3951 Practice for Commercial Packaging
4.1.2 Type B—Outside Single Mounted Seals
2.2 ASQ Standards:
4.1.3 Type C—Double Seals
ASQC Z1.4 American Society of Quality, Quality Confor-
4.1.4 Type D—Tandem Seals
mance Inspection
4.1.5 Type E—Gas Seals
2.3 ANSI Standards:
4.1.6 Type F—Special Arrangements/Applications Vacuum
ANSI Y14.1 Drawing Sheet Size and Format
or Gas Seal
ANSI Y14.2 Line Convention and Lettering
4.1.7 Grade 1—Basic End Face Seal
ANSI Y14.3 Multi and Sectional View Drawings
4.1.8 Grade 2—Cartridge Seal
ANSI Y14.5 Dimensioning and Tolerancing for Engineering
4.1.9 Grade 3—Split Seal
Drawings
4.1.10 Class 0—Nonsplit Seal Assembly
ANSI Y14.6 Screw Thread Representation
ANSI Y14.26.3 Computer-Aided Preparation of Production 4.1.11 Class 1—Partial Split Seal Assembly, Solid Gland
Definition Data, Terms and Definitions
4.1.12 Class 2—Partial Split Seal Assembly, Split Gland
2.4 Military Standards:
4.1.13 Class 3—Fully Split Seal Assembly, Solid Gland
MIL-S-901 Shock Tests, H.I. (High Impact); Shipboard
4.1.14 Class 4—Fully Split Seal Assembly, Split Gland
Machinery, Equipment & Systems, Requirements for
4.2 Figs. 1-6 give general orientation information for vari-
MIL-P-16789 Packaging of Pumps, Including Prime Movers
ous types of seals. The specific design of seal shown is not
and Associated Repair Parts
limited to that particular application.
MIL-STD-167-1 Environmental Vibration Testing
2.5 ISO Standard:
5. Ordering Information
ISO 9001 Quality Systems—Model for Quality Assurance in
Design/Development, Production, Installation, and Ser-
5.1 The purchaser (buyer) shall provide the manufacturer
vice
with all of the pertinent application data shown in Figs. 7-9. If
special operating conditions exist that are not shown in the
3 checklist, they shall also be described.
Available from American Society for Quality (ASQ), 600 N. Plankinton Ave.,
Milwaukee, WI 53203, http://www.asq.org.
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
5 6
Available from DLA Document Services, Building 4/D, 700 Robbins Ave., Available from SAE International (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale,
Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, http://quicksearch.dla.mil. PA 15096, http://www.sae.org.
F1511 − 18 (2023)
FIG. 1 Single Seal—Inside Bellows Secondary Seal, Classification Type A Grade 1
FIG. 2 Single Seal—Inside O-Ring Secondary Seal, Classification Type A Grade 1
6. Material 6.2 Metal Components:
6.2.1 Mechanical seal metal parts in contact with the
6.1 Mechanical seals shall be constructed of materials
pumped liquid shall be compatible with their environment.
selected from Tables 1-3 after reviewing temperature, pressure/
6.2.2 Table 1 identifies metal component compatibility.
velocity (PV), and corrosion resistance requirements for all
parts for each application. 6.2.3 Material specifications:
F1511 − 18 (2023)
FIG. 3 Single Seal—Outside Mounted Classification Type B Grade 1
FIG. 4 Double Seals—Back to Back Classification Type C Grade 1
F1511 − 18 (2023)
FIG. 5 Double Seals—Face to Face Classification Type C Grade 1
FIG. 6 Tandem Seals Classification Type D Grade 1
F1511 − 18 (2023)
Material ASTM
Copper alloy B271, B584, B505/B505M
Bronze B62
Alloy 20 B472 and B473 (UNS N08020, N08026)
316 stainless steel A240/A240M, A276, and A313/A313M
(UNS S316XX)
304 stainless steel A182/A182M, A313/A313M (UNS
S304XX),A351/A351M (CF3, 3A;
CF8,8A; CF8C; CF10)
Alloyed stainless steel (cast) A744/A744M (CN-7M, CN-7MS)
17-4 PH A564/A564M and A693 (UNS S17400)
AM 350 A579/A579M (Grade 61)
A
NiCu B164 (UNS N04400, N04405), B127,
A494/A494M (Grades M35-1,
M35-2,M-30H, M-25S)
NiMo A494/A494M (Grades CW-2M, N-12 MV)
B
NiMo (Alloy B) B333 and B335 (UNS N10001, N10665,
N10675)
C
NiCrFe NiCrMoCo B166, B168
NiCr B637, B670
D
NiCrMoCb B443, B446
Steel A108
Austenetic grey iron A436
Titanium B338, B348, B367
Nickel cast iron (ductile nodular A436 Type 1
or graphitic)
A 7
Monel or equivalent has been found satisfactory for this purpose.
B
Hastelloy B or equivalent has been found satisfactory for this purpose.
C 8
Inconel X750 or equivalent has been found satisfactory for this purpose.
D 8
Inconel 625 or equivalent has been found satisfactory for this purpose.
6.3 Face Materials—Mechanical seal-wearing faces shall
be selected to provide the desired performance and corrosion
resistance for the specified design life of the seal.
6.3.1 Performance ranges for face combinations are listed in
Table 2.
6.3.2 Face materials shall be of solid construction only; no
overlays, deposited coatings, or sprayed on coatings are
permitted.
6.3.3 Carbon is preferred for one of the faces unless the
service is abrasive, dirty, or chemically active.
6.3.4 For special service requirements, hard on hard seal
face combinations may be required. Face material
combinations, such as silicon carbide versus silicon carbide,
FIG. 7 Ordering Data Checklist
silicon carbide versus tungsten carbide, and tungsten carbide
versus tungsten carbide, may be used as similar or dissimilar
contacting face materials when recommended by the supplier
and approved by the user.
6.4 Face Material Specifications:
6.4.1 Carbon—Suitable for service as recommended by the
manufacturer. A carbon seal grade is a material having carbo-
naceous filler system comprised of pitch and resins, compacted
and baked to a final temperature. These grades are subse-
quently impregnated with resin until they become impervious.
All available carbons may not be suitable for a particular
application. Carbons considered for use in a particular appli-
cation shall be checked for suitability in accordance with the
requirements of this specification.
6.4.2 Tungsten Carbide—6 % to 10 % nickel or cobalt-
bound solid tungsten carbide.
The term “Monel” and the Monel logo are trademarks of the Special Metals
Corporation, Huntington, WV, USA.
The term “Inconel” and the Inconel logo are trademarks of the Special Metals
Corporation, Huntington, WV, USA.
F1511 − 18 (2023)
FIG. 8 Stuffing Box Arrangement
F1511 − 18 (2023)
FIG. 9 Stuffing Box Dimensions
TABLE 1 Metal Component Compatibility
NOTE 1—For fluids or materials not covered here, seal selection to be mutually agreed upon by seal manufacturer, pump supplier, and end user.
NOTE 2— X = Suitable for use as seal components.
A
Materials
Highly Alloyed
Fluid
316 Stainless
Brass Ni-Cu Alloy 20 Stainless Ni-Mo Ni-Cr-Mo-Cb Ni-Cr-Fe
Steel
Steel
Fresh Water
Demineralized water X X X X X
Boiler feed X X X X X
Potable X X X X X X X
Salt Water
Seawater X X X X X
Distiller brine X X X X
Fuel Oil
Navy distillate X X X X X X
JP-5 X X X X X X
Diesel X X X X X X
Kerosene X X X X X X
Crude oil X X X X X X
Lube oil X X X X X X
Sewage X X X X X
A
See Section 6 for material specifications.
6.4.3 Ceramic—99.5 % minimum alumina ceramic suitable 10 % free graphite. (e) Siliconized Carbon Graphite—
for the service as recommended by the manufacturer.
Approximately 0.025 in. (0.64 mm) thick conversion of silicon
6.4.4 Silicon Carbide—(a) Reaction-Bonded—Solid fine- carbide on carbon substructure and impregnated with thermo-
grained reaction-bonded silicon carbide 8 % to 12 % free
setting resin.
silicon, essentially free of carbon, impervious structure requir-
6.5 Elastomeric Materials:
ing no impregnant. (b) Reaction-Bonded With Graphite—A
6.5.1 Special care should be given to the selection and
composite material of fine-grain reaction-bonded silicon car-
installation of elastomeric components, such as bellows and
bide; 5 % to 10 % free silicon and 10 % to 30 % graphite;
O-rings. One of the most important considerations for elasto-
impervious structure requiring no impregnant. (c) Direct
mers is fluid compatibility. Table 3 refere
...
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