ASTM D4111-12(2019)
(Specification)Standard Performance Specification for Woven Napery and Tablecloth Fabrics: Household and Institutional
Standard Performance Specification for Woven Napery and Tablecloth Fabrics: Household and Institutional
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Upon agreement between the purchaser and the seller, fabrics intended for this end use should meet all of the requirements listed in Table 1 of this specification.
5.2 It is recognized that for purposes of fashion or aesthetics the ultimate consumer of articles made from these fabrics may find acceptable fabrics that do not conform to all of the requirements in Table 1. Therefore, one or more of the requirements listed in Table 1 may be modified upon agreement between the purchaser and the seller.
5.2.1 In such cases, any references to the specification shall specify that: “This fabric meets ASTM Specification D4111 except for the following characteristic(s).”
5.3 Where no prepurchase agreement has been reached between the purchaser and the seller, and in case of controversy, the requirements listed in Table 1 are intended to be used as a guide only. As noted in 5.2, ultimate consumer demands dictate varying performance parameters for any particular style of fabric.
5.4 The uses and significance of particular properties and methods are discussed in the appropriate sections of the specified methods.
SCOPE
1.1 This performance specification covers woven fabrics comprised of any textile fiber or mixture of fibers to be used in napery and tablecloths (household and institutional).
1.2 These requirements apply to both the length and width directions for those properties where fabric direction is pertinent.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Publication Date
- 14-Apr-2019
- Technical Committee
- D13 - Textiles
- Drafting Committee
- D13.63 - Home Furnishings
Relations
- Effective Date
- 15-Apr-2019
- Effective Date
- 01-Jan-2024
- Effective Date
- 01-Jul-2019
- Effective Date
- 01-Jul-2018
- Effective Date
- 15-Jul-2017
- Effective Date
- 15-Jul-2017
- Effective Date
- 01-Mar-2017
- Effective Date
- 15-Sep-2015
- Effective Date
- 01-Sep-2015
- Effective Date
- 01-Jul-2015
- Effective Date
- 01-Jul-2015
- Effective Date
- 01-Apr-2015
- Effective Date
- 01-Jul-2013
- Effective Date
- 01-Jul-2013
- Effective Date
- 15-Jun-2013
Overview
ASTM D4111-12(2019) - Standard Performance Specification for Woven Napery and Tablecloth Fabrics: Household and Institutional establishes the performance criteria for woven fabrics consisting of any textile fiber or fiber mixtures used in table linens, such as napery and tablecloths, in both residential and institutional settings. Developed by ASTM International, this standard provides guidance on the key requirements, test methods, and quality benchmarks necessary for producing consistent, durable, and aesthetically pleasing table linens.
ASTM D4111 is aligned with internationally recognized principles on standardization, as outlined by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. It is designed to assist both purchasers and suppliers in specifying fabric quality, especially where formal agreements are in place or in resolving disputes regarding product performance.
Key Topics
Scope and Applicability: Covers all woven fabrics, regardless of fiber content, intended for use as household or institutional napery and tablecloths. Requirements apply to physical properties in both fabric length and width directions.
Core Performance Criteria:
- Breaking and tearing strength
- Yarn distortion (control of slippage)
- Colorfastness (to laundering, crocking, light, burn fumes, bleaching)
- Dimensional stability (shrinkage control after laundering)
- Smoothness and appearance retention
- Chlorine retention (resistance to residual chlorine damage)
- Soil release and stain resistance
Test Methods: Specifies various ASTM and AATCC (American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists) methods to assess each property, ensuring uniform testing procedures and comparability of results.
Buyer-Seller Agreements: Recognizes the need for flexibility to accommodate specific fashion or aesthetic preferences, allowing modifications to requirements as agreed by both parties. In such cases, the specification should note any exceptions.
Consumer Expectations: Emphasizes that ultimate user needs or style requirements may permit deviations from the standard, but clarifies that in absence of a purchase agreement, the listed requirements serve as a guide to performance.
Health and Safety Considerations: Stresses user responsibility in implementing appropriate health, safety, and environmental practices and in confirming regulatory compliance.
Applications
Product Development: Used by textile manufacturers and designers to ensure tablecloths and napery meet minimum durability and appearance standards for household and institutional markets, including hotels, restaurants, and healthcare facilities.
Procurement and Purchasing: Serves as a specification reference in procurement contracts to define and verify fabric performance before purchase, reducing disputes and ensuring consistency.
Quality Assurance: Supports inspection, sampling, and acceptance testing protocols, aiding quality control teams in verifying products against industry benchmarks.
International Trade: Facilitates cross-border commerce in woven table linens by harmonizing performance expectations and referencing widely accepted test methods.
Related Standards
When implementing ASTM D4111-12(2019), stakeholders often reference associated standards and test methods to ensure comprehensive compliance and assessment:
- ASTM D123: Terminology Relating to Textiles
- ASTM D1336: Test Method for Distortion of Yarn in Woven Fabrics
- ASTM D1424 & D2261: Tearing Strength of Fabrics
- ASTM D5034: Breaking Strength and Elongation of Textile Fabrics
- AATCC Methods: Including TM8, TM16.3, TM23, TM61, TM92, TM96, TM116, TM124, TM130, TM135, TM172, and TM188 for specific fabric performance and colorfastness tests.
These references enable a robust approach to product evaluation, ensuring that woven tablecloth and napery fabrics meet rigorous industry standards for both performance and appearance.
Keywords: ASTM D4111, napery fabrics, tablecloth standards, woven fabrics, institutional linens, household linens, textile performance specification, fabric testing, colorfastness, dimensional stability, ASTM textile standards.
Frequently Asked Questions
ASTM D4111-12(2019) is a technical specification published by ASTM International. Its full title is "Standard Performance Specification for Woven Napery and Tablecloth Fabrics: Household and Institutional". This standard covers: SIGNIFICANCE AND USE 5.1 Upon agreement between the purchaser and the seller, fabrics intended for this end use should meet all of the requirements listed in Table 1 of this specification. 5.2 It is recognized that for purposes of fashion or aesthetics the ultimate consumer of articles made from these fabrics may find acceptable fabrics that do not conform to all of the requirements in Table 1. Therefore, one or more of the requirements listed in Table 1 may be modified upon agreement between the purchaser and the seller. 5.2.1 In such cases, any references to the specification shall specify that: “This fabric meets ASTM Specification D4111 except for the following characteristic(s).” 5.3 Where no prepurchase agreement has been reached between the purchaser and the seller, and in case of controversy, the requirements listed in Table 1 are intended to be used as a guide only. As noted in 5.2, ultimate consumer demands dictate varying performance parameters for any particular style of fabric. 5.4 The uses and significance of particular properties and methods are discussed in the appropriate sections of the specified methods. SCOPE 1.1 This performance specification covers woven fabrics comprised of any textile fiber or mixture of fibers to be used in napery and tablecloths (household and institutional). 1.2 These requirements apply to both the length and width directions for those properties where fabric direction is pertinent. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE 5.1 Upon agreement between the purchaser and the seller, fabrics intended for this end use should meet all of the requirements listed in Table 1 of this specification. 5.2 It is recognized that for purposes of fashion or aesthetics the ultimate consumer of articles made from these fabrics may find acceptable fabrics that do not conform to all of the requirements in Table 1. Therefore, one or more of the requirements listed in Table 1 may be modified upon agreement between the purchaser and the seller. 5.2.1 In such cases, any references to the specification shall specify that: “This fabric meets ASTM Specification D4111 except for the following characteristic(s).” 5.3 Where no prepurchase agreement has been reached between the purchaser and the seller, and in case of controversy, the requirements listed in Table 1 are intended to be used as a guide only. As noted in 5.2, ultimate consumer demands dictate varying performance parameters for any particular style of fabric. 5.4 The uses and significance of particular properties and methods are discussed in the appropriate sections of the specified methods. SCOPE 1.1 This performance specification covers woven fabrics comprised of any textile fiber or mixture of fibers to be used in napery and tablecloths (household and institutional). 1.2 These requirements apply to both the length and width directions for those properties where fabric direction is pertinent. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ASTM D4111-12(2019) is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 97.160 - Home textiles. Linen. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
ASTM D4111-12(2019) has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to ASTM D4111-12, ASTM D2261-13(2024), ASTM D1336-07(2019), ASTM D7023-06(2018), ASTM D2261-13(2017), ASTM D2261-13(2017)e1, ASTM D123-17, ASTM D123-15b, ASTM D123-15a, ASTM D2724-07(2015), ASTM D1336-07(2015), ASTM D123-15, ASTM D1424-09(2013)e1, ASTM D1424-09(2013), ASTM D123-13ae1. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
ASTM D4111-12(2019) is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:D4111 −12 (Reapproved 2019)
Standard Performance Specification for
Woven Napery and Tablecloth Fabrics: Household and
Institutional
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4111; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D7023 Terminology Relating to Home Furnishings
2.2 AATCC Methods:
1.1 This performance specification covers woven fabrics
TM8 Colorfastness to Crocking. Crockmeter Method
comprised of any textile fiber or mixture of fibers to be used in
TM16.3 Colorfastness to Light: Xenon-Arc
napery and tablecloths (household and institutional).
TM23 Colorfastness to Burnt Gas Fumes
1.2 These requirements apply to both the length and width
TM61 Colorfastness to Laundering: Accelerated
directions for those properties where fabric direction is perti-
TM92 Chlorine, Retained, Tensile Loss: Single Sample
nent.
Method
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
TM96 Dimensional Changes in Commercial Laundering of
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Woven and Knitted Fabrics Except Wool
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
TM116 Colorfastness to Crocking: Rotary Vertical Crock-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
meter Method
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
TM124 Smoothness Appearance of Fabrics after Home
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
Laundering
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
TM130 Soil Release: Oily Stain Release Method
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
TM135 Dimensional Changes of Fabrics after Home Laun-
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
dering
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
TM172 Colorfastness to Powdered Non-Chlorine Bleach in
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Home Laundering
TM188 Colorfastness to Sodium Hypochlorite Bleach in
2. Referenced Documents
Home Laundering
2.1 ASTM Standards: EP1 Gray Scale for Color Change
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles EP2 Gray Scale for Staining
D1336 Test Method for Distortion ofYarn in Woven Fabrics EP8 AATCC 9-Step Chromatic Transference Scale
D1424 Test Method for Tearing Strength of Fabrics by
NOTE 1—Reference to standards in this specification give only the
Falling-Pendulum (Elmendorf-Type) Apparatus
permanent part of the designation of ASTM, AATCC, or other standards.
D2261 Test Method for Tearing Strength of Fabrics by the
The current editions of each standard cited shall prevail.
Tongue (Single Rip) Procedure (Constant-Rate-of-
3. Terminology
Extension Tensile Testing Machine)
D2724 Test Method for Bond Strength of Bonded, Fused,
3.1 Definitions:
and Laminated Apparel Fabrics
3.1.1 For all terminology related to home furnishings see
D5034 TestMethodforBreakingStrengthandElongationof
Terminology D7023.
Textile Fabrics (Grab Test)
3.2 FordefinitionsofallothertextiletermsseeTerminology
D123.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on
4. Specification Requirements
Textiles and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.63 on Home
Furnishings. 4.1 The properties of woven fabrics for napery and table-
Current edition approved April 15, 2019. Published July 2019. Originally
cloths for household and institutional uses shall conform to the
approved in 1982. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D4111 - 12. DOI:
specification requirements in Table 1.
10.1520/D4111-12R19.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists, P.O.
the ASTM website. Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D4111−12 (2019)
TABLE 1 Specification Requirements
6. Sampling
NOTE 1—Class for color change, color transfer, and DP rating is based
6.1 LotSample—Asalotsampleforacceptancetesting,take
on a numerical scale of 5 for negligible or no wrinkle, color change, or
at random the number of rolls as directed in an applicable
color transfer to 1 for severe wrinkle, color change, or color transfer.
specification or other agreement between the purchaser and the
Characteristic Requirements Section
supplier.
Breaking strength (load) (CRT): 7.1
Household 133 N (30 lbf), min
6.2 Laboratory Sample—From each roll or piece in the lot
Institutional 242 N (55 lbf), min
sample, cut two laboratory samples the full width of the fabric
Yarn distortion 1 mm (0.05 in.), max 7.2
and at least 375 mm (15 in.) along the selvage.
Tongue-tear strength: 7.3
Household 9 N (2 lbf), min
Institutional 13 N (3 lbf), min
7. Test Methods (see Note 1)
Colorfastness:
Burnt gas fumes—1 cycle:
7.1 Breaking Strength—Determine the breaking strength as
A
Shade change, original fabric Grade 4 ,min 7.4.1
directed in Test Method D5034, using a constant-rate-of-
A
Shade change, after one Grade 4 ,min
extension (CRE) tensile-testing machine.
laundering
A
Chlorine Bleach Grade 4 ,min 7.4.5
A
NOTE 2—If preferred, the use of a constant-rate-of-traverse (CRT)
Non-Chlorine Bleach Grade 4 ,min 7.4.6
A
Light (20 AFU) Grade 4 ,min 7.4.2 tensile testing machine is permitted. There may be no overall correlation
Crocking: 7.4.3
betweentheresultsobtainedwiththeCRTmachineandtheCREmachine,
B
Dry Grade 4 ,min
consequently, these two breaking-force testers cannot be used inter-
B
Wet Class 3 ,min
changeably.Incaseofcontroversy,theCREmethod(TestMethodD5034)
Laundering: 7.4.4
shall prevail.
A
Shade change Class 4 ,min
C
Staining Grade 3 ,min
7.2 Yarn Distortion—Determine the yarn distortion as di-
Dimensional change ±5 %, max 7.5
D rected in Test Method D1336.
Fabric appearance (see 7.6.1.1)SA3.5 ,min 7.6
Chlorine retention see 7.7.1.1 7.7
7.3 Tear Strength—Determine the tear strength as directed
Retention of hand, character, and see 7.9 7.9
in Test Method D1424.
appearance
Soil release Grade 4, min 7.10
NOT
...
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