ASTM E1108-86(1996)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determination of the Recovery of a Product in a Materials Separation Device
Standard Test Method for Determination of the Recovery of a Product in a Materials Separation Device
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the recovery of a desired product in a device processing solid waste for the purpose of concentrating a component of interest. The recovery is determined with respect to the amount of the desired component in one output stream (accepts) as opposed to another output stream (rejects). The results of this calculation determine the effectiveness of component separation when coupled with a measure of product purity as described in Test Method E889.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary information is given in Section 7.
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Designation: E 1108 – 86 (Reapproved 1996)
Standard Test Method for
Determination of the Recovery of a Product in a
Materials Separation Device
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 1108; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.5 gross sample—a sample representing one lot and
composed of a number of increments on which neither reduc-
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the recov-
tion nor division has been performed.
ery of a desired product in a device processing solid waste for
3.1.6 laboratory sample (or analysis sample)—a portion of
the purpose of concentrating a component of interest. The
one gross sample representative of a lot and taken at random
recovery is determined with respect to the amount of the
from the gross sample.
desired component in one output stream (accepts) as opposed
3.1.7 polynary separator—a device that separates a single
to another output stream (rejects). The results of this calcula-
input feed stream into three or more output product streams.
tion determine the effectiveness of component separation when
3.1.8 purity—the purity of a stream is defined in terms of
coupled with a measure of product purity as described in Test
one or more identifiable components, x, y, z, etc. as separated
Method E 889.
by hand sorting. The composition for any component such as x
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
is the mass of x in a stream divided by the total mass of that
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
stream. Purity is expressed as a fraction, decimal fraction or
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
percent.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.1.9 recovery—the fraction (on a percentage basis) of a
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precau-
specific component, x, in an input process stream (feed)
tionary information is given in Section 7.
captured or recovered into an output process stream (accepts).
2. Referenced Documents Recovery is calculated as a mass of x in the output stream per
unit time divided by the mass of x in the input stream per the
2.1 ASTM Standards:
same time, and the fraction is multiplied by 100. Alternatively,
E 889 Test Method for Composition or Purity of a Solid
the concentration of the component(s) of interest (defined as
Waste Materials Stream
purity in Test Method E 889) are measured in all input and exit
E 1107 Test Method for Measuring the Throughput of
streams and used to calculate recovery.
Resource-Recovery Unit Operations
3.1.10 rejects—the output stream(s) that have low concen-
3. Terminology
trations of the component(s) of interest.
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
NOTE 1—In mass per time terms, Feed = Accepts + Rejects for any
3.1.1 accepts—the output stream from the materials sepa-
conservation component if there is no storage term or loss of mass, for
ration device that contains the highest concentration (purity) of example, moisture.
the component(s) that the device is designed to separate.
3.1.11 steady state operation—a condition in which the
3.1.2 binary separator—a device that separates a single
materials separator is achieving a constant recovery perfor-
input feed stream into two output or product streams.
mance over a given time.
3.1.3 component—any identifiable and defined fraction of
solid waste. 4. Summary of Test Method
3.1.4 feed—the input stream.
4.1 Percent recovery of a component can be calculated
either by measuring the throughput of component x (mass per
unit time) in the input (feed) and the throughput of component
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-34 on Waste
x in the output (accepts) process streams or by measuring the
Management and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D34.06 on Recovery
purity of the input and output streams.
and Reuse.
4.1.1 The throughputs are measured as described in Test
Current edition approved April 25, 1986. Published July 1986.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.04. Method E 1107.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
E 1108
4.1.2 The purity analyses are described in Test Method composition, and without changes in operation mode, for at
E 889. least 30 min before sampling. The results of a series of
recovery determinations will confirm the presence of steady
5. Significance and Use
state operation.
5.1 This test method is used to document the ability of a 10.2 If the throughput method is to be used, follow the
solid waste resource recovery separator to capture the compo-
procedures in Test Method E 1107.
nent(s) of interest in
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