ASTM B381-00

Standard Specification for Titanium and Titanium Alloy Forgings

SCOPE
1.1 This specification  covers 20 grades of annealed titanium and titanium alloy forgings as follows:  
1.1.1 Grade F-1 -Unalloyed titanium,  
1.1.2 Grade F-2 -Unalloyed titanium,  
1.1.3 Grade F-3 -Unalloyed titanium,  
1.1.4 Grade F-4 -Unalloyed titanium,  
1.1.5 Grade F-5 -Titanium alloy (6% aluminum, 4% vanadium),  
1.1.6 Grade F-6 -Titanium alloy (5% aluminum, 2.5% tin),  
1.1.7 Grade F-7 -Unalloyed titanium plus 0.12 to 0.25% palladium,  
1.1.8 Grade F-9 -Titanium alloy (3% aluminum, 2.5% vanadium),  
1.1.9 Grade F-11 -Unalloyed titanium plus 0.12 to 0.25% palladium,  
1.1.10 Grade F-12 -Titanium alloy (0.3% molybdenum, 0.8% nickel),  
1.1.11 Grade F-13 -Titanium alloy (0.5% nickel, 0.05% ruthenium),  
1.1.12 Grade F-14 -Titanium alloy (0.5% nickel, 0.05% ruthenium),  
1.1.13 Grade F-15 -Titanium alloy (0.5% nickel, 0.05% ruthenium),  
1.1.14 Grade F-16 -Unalloyed titanium plus 0.04% to 0.08% palladium,  
1.1.15 Grade F-17 -Unalloyed titanium plus 0.04% to 0.08% palladium,  
1.1.16 Grade F-18 -Titanium alloy (3% aluminum, 2.5% vanadium) plus 0.04% to 0.08% palladium,
1.1.17 Grade F-19 -Titanium alloy (3% aluminum, 8% vanadium, 6% chromium, 4% zirconium, 4% molybdenum),
1.1.18 Grade F-20 -Titanium alloy (3% aluminum, 8% vanadium, 6% chromium, 4% zirconium, 4% molybdenum) plus 0.04% to 0.08% palladium,
1.1.19 Grade F-21 -Titanium alloy (3% aluminum, 2.7% niobium, 15% molybdenum, 0.25% silicon),
1.1.20 Grade F-23 -Titanium alloy (6% aluminum, 4% vanadium, extra low interstitials, ELI),  
1.1.21 Grade F-24 -Titanium alloy (6% aluminum, 4% vanadium) plus 0.04% to 0.08% palladium,  
1.1.22 Grade F-25 -Titanium alloy (6% aluminum, 4% vanadium) plus 0.3% to 0.8% nickel and 0.04% to 0.08% palladium.  
1.1.23 Grade F-30 -Titanium alloy (0.3% cobalt, 0.05% palladium), and  
1.1.24 Grade F-31 -Titanium alloy (0.3% cobalt, 0.05% palladium).  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-May-2000
• ICS: 77.150.50 - Titanium products
• Technical Committee: B10 - Reactive and Refractory Metals and Alloys
• Drafting Committee: B10.01 - Titanium

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM B381-02 - Standard Specification for Titanium and Titanium Alloy Forgings
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2002
• Referred By: ASTM F67-13(2017) - Standard Specification for Unalloyed Titanium, for Surgical Implant Applications (UNS R50250, UNS R50400, UNS R50550, UNS R50700)
• Effective Date: 10-May-2000
• Referred By: ASTM F1155-10(2019) - Standard Practice for Selection and Application of Piping System Materials
• Effective Date: 10-May-2000
• Referred By: ASTM B363-19 - Standard Specification for Seamless and Welded Unalloyed Titanium and Titanium Alloy Welding Fittings
• Effective Date: 10-May-2000

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: B 381 – 00
Standard Specification for
Titanium and Titanium Alloy Forgings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 381; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope plus 0.04 % to 0.08 % palladium,
1.1.19 Grade F-21—Titanium alloy (3 % aluminum, 2.7 %
1.1 This specification covers 31 grades of annealed tita-
niobium, 15 % molybdenum, 0.25 % silicon),
nium and titanium alloy forgings as follows:
1.1.20 Grade F-23—Titanium alloy (6 % aluminum, 4 %
1.1.1 Grade F-1—Unalloyed titanium,
vanadium, extra low interstitials, ELI),
1.1.2 Grade F-2—Unalloyed titanium,
1.1.21 Grade F-24—Titanium alloy (6 % aluminum, 4 %
1.1.3 Grade F-3—Unalloyed titanium,
vanadium) plus 0.04 % to 0.08 % palladium,
1.1.4 Grade F-4—Unalloyed titanium,
1.1.22 Grade F-25—Titanium alloy (6 % aluminum, 4 %
1.1.5 Grade F-5—Titanium alloy (6 % aluminum, 4 %
vanadium) plus 0.3 % to 0.8 % nickel and 0.04 % to 0.08 %
vanadium),
palladium,
1.1.6 Grade F-6—Titanium alloy (5 % aluminum, 2.5 %
1.1.23 Grade F-26—Unalloyed titanium plus 0.08 to
tin),
0.14 % ruthenium,
1.1.7 Grade F-7—Unalloyed titanium plus 0.12 to 0.25 %
1.1.24 Grade F-27—Unalloyed titanium plus 0.08 to
palladium,
0.14 % ruthenium,
1.1.8 Grade F-9—Titanium alloy (3 % aluminum, 2.5 %
1.1.25 Grade F-28—Titanium alloy (3% aluminum, 2.5%
vanadium),
vanadium plus 0.08–0.14% ruthenium),
1.1.9 Grade F-11—Unalloyed titanium plus 0.12 to 0.25 %
1.1.26 Grade F-29—Titanium alloy (6% aluminum, 4%
palladium,
vanadium, extra low interstitial, ELI plus 0.08–0.14% ruthe-
1.1.10 Grade F-12—Titanium alloy (0.3 % molybdenum,
nium),
0.8 % nickel),
1.1.27 Grade F-30—Titanium alloy (0.3 % cobalt, 0.05 %
1.1.11 Grade F-13—Titanium alloy (0.5 % nickel, 0.05 %
palladium),
ruthenium),
1.1.28 Grade F-31—Titanium alloy (0.3 % cobalt, 0.05 %
1.1.12 Grade F-14—Titanium alloy (0.5 % nickel, 0.05 %
palladium),
ruthenium),
1.1.29 Grade F-32—Titanium alloy (5 % aluminum, 1 %
1.1.13 Grade F-15—Titanium alloy (0.5 % nickel, 0.05 %
vanadium, 1 % tin, 1 % zirconium, 0.8 % molybdenum),
ruthenium),
1.1.30 Grade F-33—Titanium alloy (0.4% nickel, 0.015%
1.1.14 Grade F-16—Unalloyed titanium plus 0.04 % to
palladium, 0.025% ruthenium, 0.15% chromium), and
0.08 % palladium,
1.1.31 Grade F-34—Titanium alloy (0.4% nickel, 0.015%
1.1.15 Grade F-17—Unalloyed titanium plus 0.04 % to
palladium, 0.025% ruthenium, 0.15% chromium).
0.08 % palladium,
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
1.1.16 Grade F-18—Titanium alloy (3 % aluminum, 2.5 %
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for
vanadium) plus 0.04 % to 0.08 % palladium,
information only.
1.1.17 Grade F-19—Titanium alloy (3 % aluminum, 8 %
vanadium, 6 % chromium, 4 % zirconium, 4 % molybdenum),
2. Referenced Documents
1.1.18 Grade F-20—Titanium alloy (3 % aluminum, 8 %
2.1 ASTM Standards:
vanadium, 6 % chromium, 4 % zirconium, 4 % molybdenum)
B 348 Specification for Titanium and Titanium Alloy Bars
and Billets
E 8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B10 on
Reactive and Refractory Metals and Alloysand is the direct responsibility of
E 29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
Subcommittee B10.01on Titanium.
Current edition approved May 10, 2000. Published July 2000. Originally
published as B 381–61T. Last previous edition B 381–99a.
2 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.04.
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications, see related Specifi-
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01.
cation SB-381 in Section II of that Code.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
B 381
Determine Conformance with Specifications 3.1.1 bar, n—a hot rolled, forged or cold worked semifin-
E 120 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Titanium and ished solid section product whose cross sectional area is less
6 2 2
Titanium Alloys than 16 in. (10 323 mm ).
E 1409 Test Method for the Determination of Oxygen in
3.1.2 billet, n—a solid semifinished section, hot rolled or
Titanium and Titanium Alloys by the Inert Gas Fusion forged from an ingot, with a cross sectional area greater than 16
2 2
Technique
in. (10 323 mm ).
E 1447 Test Method for the Determination of Hydrogen in 3.1.3 forging, n—any product of work on metal formed to
Titanium and Titanium Alloys by the Inert Gas Fusion
a desired shape by impact or pressure in hammers, forging
Thermal Conductivity Method machines, upsetters presses or related forming equipment.
3. Terminology
4. Ordering Information
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
4.1 Orders for forgings under this specification shall include
the following information, as applicable:
4.1.1 Grade number (Section 1),
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
4.1.2 Tensile properties (Table 1),
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.05.
4.1.3 Dimensions and tolerances (Section 9),
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.06.
A
TABLE 1 Tensile Requirements
Tensile Strength, min Yield Strength (0.2 % Offset), min or Range
Elongation in 4D, Reduction of Area,
Grade
min, % min, %
ksi (MPa) ksi (MPa)
F-1 35 (240) 25 (170) 24 30
F-2 50 (345) 40 (275) 20 30
F-3 65 (450) 55 (380) 18 30
F-4 80 (550) 70 (483) 15 25
F-5 130 (895) 120 (828) 10 25
F-6 120 (828) 115 (795) 10 25
F-7 50 (345) 40 (275) 20 30
F-9 120 (828) 110 (759) 10 25
B
F-9 90 (620) 70 (483) 15 25
F-11 35 (240) 25 (170) 24 30
F-12 70 (483) 50 (345) 18 25
F-13 40 (275) 25 (170) 24 30
F-14 60 (410) 40 (275) 20 30
F-15 70 (483) 55 (380) 18 25
F-16 50 (345) 40 (275) 20 30
F-17 35 (240) 25 (170) 24 30
F-18 90 (620) 70 (483) 15 25
B
F-18 90 (620) 70 (483) 12 20
C
F-19 115 (793) 110 (759) 15 25
D
F-19 135 (930) 130 to 159 (897) to (1096) 10 20
E
F-19 165 (1138) 160 to 185 (1104) to (1276) 5 20
C
F-20 115 (793) 110 (759) 15 25
D
F-20 135 (930) 130 to 159 (897) to (1096) 10 20
E
F-20 165 (1138) 160 to 185 (1104) to (1276) 5 20
C
F-21 115 (793) 110 (759) 15 35
D
F-21 140 (966) 130 to 159 (897) to (1096) 10 30
E
F-21 170 (1172) 160 to 185 (1104) to (1276) 8 20
F-23 120 (828) 110 (759) 10 25
B F G
F-23 120 (828) 110 (759) 7.5, , 6.0 25
F-24 130 (895) 120 (828) 10 25
F-25 130 (895) 120 (828) 10 25
F-26 50 (345) 40 (275) 20 30
F-27 35 (240) 25 (170) 24 30
F-28 90 (620) 70 (483) 15 25
B
F-28 90 (620) 70 (483) 12 20
F-29 120 (828) 110 (759) 10 25
B F G
F-29 120 (828) 110 (759) 7.5, , 6.0 15
F-30 50 (345) 40 (275) 20 30
F-31 65 (450) 55 (380) 18 30
F-32 100 (689) 85 (586) 10 25
F-33 50 (345) 40 (275) 20 30
F-34 65 (450) 55 (380) 18 30
A 2 2
These properties apply to forgings having a cross section no greater than 3 in. (1935 mm ). Mechanical properties of forgings having greater cross sections shall be
negotiated between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
B
Properties for material in transformed-beta condition.
C
Properties for material in the solution treated condition.
D
Properties for solution treated and aged condition-Moderate strength (determined by aging temperature).
E
Properties for solution treated and aged condition-High Strength (determined by aging temperature).
F
For product section or wall thickness values <1.0 in.
G
For product section or wall thickness values #1.0 in.
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
B 381
4.1.4 Sampling, mechanical properties (Section 7), 6.1.1 The elements listed in Table 2 are intentional alloy
4.1.5 Methods for chemical analysis (Section 6),
additions or elements which are inherent to the manufacturer of
4.1.6 Marking (Section 16),
titanium sponge, ingot or mill product.
4.1.7 Packaging (Section 16),
6.1.1.1 Elements other than those listed in Table 2 are
4.1.8 Certification (Section 15),
deemed to be capable of occurring in the grades listed in Table
4.1.9 Disposition of rejected material (Section 13), and
2 by and only by way of unregulated or unanalyzed scrap
4.1.10 Supplementary requirements (S1).
additions to the ingot melt. Therefore, product analysis for
elements not listed in Table 2 shall not be required unless
5. Materials and Manufacture
specified and shall be considered to be in excess of the intent
5.1 Material conforming to the latest revision of Specifica-
of this specification.
tion B 348 shall be used when producing forgings to this
6.1.2 Elements intentionally added to the melt must be
specification.
identified, analyzed, and reported in the chemical analysis.
6. Chemical Composition
6.2 When agreed upon by the producer and purchaser and
requested by the purchaser in his written purchase order,
6.1 The grades of titanium and titanium alloy metal covered
by this specification shall conform to the requirements as to chemical analysis shall be completed for specific residual
chemical composition prescribed in Table 2. elements not listed in this specification.
A
TABLE 2 Chemical Requirements
Composition, %
Element
F-1 F-2 F-3 F-4 F-5 F-6 F-7 F-9 F-11 F-12
Nitrogen, max 0.03 0.03 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03
Carbon, max 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08
B,C
Hydrogen, max 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015
Iron, max 0.20 0.30 0.30 0.50 0.40 0.50 0.30 0.25 0.20 0.30
Oxygen, max 0.18 0.25 0.35 0.40 0.20 0.20 0.25 0.15 0.18 0.25
Aluminum . . . . 5.5–6.75 4.0–6.0 . 2.5–3.5 . .
Vanadium . . . . 3.5–4.5 . . 2.0–3.0 . .
Tin . . . . . 2.0–3.0 . . . .
Ruthenium . . . . . . . . . .
Palladium . . . . . . 0.12–0.25 . 0.12–0.25 .
Cobalt . . . . . . . . . .
Molybdenum . . . . . . . . . 0.2–0.4
Chromium . . . . . . . . . .
Nickel . . . . . . . . . 0.6–0.9
Niobium . . . . . . . . . .
Zirconium . . . . . . . . . .
Silicon . . . . . . . . . .
D,E,F
Residuals, 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
max each
D,E,F
Residuals, 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4
max total
G
Titanium balance balance balance balance balance balance balance balance balance balance
Composition, %
Element
F-13 F-14 F-15 F-16 F-17 F-18 F-19 F-20 F-21 F-23
Nitrogen, max 0.03 0.03 0.05 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03
Carbon, max 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.08
B,C
Hydrogen, max 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.02 0.02 0.015 0.0125
Iron, max 0.20 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.30 0.40 0.25
Oxygen, max 0.10 0.15 0.25 0.25 0.18 0.15 0.12 0.12 0.17 0.13
Aluminum . . . . . 2.5–3.5 3.0–4.0 3.0–4.0 2.5–3.5 5.5–6.5
Vanadium . . . . . 2.0–3.0 7.5–8.5 7.5–8.5 . 3.5–4.5
Tin . . . . . . . . . .
Ruthenium 0.04–0.06 0.04–0.06 0.04–0.06 . . . . . . .
Palladium . . . 0.04–0.08 0.04–0.08 0.04–0.08 . 0.04–0.08 . .
Cobalt . . . . . . . . . .
Molybdenum . . . . . . 3.5–4.5 3.5–4.5 14.0–16.0 .
Chromium . . . . . . 5.5–6.5 5.5–6.5 . .
Nickel 0.04–0.06 0.04–0.06 0.04–0.06 . . . . . . .
Niobium . . . . . . . . 2.2–3.2 .
Zirconium . . . . . . 3.5–4.5 3.5–4.5 . .
Silicon . . . . . . . . 0.15–0.25 .
D,E,F
Residuals, max 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.15 0.15 0.1 0.1
each
D,E,F
Residuals, max 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4
total
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
B 381
Composition, %
Element
F-13 F-14 F-15 F-16 F-17 F-18 F-19 F-20 F-21 F-23
G
Titanium balance balance balance balance balance balance balance balance balance balance
Composition, %
Element
F-24 F-25 F-26 F-27 F-28
Nitrogen, max 0.05 0.05 0.03 0.03 0.03
Carbon, max 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08
B,C
Hydrogen, max 0.015 0.0125 0.015 0.015 0.015
Iron, max 0.40 0.40 0.30 0.20 0.25
Oxygen, max 0.20 0.20 0.25 0.18 0.15
Aluminum 5.5–6.75 5.5–6.75 . . 2.5–3.5
Vanadium 3.5–4.5 3.5–4.5 . . 2.0–3.0
Tin . . .
Ruthenium . . 0.08-0.14 0.08-0.14 0.08–0.14
Palladium 0.04–0.08 0.04–0.08 . . .
Cobalt . . . . .
Molybdenum . . . . .
Chromium . . . . .
Nickel . 0.3–0.8 . . .
Niobium . . . . .
Zirconium . . . . .
Silicon . . . . .
D,E,F
Residuals, max 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
each
D,E,F
Residuals, max 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4
total
G
Titanium balance balance balance balance balance
Composition, %
Element
F-29 F-30 F-31 F-32 F-33 F-34
Nitrogen, max 0.03 0.03 0.05 0.03 0.03 0.05
Carbon, max 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08
B,C
Hydrogen, max 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015
Iron, max 0.25 0.30 0.30 0.25 0.30 0.30
Oxygen, max 0.13 0.25 0.35 0.11 0.25 0.35
Aluminum 5.5–6.5 . . 4.5-5.5 . .
Vanadium 3.5–4.5 . . 0.6-1.4 . .
Tin . . . 0.6-1.4 . .
Ruthenium 0.08–0.14 . . . 0.02-0.04 0.02-0.04
Palladium . 0.04–0.08 0.04–0.08 . 0.01-0.02 0.01-0.02
Cobalt . 0.20–0.80 0.20–0.80 . . .
Molybdenum . . . 0.6-1.2 . .
Chromium . . . . 0.1-0.2 0.1-0.2
Nickel . . . . 0.35-0.55 0.35-0.55
Niobium . . . . . .
Zirconium . . . 0.6-1.4 . .
Silicon . . . 0.06-0.14 . .
D,E,F
Residuals, max 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
each
D,E,F
Residuals, max 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4
total
G
Titanium balance balance balance balance Remainder Remainder
A
Analysis shall be completed for all elements listed in this table for each grade. The analysis results for the elements not quantified in the table need not be reported
unless the concentration level is greater than 0.1 % each or 0.4 % total.
B
Lower hydrogen may be obtained by negotiation with the manufacturer.
C
Final product analysis.
D
Need not be reported.
E
A residual is an element present in a metal or an alloy in small quantities and is inherent to the manufacturing process but not added intentionally. In titanium these
elements include aluminum, vanadium, tin, chromium, molybdenum, niobium, zirconium, hafnium, bismuth, ruthenium, palladium, yttrium, copper, silicon, cobalt, tantalum,
nickel, boron, mang
...