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ASTM D8023-17

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Round Wood Dowels (Pegs) for Use in Wood Construction

Standard Specification for Round Wood Dowels (Pegs) for Use in Wood Construction

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers standardizing the dimensions and materials for the manufacture of round wood dowels (pegs) used in the fabrication of connections in wood construction. The referencing of this specification in design, construction, and purchase order documents is intended to provide some assurance that the round wood dowels to be used in an assembly meet minimum materials quality standards and that dimensions for fabrication and finish can be relied on to ensure connection performance. This specification provides regulatory agencies with a set of standards by which to judge the acceptability of round wood dowels encountered in the field and in fabricators’ shops.  
1.2 This specification only addresses the standardization and manufacture of round wood dowels. Other types of wood dowels, such as sawn or cleaved pegs, are outside the scope of this specification.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.  
1.4 Safety Hazards—There are no known hazards with the use of this specification. The products manufactured to this specification should not be brittle or difficult to install with proper tools.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Sep-2017
ICS
79.080 - Semi-manufactures of timber
Technical Committee
D07 - Wood
Drafting Committee
D07.05 - Wood Assemblies
Current Stage
Ref Project

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ASTM D8023-17 - Standard Specification for Round Wood Dowels (Pegs) for Use in Wood ConstructionASTM D8023-17 - Standard Specification for Round Wood Dowels (Pegs) for Use in Wood Construction
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ASTM D8023-17 - Standard Specification for Round Wood Dowels (Pegs) for Use in Wood Construction
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D8023 − 17
Standard Specification for
1
Round Wood Dowels (Pegs) for Use in Wood Construction
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D8023; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D2395 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Rela-
tive Density) of Wood and Wood-Based Materials
1.1 This specification covers standardizing the dimensions
E176 Terminology of Fire Standards
and materials for the manufacture of round wood dowels (pegs)
3
2.2 Other Standards:
used in the fabrication of connections in wood construction.
NDS National Design Specification for Wood Construction
The referencing of this specification in design, construction,
and purchase order documents is intended to provide some
3. Terminology
assurance that the round wood dowels to be used in an
3.1 Definitions—Definitions used in this practice are in
assembly meet minimum materials quality standards and that
accordance with Terminology D9 and Terminology E176,
dimensions for fabrication and finish can be relied on to ensure
unless otherwise indicated.
connection performance. This specification provides regulatory
agencies with a set of standards by which to judge the
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
acceptability of round wood dowels encountered in the field
3.2.1 round wood dowel—a cylindrical turned wood dowel.
and in fabricators’ shops.
3.2.1.1 Discussion—Wood dowels may be chamfered (or
1.2 This specification only addresses the standardization
rounded) at either or both ends, to facilitate installation and
and manufacture of round wood dowels. Other types of wood
give a more finished appearance when left protruding from the
dowels, such as sawn or cleaved pegs, are outside the scope of
connected timber member surfaces.
this specification.
3.2.2 wood dowel (peg)—A cylindrical, turned, sawn, or
cleaved load-transfer device, intended to transfer shear across
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
planes between wood structural members that have been drilled
as standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.
with holes to accept the wood dowels (pegs).
1.4 Safety Hazards—There are no known hazards with the
use of this specification. The products manufactured to this
4. Classification
specification should not be brittle or difficult to install with
4.1 This specification covers round wood dowels in diam-
proper tools.
1
eters from ⁄2 in. (12.5 mm) to 2 in. (51 mm). The use of these
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
wood dowels is covered in wood design standards.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
5. Materials and Manufacture
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
5.1 General:
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
5.1.1 Wood dowels shall be fabricated to ensure that the
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
wood fibers are aligned with the longitudinal axis of the dowel.
5.1.2 Wood dowels shall be fabricated from any species of
2. Referenced Documents
wood that has an oven dry specific gravity of at least 0.57,
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
determined in accordance with Test Method D2395. Wood
D9 Terminology Relating to Wood and Wood-Based Prod-
dowels provided under a species designation shall be fabricated
ucts
from material that has a minimum oven dry specific gravity of
not less than 98% of the NDS specific gravity value for that
species designation.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D07 on Wood
5.1.3 Wood dowels shall be fabricated from wood that has
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D07.05 on Wood Assemblies.
been air-dried or kiln-dried to approximately constant weight
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2017. Published October 2017. DOI: 10.1520/
before fabrication.
D8023-17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from the American Wood Council, 222 Catoctin Circle SE, Suite 201,
the ASTM website. Leesburg, VA 20175.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D8023 − 17
FIG. 1 Round Wood Dowel
5.1.4 Wood dowels shall be protected with a treatment of 5.2.4 Shakes, checks, and splits shall not be permitted in the
paraffin wax, o
...

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ASTM D8023-23(Specification)
Standard Specification for Round Wood Dowels (Pegs) for Use in Wood Construction

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the dimensions and materials for the manufacture of round wood dowels (pegs) used in the fabrication of connections in wood construction. The round wood dowels shall have diameters from 1/2 in. (12.5 mm) to 2 in. (51 mm). Diameters shall not be more than 2% oversize, nor less than 1% undersize, and shall not vary, along a wood dowel length (other than deliberate chamfer) more than 1%. Wood dowels shall be fabricated to ensure that the wood fibers are aligned with the longitudinal axis of the dowel. They shall be fabricated from any species of wood that has an oven dry specific gravity of at least 0.57; from wood that has been air-dried or kiln-dried to approximately constant weight before fabrication; and from clear, straight-grained timber free from any form of decay. Furthermore, wood dowels shall be protected with a treatment of paraffin wax, or similar sealing substance capable of inhibiting the absorption of moisture from the atmosphere.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers standardizing the dimensions and materials for the manufacture of round wood dowels (pegs) used in the fabrication of connections in wood construction. The referencing of this specification in design, construction, and purchase order documents is intended to provide some assurance that the round wood dowels to be used in an assembly meet minimum materials-quality standards and that dimensions for fabrication and finish can be relied on to ensure connection performance. This specification provides regulatory agencies with a set of standards by which to judge the acceptability of round wood dowels encountered in the field and in fabricators’ shops.  
1.2 This specification only addresses the standardization and manufacture of round wood dowels. Other types of wood dowels, such as sawn or cleaved pegs, are outside the scope of this specification.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 Safety Hazards—There are no known hazards with the use of this specification. The products manufactured to this specification should not be brittle or difficult to install with proper tools.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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This specification covers the procedure for testing and evaluating duration of load and creep effects of wood and wood-based materials relative to an accepted duration of load adjustment model. This specification is proposed for use for products that are covered by a consensus standard such as lumber, structural composite lumber and structural use panels. The procedure covered in this specification, however, is not intended to evaluate performance of products under impact loading.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification provides a procedure for testing and evaluating duration of load and creep effects of wood and wood-based materials relative to an accepted duration of load adjustment model. This specification was created for products that are currently covered by a consensus standard (for example, lumber, structural composite lumber, and structural-use panels). This procedure is intended to demonstrate the engineering equivalence to the duration of load and creep effects of visually graded lumber as specified in Practice D245 for a product under evaluation used in dry service conditions. This procedure is not intended to evaluate the performance of products under impact loading. Quantification of specific duration of load or creep factors is beyond the scope of this specification. For further guidance regarding the applicability of this specification refer to X1.1 in the Commentary.  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 The test methods presented herein are intended to provide both a factual and comparative means of appraising the suitability of finish flooring. The procedures developed simulate some conditions of use that may require either maintenance beyond that considered normal or replacement of the floor surface material.  
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SCOPE
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Section  
Loading Tests  
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Falling-Ball Indentation  
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Rolling Load  
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Mechanical Tests  
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SCOPE
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1.2 This specification is not intended for preused piles unless the piles have the quality specified by this specification and design stresses equal to or greater than those derived from Method D2899.  
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This specification presents the standard procedures for establishing the performance rating of wood-plastic composite (WPC) deck boards and guardrail systems (guards or handrails). The purpose of this specification is to establish the basis for code recognition of these products or systems in exterior applications where combustible construction is allowed. The general requirements foe these products shall be dictated by their performance in the following test methods: flesural tests; temperature and moisture effects; ultraviolet resistance test; freeze-thaw resistance test; biodeterioration tests; and fire performance tests. Deck boards shall additionally examined by: creep-recovery test; determination of unadjusted allowable load; mechanical fastener holding tests; and slip resistance test. In the same manner, guards and handrails shall additionally be analyzed through concentrated load tests, and one- and two-family dwelling requirements.
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1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 Table of Contents:    
Section  
Scope  
1  
Referenced Documents  
2  
Terminology  
3  
General Requirements  
4  
Sampling  
4.1  
Sample Size  
4.2  
Conditioning  
4.3  
Flexural Tests  
4.4  
Temperature and Moisture Effects  
4.5  
Ultraviolet (UV) Resistance Test  
4.6  
Freeze-Thaw Resistance Test  
4.7  
Biodeterioration Tests  
4.8  
Fire Performance Tests  
4.9  
Deck Board Performance Requirements  
5  
General  
5.1  
Flexural Performance Tests  
5.2  
Determination of the Unadjusted Allowable Load  
5.3  
Creep-Recovery Test  
5.4  
Mechanical Fastener Holding Tests  
5.5  
Slip Resistance Test  
5.6  
Guard and Handrail Performance Requirements  
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General  
6.1  
Guardrail System Test Requirements  
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4.1 Test Methods E119, E1529, and other standard fire resistance test methods specify that throughout the fire-resistance test, a constant superimposed load shall be applied to a load-bearing test specimen to simulate a maximum allowable load condition. This superimposed load shall be the maximum load allowed by design under nationally recognized structural design criteria for the tested floor configuration (that is, joist selection, spacing, and span).  
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SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers procedures for calculating the superimposed load required to be applied to load-bearing wood-frame floor-ceiling assemblies throughout standard fire-resistance tests.  
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1.3 This practice is only applicable to those wood-frame floor-ceiling assemblies for which the nationally recognized structural design criteria are contained in the National Design Specification for Wood Construction (NDS).  
1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
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Standard Practice for Field Calibration and Application of Hand-Held Moisture Meters

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4.1 Hand-held meters provide a rapid means of sampling moisture content of wood-based materials during and after processing to maintain quality assurance and compliance with standards. However, these measurements are inferential; that is, electrical parameters are measured and compared against a calibration to obtain an indirect measure of moisture content. The electrical measurements are influenced by actual moisture content, a number of other wood variables, environmental conditions, geometry of the measuring probe circuitry, and design of the meter. The maximum accuracy can only be obtained by an awareness of the effect of each parameter on the meter output and correction of readings as specified by these test methods. Appendix X1 is a commentary that provides explanation of the mandatory sections and discussion of historical practices. Appendix X2 addresses the influence of process and wood variables.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This practice applies to the measurement of moisture content of solid wood, including solid wood products containing additives, that is, chemicals or adhesives, by hand-held moisture meters under conditions of end-use.  
1.1.1 This practice includes calibration, use, and interpretation of meters for conditions that relate to wood product characteristics, such as nonuniform grain and growth ring orientation, and to end-use process conditions, such as moisture gradients.  
1.1.2 Meters employing differing technologies will not necessarily provide equivalent readings under the same conditions. When this practice has been applied, it is assumed that the referenced meter is acceptable unless otherwise specified. Meters shall have been calibrated by Test Methods D4444.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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Standard Test Methods for Evaluating Side-Bonding Potential of Wood Coatings

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4.1 This test method was originally designed as a means of quantitatively measuring the level of adhesion of the wood-wood interface caused by a wood coatings system applied to the substrate. The tensile test is useful in measuring bonding strength of coatings, such as gymnasium coatings, in which the wood strip flooring primarily expands or contracts in response to changes across the cross-sectional width of the strip floor.  
4.2 This test method was further designed as a means of measuring the side-bonding potential of wood coating systems.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods describe an evaluation procedure for the determination of undesirable side-bonding of coatings for wood flooring. They provide two mechanical properties tests for the quantitative determination of the cohesive strength of wood coatings (tensile and lap shear).  
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This specification gives procedures for establishing, monitoring, and reevaluating structural capacities of prefabricated wood I-joists. Capacities considered are shear, moment, and stiffness. Procedures for establishing common details are given and certain design considerations specific to wood I-joists are itemized. Qualification is required for certain common details of I-joist application since they often influence structural capacities. All capacities are to be reported with three significant digits. Shear capacity qualification, moment capacity qualification, end joint qualification, stiffness capacity and creep qualification, and details of end use shall be established to meet the requirements prescribed. Design values are determined from the analysis and capacities as specified. The bearing capacity and regarded solid sawn lumber flanges shall be reevaluated to meet the requirements prescribed. The shear and flange material, and empirical moment capacity shall be tested to meet the requirements prescribed.
SCOPE
1.1 General—This specification gives procedures for establishing, monitoring, and reevaluating structural capacities of prefabricated wood I-joists. Capacities considered are shear, reaction, moment, and stiffness. Procedures for establishing common details are given and certain design considerations specific to wood I-joists are itemized.  
1.2 Contents of the Standard—An index and brief description of the main features of this specification are given in X2.1.1.  
1.3 Development of the Standard—The development and intent of this specification is discussed in Appendix X2.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. A specific precautionary statement is given in 6.1.1.5.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 The procedures described in this practice are intended to be used to establish appropriate allowable unit stresses, moduli of elasticity, and specific gravity for mechanically graded solid sawn lumber. An on-going quality control program to monitor compliance with the assigned grade properties is required.
SCOPE
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1.2 This practice acknowledges alternative methods for the assignment of specific properties. These methods are assignment by test, relationship to other properties, and by procedures in other appropriate standards.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. When there are values given in parentheses, these are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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