ASTM D852-13
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Solidification Point of Benzene
Standard Test Method for Solidification Point of Benzene
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method may be used as a criteria for determining the purity of benzene. The closer the solidification point reaches that of pure benzene, the purer the sample.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the solidification point of benzene.
1.2 In determining the conformance of the test results using this method to applicable specifications, results shall be rounded off in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 7.
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Designation:D852 −13
StandardTest Method for
1
Solidification Point of Benzene
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D852; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the solidi-
2.2 Other Document:
fication point of benzene.
OSHA Regulations, 29 CFR paragraphs 1910.1000 and
1.2 In determining the conformance of the test results using
3
1910.1200
this method to applicable specifications, results shall be
rounded off in accordance with the rounding-off method of
3. Terminology
Practice E29.
3.1 Definitions:
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
3.1.1 solidification point, n—an empirical constant defined
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
as the temperature at which the liquid phase of a substance is
standard.
in approximate equilibrium with a relatively small portion of
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
the solid phase.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.1.1 Discussion—Solidification point is distinguished
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
from freezing point which is described in Test Method D1015.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
An interpretation of mol percent purity in terms of freezing
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard
point is given in Test Method D1016.
statements, see Section 7.
4. Summary of Test Method
2. Referenced Documents
4.1 Solidification point is measured by noting the maximum
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
temperature reached during a controlled cooling cycle after the
D1015 Test Method for Freezing Points of High-Purity
appearance of a solid phase.
Hydrocarbons
D1016 Test Method for Purity of Hydrocarbons from Freez-
5. Significance and Use
ing Points
5.1 This test method may be used as a criteria for determin-
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
ing the purity of benzene. The closer the solidification point
D3437 Practice for Sampling and Handling Liquid Cyclic
reaches that of pure benzene, the purer the sample.
Products
D6809 Guide for Quality Control and Quality Assurance
6. Apparatus
Procedures for Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Related Ma-
6.1 Benzene Container (Air Jacketed):
terials
6.1.1 Inner Container,atesttube15mminoutsidediameter
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
and 125 mm in length.
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
6.1.2 Air Jacket, a standard test tube 25 mm in outside
Determine Conformance with Specifications
diameter and 150 mm in length.
6.1.3 Insulation—Dry absorbent cotton or glass wool.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D16 on
6.2 Benzene Container (thick walled), a glass test tube 18
Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Related Chemicals and is the direct responsibility of
mminoutsidediameter,14mmininsidediameterand150mm
Subcommittee D16.01 on Benzene, Toluene, Xylenes, Cyclohexane and Their
in length. The thick walled tube is only compatible with the
Derivatives.
Current edition approved July 1, 2013. Published August 2013. Originally
thermistor.
approved in 1945. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D852 – 08. DOI:
10.1520/D0852-13.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
3
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM AvailablefromU.S.GovernmentPrintingOfficeSuperintendentofDocuments,
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401, http://
the ASTM website. www.access.gpo.gov.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D852−13
FIG. 1Benzene Solidification Point Apparatus Set Up
6.3 Ice Bath, a 1-L beaker, or similar suitable container, 6.5.2 Thermistor, in stainless steel housing with resistance
having an effective depth of at least 127 mm and filled with greater than 2K ohms at 25°C. Calibration accuracy 0.01°C.
chipped or shaved ice. Drift in resistance equivalent to less than 60.01°C/year.
4
Thermistor shall be calibrated to cover the range it is used.
6.4 Stirrer, consisting of a 1-mm wire (copper or stainless
steel) or a 2-mm glass rod with one end bent into a circular
6.6 Stirring Apparatus (Optional), the
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D852 − 08 D852 − 13
Standard Test Method for
1
Solidification Point of Benzene
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D852; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the solidification point of benzene.
1.2 In determining the conformance of the test results using this method to applicable specifications, results shall be rounded
off in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 7.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1015 Test Method for Freezing Points of High-Purity Hydrocarbons
D1016 Test Method for Purity of Hydrocarbons from Freezing Points
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D3437 Practice for Sampling and Handling Liquid Cyclic Products
D6809 Guide for Quality Control and Quality Assurance Procedures for Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Related Materials
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
2.2 Other Document:
3
OSHA Regulations, 29 CFR paragraphs 1910.1000 and 1910.1200
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 solidification point, n—an empirical constant defined as the temperature at which the liquid phase of a substance is in
approximate equilibrium with a relatively small portion of the solid phase.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D16 on Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Related Chemicals and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D16.01 on Benzene, Toluene, Xylenes, Cyclohexane and Their Derivatives.
Current edition approved July 15, 2008July 1, 2013. Published August 2008August 2013. Originally approved in 1945. Last previous edition approved in 20022008 as
D852 – 02.D852 – 08. DOI: 10.1520/D0852-08.10.1520/D0852-13.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents, 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401, http://
www.access.gpo.gov.
3.1.1.1 Discussion—
Solidification point is distinguished from freezing point which is described in Test Method D1015. An interpretation of mol percent
purity in terms of freezing point is given in Test Method D1016.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 Solidification point is measured by noting the maximum temperature reached during a controlled cooling cycle after the
appearance of a solid phase.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D852 − 13
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This test method may be used as a criteria for determining the purity of benzene. The closer the solidification point reaches
that of pure benzene, the purer the sample.
6. Apparatus
6.1 Benzene Container (Air Jacketed):
6.1.1 Inner Container, a test tube 15 mm in outside diameter and 125 mm in length.
6.1.2 Air Jacket, a standard test tube 25 mm in outside diameter and 150 mm in length.
6.1.3 Insulation—Dry absorbent cotton or glass wool.
6.2 Benzene Container (thick walled), a glass test tube 18 mm in outside diameter, 14 mm in inside diameter and 150 mm in
length. The thick walled tube is only compatible with the thermistor.
6.3 Ice Bath, a 1-L beaker, or similar suitable container, having an effective depth of at least 127 mm and filled with chipped
or shaved ice.
6.4 Stirrer, consisting of a 1-mm wire (copper or stainless steel) or a 2-mm glass rod
...
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