ASTM A295/A295M-14
(Specification)Standard Specification for High-Carbon Anti-Friction Bearing Steel
Standard Specification for High-Carbon Anti-Friction Bearing Steel
ABSTRACT
This specification covers high-carbon bearing-quality steel to be used in the manufacture of anti-friction bearings. Materials shall conform to chemical compositions as specified herein, and to physical size and shape as agreed upon between the manufacturer and purchaser. Steels shall exhibit fine fracture grain size when quenched from normal austenitizing temperatures. Decarburization and surface imperfections shall not exceed the limits also specified herein. When annealing is specified in the order, the steel shall adhere to hardness requirements and have a completely spheroidized microstructure, which shall accordingly be rated and reported as carbide size, carbide network, and lamellar content.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers high-carbon bearing-quality steel to be used in the manufacture of anti-friction bearings.
1.2 Supplementary requirements of an optional nature are provided and when desired shall be so stated in the order.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
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Designation: A295/A295M −14
Standard Specification for
1
High-Carbon Anti-Friction Bearing Steel
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA295/A295M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
3
1. Scope* 2.2 ISO Document:
ISO 683, Part 17 Ball and Roller Bearing Steels
1.1 This specification covers high-carbon bearing-quality
steel to be used in the manufacture of anti-friction bearings.
3. Ordering Information
1.2 Supplementary requirements of an optional nature are
3.1 Orders for material under this specification should
provided and when desired shall be so stated in the order.
include the following information:
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
3.1.1 Quantity,
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
3.1.2 Grade identification,
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
3.1.3 Specification designation and year of issue,
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
3.1.4 Dimensions, and
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
3.1.5 Supplementary requirements, if included.
with the standard.
4. Process
2. Referenced Documents
4.1 The steel shall be made by a process that is capable of
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
providing a high quality product meeting the requirements of
A29/A29M SpecificationforGeneralRequirementsforSteel
this specification.
Bars, Carbon and Alloy, Hot-Wrought
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
5. Chemical Composition and Analysis
of Steel Products
5.1 Typical examples of chemical compositions are shown
A751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemi-
in Table 1. Other compositions may be specified.
cal Analysis of Steel Products
A892 Guide for Defining and Rating the Microstructure of 5.2 An analysis of each heat of steel shall be made by the
High Carbon Bearing Steels steel manufacturer in accordance withTest Methods, Practices,
E45 Test Methods for Determining the Inclusion Content of and Terminology A751. The chemical composition thus deter-
mined shall conform to the requirements specified in Table 1
Steel
E112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size for the ordered grade or to other requirements agreed upon
between manufacturer and purchaser.
E381 Method of Macroetch Testing Steel Bars, Billets,
Blooms, and Forgings
5.3 Product analysis may be made by the purchaser in
E1019 Test Methods for Determination of Carbon, Sulfur,
accordance with Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology
Nitrogen, and Oxygen in Steel, Iron, Nickel, and Cobalt
A751. Permissible variations in product analysis shall be in
Alloys by Various Combustion and Fusion Techniques
accordance with Specification A29/A29M.
E1077 Test Methods for Estimating the Depth of Decarbur-
ization of Steel Specimens
6. Sizes, Shapes, and Dimensional Tolerances
6.1 The physical size and shape of the material shall be
1 agreed upon between manufacturer and purchaser.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
6.2 Dimensional tolerances for hot-rolled or hot-rolled and
A01.28 on Bearing Steels.
annealed bars, in straight lengths or coils, and cold-finished
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2014. Published November 2014. Originally
approved in 1946. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as A295/A295M – 09.
bars0.500in.[12.5mm]andlargerindiameterfurnishedunder
DOI: 10.1520/A0295_A0295M-14.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1, ch. de
the ASTM website. la Voie-Creuse, CP 56, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland, http://www.iso.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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A295/A295M − 14
A,B
TABLE 1 Composition
C D
Name C Mn P (max) S (max) Si Cr Ni (max) Mo Cu (max) O (max) Al (max)
E
52100 0.93-1.05 0.25-0.45 0.025 0.015 0.15-0.35 1.35-1.60 0.25 0.10 (max) 0.30 0.0015 0.050
5195 0.90-1.03 0.75-1.00 0.025 0.015 0.15-0.35 0.70-0.90 0.25 0.10 (max) 0.30 0.0015 0.050
5090M 0.89-1.01 0.50-0.80 0.025 0.015 0.15-0.35 0.40-0.60 0.25 0.08-0.15 0.30 0.0015 0
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: A295/A295M − 09 A295/A295M − 14
Standard Specification for
1
High-Carbon Anti-Friction Bearing Steel
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A295/A295M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers high-carbon bearing-quality steel to be used in the manufacture of anti-friction bearings.
1.2 Supplementary requirements of an optional nature are provided and when desired shall be so stated in the order.
1.3 The values stated in either inch-poundSI units or SIinch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values
stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A29/A29M Specification for General Requirements for Steel Bars, Carbon and Alloy, Hot-Wrought
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
A751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
A892 Guide for Defining and Rating the Microstructure of High Carbon Bearing Steels
E45 Test Methods for Determining the Inclusion Content of Steel
E112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size
E381 Method of Macroetch Testing Steel Bars, Billets, Blooms, and Forgings
E1019 Test Methods for Determination of Carbon, Sulfur, Nitrogen, and Oxygen in Steel, Iron, Nickel, and Cobalt Alloys by
Various Combustion and Fusion Techniques
E1077 Test Methods for Estimating the Depth of Decarburization of Steel Specimens
3
2.2 OtherISO Document:
ISO 683, Part 17 Ball and Roller Bearing Steels
3. Ordering Information
3.1 Orders for material under this specification should include the following information:
3.1.1 Quantity,
3.1.2 Grade identification,
3.1.3 Specification designation and year of issue,
3.1.4 Dimensions, and
3.1.5 Supplementary requirements, if included.
4. Process
4.1 The steel shall be made by a process that is capable of providing a high quality product meeting the requirements of this
specification.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.28
on Bearing Steels.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2009Oct. 1, 2014. Published November 2009November 2014. Originally approved in 1946. Last previous edition approved in 20052009
as A295/A295M – 05.A295/A295M – 09. DOI: 10.1520/A0295_A0295M-09. 10.1520/A0295_A0295M-14.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1 rue de Varembé, Case postale 56, CH-1211, Geneva 20, Switzerland.1, ch. de la Voie-Creuse, CP
56, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland, http://www.iso.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A295/A295M − 14
5. Chemical Composition and Analysis
5.1 Typical examples of chemical compositions are shown in Table 1. Other compositions may be specified.
5.2 An analysis of each heat of steel shall be made by the steel manufacturer in accordance with Test Methods, Practices, and
Terminology A751. The chemical composition thus determined shall conform to the requirements specified in Table 1 for the
ordered grade or to other requirements agreed upon between manufacturer and purchaser.
5.3 Product analysis may be made by the purchaser in accordance with Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology A751.
Permissible variations in product analysis shall be in accordance with Specification A29/A29M.
6. Sizes, Shapes, and Dimensional Tolerances
6.1 The physical size and shape of the material shall be agreed upon between manufacturer and purchaser.
6.2 Dimensional tolerances for hot-rolled or hot-rolled and annealed bars, in straight lengths
...
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