ASTM D7428-15

Standard Test Method for Resistance of Fine Aggregate to Degradation by Abrasion in the Micro-Deval Apparatus

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The Micro-Deval abrasion test is a test of fine aggregate to determine abrasion loss in the presence of water and an abrasive charge. Many aggregates are more susceptible to abrasion when wet than dry, and the use of water in this test incorporates this reduction in resistance to degradation. The test results are helpful in evaluating the toughness/abrasion resistance of fine aggregate subject to abrasion when adequate information is not available from service records. This test is suitable for measuring the amount of weak, soft material such as shale or shaley carbonate in fine aggregate. Materials that give a low loss in this test are unlikely to exhibit significant degradation during handling, mixing or placing. There is a relationship between drying shrinkage of cement mortar and Micro-Deval abrasion loss of fine aggregate, with higher loss materials resulting in higher drying shrinkage. Descriptions of the development of the test and the relationship with other properties have been published.3,4,5  
5.2 The Micro-Deval abrasion test on fine aggregate is useful for detecting changes in properties of aggregate produced from an aggregate source as part of a quality control or quality assurance process.  
5.3 The Micro-Deval abrasion test on fine aggregate, in contrast to the version on coarse aggregate, has a significant correlation with the Magnesium Sulfate soundness loss of fine aggregate. The Micro-Deval test on fine aggregate has better precision than the sulfate soundness test, is quicker, and may be used in place of that test. Advice on specific values for selection of aggregate will be found in the appendix.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for testing fine aggregate for resistance to abrasion using the Micro-Deval apparatus.  
1.2 The text of this method references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the test method.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Dec-2014
• ICS: 91.100.30 - Concrete and concrete products
• Technical Committee: D04 - Road and Paving Materials
• Drafting Committee: D04.51 - Aggregate Tests

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D7428 − 15
Standard Test Method for
Resistance of Fine Aggregate to Degradation by Abrasion in
1
the Micro-Deval Apparatus
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7428; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope C670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements
for Test Methods for Construction Materials
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for testing fine
D6928 Test Method for Resistance of Coarse Aggregate to
aggregate for resistance to abrasion using the Micro-Deval
Degradation by Abrasion in the Micro-Deval Apparatus
apparatus.
E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test
1.2 The text of this method references notes and footnotes
Sieves
which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered
3. Terminology
as requirements of the test method.
3.1 Definitions:
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
3.1.1 constant mass, n—the condition of a test sample dried
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
at a temperature of 110 6 5°C such that it will not lose more
standard.
than 0.1 % moisture after 2 h of drying.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the 3.1.1.1 Discussion—Such a condition of dryness can be
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the verified by determining the mass of the sample before and after
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- successive 2-h drying periods. In lieu of such a determination,
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- samples may be considered to have reached constant mass
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. when they have been dried at a temperature of 110 6 5°C for
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor- an equal or longer period than that previously found adequate
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- for producing the desired constant mass condition under equal
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the or heavier loading conditions of the oven.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical 4. Summary of Test Method
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
4.1 The Micro-Deval Test is a measure of abrasion resis-
tance and durability of mineral aggregates resulting from a
2. Referenced Documents
combination of actions including abrasion and grinding with
2
2.1 ASTM Standards: steel balls in the presence of water. A 500-g sample with
C88 Test Method for Soundness of Aggregates by Use of standard grading is initially soaked in water for not less than
one hour. The sample is then placed in a jar mill with 0.75 L of
Sodium Sulfate or Magnesium Sulfate
C117 Test Method for Materials Finer than 75-µm (No. 200) water and an abrasive charge consisting of 1250 g of 9.5-mm
diameter steel balls. The jar, aggregate, water, and charge are
Sieve in Mineral Aggregates by Washing
C136 Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Fine and Coarse revolved at 100 rpm for 15 minutes. The sample is then washed
and oven dried. The loss is the amount of material passing the
Aggregates
75 µm sieve expressed as a percent by mass of the original
sample.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road
5. Significance and Use
and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.51 on
Aggregate Tests.
5.1 The Micro-Deval abrasion test is a test of fine aggregate
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2015. Published February 2015. Originally
ε1
to determine abrasion loss in the presence of water and an
approved in 2008. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D7428 – 08 . DOI:
10.1520/D7428-15.
abrasive charge. Many aggregates are more susceptible to
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
abrasion when wet than dry, and the use of water in this test
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
incorporates this reduction in resistance to degradation. The
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. test results are helpful in evaluating the toughness/abrasion
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7428 − 15
resistance of fine aggregate subject to abrasion when adequate 6.4 Sieves, with square openings, and of the following sizes
inf
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: D7428 − 08 D7428 − 15
Standard Test Method for
Resistance of Fine Aggregate to Degradation by Abrasion in
1
the Micro-Deval Apparatus
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7428; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—Research report footnote was added editorially to Section 13 in March 2009.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for testing fine aggregate for resistance to abrasion using the Micro-Deval apparatus.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.2 The text of this method references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the test method.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C88 Test Method for Soundness of Aggregates by Use of Sodium Sulfate or Magnesium Sulfate
C117 Test Method for Materials Finer than 75-μm (No. 200) Sieve in Mineral Aggregates by Washing
C136 Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Fine and Coarse Aggregates
C670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements for Test Methods for Construction Materials
D6928 Test Method for Resistance of Coarse Aggregate to Degradation by Abrasion in the Micro-Deval Apparatus
E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test Sieves
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 constant mass, n—the condition of a test sample dried at a temperature of 110 6 5°C such that it will not lose more than
0.1 % moisture after 2 h of drying.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.51 on Aggregate
Tests.
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2008Jan. 1, 2015. Published March 2008February 2015. Originally approved in 2008. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as
ε1
D7428 – 08 . DOI: 10.1520/D7428-08E01.10.1520/D7428-15.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3.1.1.1 Discussion—
Such a condition of dryness can be verified by determining the mass of the sample before and after successive 2-h drying periods.
In lieu of such a determination, samples may be considered to have reached constant mass when they have been dried at a
temperature of 110 6 5°C for an equal or longer period than that previously found adequate for producing the desired constant
mass condition under equal or heavier loading conditions of the oven.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 The Micro-Deval Test is a measure of abrasion resistance and durability of mineral aggregates resulting from a combination
of actions including abrasion and grinding with steel balls in the presence of water. A 500-g sample with standard grading is
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7428 − 15
initially soaked in water for not less than one hour. The sample is then placed in a jar mill with 0.75 L of water and an abrasive
charge consisting of 1250 g of 9.5-mm diameter steel balls. The jar, aggregate, water, and charge are revolved at 100 rpm for 15
minutes. The sample is then washed and oven dried. The loss is the amount of material passing the 75 μm sieve expressed as a
percent by mass of the original sample.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 The Micro-Deval abrasion test is a test of fine aggregate to determine abrasion loss in the presence of water and an abrasive
charge. Many aggregates are more susceptible to abrasion when wet than dry, and the use of water in this test incorporates this
reduction in resistance to degradation. The test results are helpful in evaluating th
...