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ASTM D994/D994M-11(2022)

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Preformed Expansion Joint Filler for Concrete (Bituminous Type)

Standard Specification for Preformed Expansion Joint Filler for Concrete (Bituminous Type)

ABSTRACT
This specification covers bituminous preformed expansion joint filler for use in concrete construction. This product shall consist of a bituminous (asphalt or tar) mastic composition, formed and encased between two layers of bituminous impregnated felt or two layers of glass-fiber felt. The mastic shall comprise mineral fillers and reinforcing fibers and may contain thin strips of reinforcing sheet material. Different test methods shall be performed in order to determine the following properties: distortion at 52°C, brittleness, water absorption, and compression.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers bituminous preformed expansion joint filler for use in concrete construction.  
Note 1: Attention is called to ASTM Specifications D1751 and D1752.  
1.2 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
31-May-2022
ICS
91.100.30 - Concrete and concrete products
Technical Committee
D04 - Road and Paving Materials
Drafting Committee
D04.34 - Preformed Joint Fillers, Sealers and Sealing Systems
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Refers
ASTM C670-24a - Standard Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements for Test Methods for Construction Materials
Effective Date
01-Feb-2024
Refers
ASTM C670-24 - Standard Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements for Test Methods for Construction Materials
Effective Date
01-Jan-2024
Refers
ASTM D1751-23 - Standard Specification for Preformed Expansion Joint Filler for Concrete Paving and Structural Construction (Nonextruding and Resilient Asphalt Types)
Effective Date
01-Dec-2023
Refers
ASTM D545-23 - Standard Test Methods for Preformed Expansion Joint Fillers for Concrete Construction (Nonextruding and Resilient Types)
Effective Date
01-Dec-2023
Refers
ASTM D545-19 - Standard Test Methods for Preformed Expansion Joint Fillers for Concrete Construction (Nonextruding and Resilient Types)
Effective Date
01-Nov-2019
Refers
ASTM D1751-18 - Standard Specification for Preformed Expansion Joint Filler for Concrete Paving and Structural Construction (Nonextruding and Resilient Bituminous Types)
Effective Date
01-Oct-2018
Refers
ASTM D545-14 - Standard Test Methods for Preformed Expansion Joint Fillers for Concrete Construction (Nonextruding and Resilient Types)
Effective Date
01-Jun-2014
Refers
ASTM D1752-04a(2013) - Standard Specification for Preformed Sponge Rubber Cork and Recycled PVC Expansion Joint Fillers for Concrete Paving and Structural Construction
Effective Date
01-Sep-2013
Refers
ASTM C670-13 - Standard Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements for Test Methods for Construction Materials
Effective Date
01-Jul-2013
Refers
ASTM C670-10 - Standard Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements for Test Methods for Construction Materials
Effective Date
01-Oct-2010
Refers
ASTM D1751-04(2008) - Standard Specification for Preformed Expansion Joint Filler for Concrete Paving and Structural Construction (Nonextruding and Resilient Bituminous Types)
Effective Date
01-Dec-2008
Refers
ASTM D1752-04a(2008) - Standard Specification for Preformed Sponge Rubber Cork and Recycled PVC Expansion Joint Fillers for Concrete Paving and Structural Construction
Effective Date
01-Dec-2008
Refers
ASTM D1751-04(2013)e1 - Standard Specification for Preformed Expansion Joint Filler for Concrete Paving and Structural Construction (Nonextruding and Resilient Bituminous Types)
Effective Date
01-Dec-2008
Refers
ASTM D545-08 - Standard Test Methods for Preformed Expansion Joint Fillers for Concrete Construction (Nonextruding and Resilient Types)
Effective Date
01-Jul-2008
Refers
ASTM D545-99(2005) - Standard Test Methods for Preformed Expansion Joint Fillers for Concrete Construction (Nonextruding and Resilient Types)
Effective Date
15-Jul-2005

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ASTM D994/D994M-11(2022) - Standard Specification for Preformed Expansion Joint Filler for Concrete (Bituminous Type)ASTM D994/D994M-11(2022) - Standard Specification for Preformed Expansion Joint Filler for Concrete (Bituminous Type)
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ASTM D994/D994M-11(2022) - Standard Specification for Preformed Expansion Joint Filler for Concrete (Bituminous Type)
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Standards Content (Sample)


This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D994/D994M −11 (Reapproved 2022)
Standard Specification for
Preformed Expansion Joint Filler for Concrete (Bituminous
Type)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D994/D994M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope 3. Manufacture
1.1 This specification covers bituminous preformed expan- 3.1 This product shall consist of a bituminous (asphalt or
sion joint filler for use in concrete construction. tar) mastic composition, formed and encased between two
layers of bituminous impregnated felt or two layers of glass-
NOTE 1—Attention is called to ASTM Specifications D1751 and
fiber felt. The mastic shall comprise mineral fillers and
D1752.
reinforcing fibers and may contain thin strips of reinforcing
1.2 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-
sheet material.
pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The
values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; 4. General Requirements
therefore,eachsystemshallbeusedindependentlyoftheother.
4.1 Preformedstripsofexpansionjointfillershallbeofsuch
Combining values from the two systems may result in noncon-
character as not to be deformed or broken by ordinary handling
formance with the standard.
when exposed to atmospheric conditions and shall not become
1.3 This international standard was developed in accor-
brittle in cold weather. Pieces of the joint filler that have been
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- damaged shall be rejected.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
5. Properties
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
5.1 Distortion at 50 °C [125 °F]—The joint filler shall not
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
show a deflection of more than 1 in. [25 mm] when tested in
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
accordance with 8.2.1.
2. Referenced Documents
5.2 Brittleness—The joint filler shall not crack or shatter
2.1 ASTM Standards:
when tested in accordance with 8.2.2.
C670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements
NOTE 2—Expansion joint filler having a nominal thickness of 5 mm
for Test Methods for Construction Materials
[ ⁄4 in.] or less shall not be subject to a requirement for brittleness.
D545 Test Methods for Preformed Expansion Joint Fillers
5.3 Water Absorption—The water absorption of the joint
for Concrete Construction (Nonextruding and Resilient
filler, when tested in accordance with 8.2.3, shall not exceed
Types)
the following values:
D1751 Specification for Preformed Expansion Joint Filler
Nominal Thickness of Absorption, max, weight %
for Concrete Paving and Structural Construction (Nonex-
Joint, min, mm [in.]
truding and Resilient Bituminous Types)
25 [1] 2.5
D1752 Specification for Preformed Sponge Rubber, Cork 20 [ ⁄4]3
15 [ ⁄2]4
and Recycled PVC Expansion Joint Fillers for Concrete
10 [ ⁄8]5
Paving and Structural Construction
NOTE 3—Expansion joint filler having a nominal thickness of less than
10 mm [ ⁄8 in.] shall not be subject to a requirement for water absorption.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road
5.4 Compression—The load required to compress the test
and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.34 on
specimen to 50 % of its thickness before test shall not be less
Preformed Joint Fillers, Sealers and Sealing Systems.
Current edition approved June 1, 2022. Published June 2022. Originally
than nor more than the following values when the joint filler is
approved in 1948. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as D994/D994M – 11
tested in accordance with 8.2.4.
(2016). DOI: 10.1520/D0994_D0994M-11R22.
Nominal Thickness of Joint, mm [in.] Load Requirements, min–max. kPa [psi]
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
25 [1] 700–5000 [100–754]
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
20 [ ⁄4 ] 700–6000 [100–841]
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
15 [ ⁄2 ] 700–6500 [100–928]
the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D994/D994M − 11 (2022)
A
TABLE 1 Single-Operator Precision Statements SI Units Only
Property Property as a function of Nominal Thickness
Thickness, Nominal, mm. 25.4 19.1 12.7 9.5 6.4
Distortion, max. mm. 25.4 25.4 25.4 25.4 25.4
Precision, max.accept.range. 2.93 2.30 5.92 6.03 6.84
Brittleness Pass* Pass* Pass* Pass* ----
Precision, max.accept.range ** ** ** ** ----
Water Absorption, wt % max. 2.5 3 4 5 ----
Precision, max.accept.range. 0.057 0.087 0.400 1.187 ----
Compression, kPa, min-max. 690–5200 690–5800 690–6400 ---- ----
Precision, max.accept.range. 204.2 180.1 416.5 ---- ----
Note—Precision, max.accept.range. Per Practice C670, Maximum acceptable range between high and
low individual measurements.
Pass* Not crack or shatter.
** No precision statement is necessary for this attribute.
A
All precision data was derived using inch-pound units.
NOTE 4—Expansion joint filler having a nominal thickness of less than
temperature of 5 6 1 °C [39 to 43 °F] in water for at least 2 h
15 mm [ ⁄2 in.] shall not be subject to a requirement for compression.
before testing. Clamp the specimen between two boards so that
the expansion joint forms a cantilever of 90 mm [3 ⁄2 in.] in
6. Dimensions and Permissible Variations
length and hold in a horizontal position by a suitable rigid
6.1 The preformed strips shall conform to the dimensions
support. Suspend a spherical cast iron ball weighing 0.40 kg
specified or shown on the plans. Strips of the joint filler that do
[0.95 lb] and having a diameter of 50 mm [1 ⁄8 in.] by a cord
not conform to the specified dimensions within the permissible
tied to an eyelet fastened to the ball. For specimens having a
1 1
variations of 61mm[ ⁄16 in.] in thickness, 62mm[ ⁄8 in.] in
thickness of 15 mm [ ⁄16 in.] or less, suspend the ball 300 mm
depth, and 65mm[ ⁄4 in.] in length shall be rejected.
[1 ft] above the center of the projecting portion of the
specimen. For specimens over 15 mm [ ⁄16 in.] in thickness,
7. Sampling
suspendtheball600mm[2ft]abovethespecimen.Releasethe
7.1 Size of Sample—Each sample s
...

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1.2 As used throughout this specification the producer manufactures ready-mixed concrete and the purchaser buys ready-mixed concrete.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units, shown in brackets, or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.4 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the specification.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged use.2)  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM C31/C31M-24a(Practice)
Standard Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Field

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice provides standardized requirements for making, and curing test specimens in the field. This practice also provides requirements for transporting test specimens to the laboratory, and for curing test specimens in the laboratory. Depending on their purpose, test specimens are either standard-cured, or field-cured.  
4.2 Uses of the test results of standard-cured test specimens include the following purposes:  
4.2.1 Acceptance testing for specified concrete strength,  
Note 2: Specification C94/C94M requires compressive-strength test specimens for acceptance to be standard-cured.  
4.2.2 Checking adequacy of mixture proportions for concrete strength, and  
4.2.3 Quality control.  
4.3 Uses of test results of field-cured test specimens include:  
4.3.1 Estimation of the in place concrete strength,  
4.3.2 Comparison with test results of standard cured specimens or with test results from various in-place test methods,  
4.3.3 Adequacy of curing and protection of concrete in the structure,  
4.3.4 Form or shoring removal time requirements, or  
4.3.5 Post-tensioning.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers procedures for making and curing cylinder and beam specimens from representative samples of fresh concrete for a construction project.  
1.2 This practice is not intended for making specimens from concrete not having measurable slump or requiring other sizes or shapes of specimens.  
1.3 This practice is not applicable to lightweight insulating concrete or controlled low strength material (CLSM).
Note 1: Test Method C495/C495M covers the preparation of specimens and the determination of the compressive strength of lightweight insulating concrete. Test Method D4832 covers procedures for the preparation, curing, transporting and testing of cylindrical test specimens of CLSM.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to exposed skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2)  
1.6 The text of this standard references notes which provide explanatory material. These notes shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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