ASTM F1139-88(2004)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Steam Traps and Drains
Standard Specification for Steam Traps and Drains
ABSTRACT
This specification provides the minimum requirements for the design, fabrication, pressure rating, marking, and testing of steam traps and drains. Hydrostatic proof test, hydrostatic production shell test, steam production shell test, air production shell test, operational check steam test, and performance characteristics test shall be performed to meet the requirements prescribed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification provides the minimum requirements for the design, fabrication, pressure rating, marking, and testing of steam traps and drains.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test method portion of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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An American National Standard
Designation: F1139 – 88 (Reapproved 2004)
Standard Specification for
Steam Traps and Drains
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1139; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope SP-25 Standard Marking System for Valves, Fittings,
2 Flanges, and Unions
1.1 This specification provides the minimum requirements
SP-51 150 lb Corrosion Resisting Cast Flanges and Flanged
forthedesign,fabrication,pressurerating,marking,andtesting
Fittings
of steam traps and drains.
2.3 ASME Standards:
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
ANSI/ASME PTC 39.1 Condensate Removal Devices for
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for
Steam Systems
information only.
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII,
1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the
Division I, Pressure Vessels
testmethodportionofthisspecification.Thisstandarddoesnot
ASME Boiler and PressureVessel Code, Section IX,W eld-
purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated
ing and Brazing Qualifications
with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard
to establish appropriate safety and health practices and
3. Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard
determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to
3.1 cold condensate capacity (QC)—maximum mass of
use.
condensate that the steam trap/drain can discharge in1hata
2. Referenced Documents given pressure and temperature, the trap/drain being fully open
(lb/h (kg/h)).
2.1 ANSI Standards:
3.2 drain—device having no moving parts permitting the
B16.1 Cast Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings
discharge of fluids at a fixed or adjustable rate.
B16.3 Malleable-Iron Screwed Fittings
3.3 hot condensate capacity (QH)—maximum mass of con-
B16.4 Cast-Iron Screwed Fittings
densate that a steam trap/drain can discharge in1hata given
B16.5 Steel Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings
pressure and temperature (lb/h (kg/h)).
B16.11 Forged Steel Fittings Socket-Welding and Threaded
3.4 hydrostatic proof test (PTHP)—test used in determining
B16.15 Cast Bronze Screwed Fittings
maximum allowable pressure (PMA) and maximum allowable
B16.18 Cast Bronze Solder-Joint Pressure Fittings
2 2
temperature (TMA) (lb/in. (kg/mm )).
B16.22 Wrought Copper and Bronze Solder-Joint Pressure
3.5 maximum allowable pressure (PMA)—maximum pres-
Fittings
sure that the shell of the steam trap/drain can withstand
B16.24 Bronze Flanges and Flanged Fittings
2 2
permanently at a given temperature (lb/in. (kg/mm )).
B16.34 Steel Valves, Flanged and Buttweld Ends
3.6 maximum allowable temperature (TMA)—maximum
B31.1 Power Piping
4 temperature to which the shell of the steam trap/drain can be
2.2 MSS Standards:
raised permanently (°F (°C)).
3.7 maximum differential pressure (DPMX)—maximum dif-
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F25 on Ships
ference between operating pressure and operating back pres-
and Marine Technology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.11 on 2 2
sure (lb/in. (kg/mm )).
Machinery and Piping Systems.
3.8 maximumoperatingbackpressure(PMOB)—maximum
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2004. Published November 2004. Originally
approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 1998 as F1139 – 88 (1998). permissible pressure measured at the outlet of the steam
2 2
DOI: 10.1520/F1139-88R04.
trap/drain allowing correct functioning (lb/in. (kg/mm )).
This specification was developed from Fluid Controls Institute Standards, 69-1
3.9 maximum operating pressure (PMO)—pressure for
Pressure Rating Standards for Steam Traps and 85-1 Standard Production Test for
which a steam trap/drain is rated by the manufacturer.
Steam Traps.
Available from American National Standards Institute, 25 W. 43rd St., 4th
Floor, New York, NY 10036.
4 5
AvailablefromManufacturersStandardizationSocietyoftheValveandFittings Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Three Park Ave.,
Industry (MSS), 127 Park St., NE, Vienna, VA 22180-4602. New York, NY 10016-5990.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
F1139 – 88 (2004)
3.9.1 Discussion—This pressure is normally a function of 5.1.1 The pressure ratings established under this specifica-
the limitations related to the internal mechanism of the steam tion are based upon materials of high quality produced under
2 2
trap/drain (lb/in. (kg/mm )). regular control of chemical and mechanical properties by a
3.10 maximum test pressure (PTMX)—maximum pressure recognized process. The manufacturer shall be prepared to
applied to the steam trap/drain under test including its internal certify that his product has been so produced and that the
2 2
mechanism (lb/in. (kg/mm )). mechanical and chemical properties thereof, as proved by test
3.11 minimum differential pressure (DPMN)—minimum specimens and nondestructive testing or as documented by
difference between operating pressure and operating back certifications from the producer or recognized distributor of
2 2
pressure (lb/in. (kg/mm )). these materials, are at least equal to the requirements of the
3.12 operating back pressure (POB)—pressure measured at appropriate specifications.
the outlet of the steam trap/drain under operating conditions
5.1.2 Housings of traps/drains, and other parts or bolting, or
2 2
(lb/in. (kg/mm )).
combination thereof, used for pressure retention, shall be
3.13 operating differential pressure (DP)—difference be-
constructed of materials in accordance with ANSI/ASME
tween the operating pressure and the operating back pressure
B31.1 or Section VIII, Division 1 of the ASME Boiler and
2 2
(lb/in. (kg/mm )).
Pressure Vessel Code.
3.14 operating pressure (PO)—pressure measured at the
5.1.3 Seals and parts, in addition to pressure containing
inlet of the steam trap/drain under operating conditions (lb/
parts and bolting used for pressure retention, shall be of
2 2
in. (kg/mm )).
materials suitable for the service.
3.15 operating temperature (TO)—temperature measured at
5.1.4 Users are cautioned against applications with fluids
the inlet of the steam trap/drain under operating conditions (°F
that may react chemically with any materials used in these
(°C)).
products.
3.16 performance characteristics tests—tests carried out to
5.1.5 For materials not having values of allowable stress
determine the operational characteristics of a particular design
tabulated in Section VIII, Division 1, allowable stresses shall
of steam trap/drain.
be determined in accordance with the procedures outlined in
3.17 productiontests—tests carried out by the manufacturer
Subsection C and Appendix P of Section VIII of the ASME
to confirm that the steam trap/drain functions correctly.
Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. Where it can be shown that
3.17.1 Discussion—These tests may be witnessed by the
the values of allowable stress listed for a particular material in
purchaser or his representative. In this case, these tests are
one product form (because of similar chemistry, mechanical
referred to as acceptance tests.
properties, directional properties, heat treatment, and so forth)
3.18 steam trap—self-contained valve that automatically
are applicable to the same material in an unlisted product form,
drains the condensate from a steam containing enclosure while
the listed values of allowable stress may be used.
remainingtighttolivesteam,orifnecessary,allowingsteamto
5.2 Manufacture:
flow at a controlled or adjusted rate.
5.2.1 Steam traps/drains with end fittings in compliance
3.18.1 Discussion—Moststeamtrapswillalsopassnoncon-
with the following standards may be used within the pressure-
densable gases while remaining tight to live steam.
temperature ranges permitted by the applicable standard pro-
4. Ordering Information
vided the trap/drain housing (less end fittings) is satisfactory
for these conditions:
4.1 Ordersforproductsunderthisspecificationshallinclude
5.2.1.1 ANSI B16.1,
the following information as applicable:
4.1.1 Performance characteristics required—See Section 7.
5.2.1.2 ANSI B16.3,
4.1.2 Certification of performance characteristics if re-
5.2.1.3 ANSI B16.4,
quired. See Section 7.
5.2.1.4 ANSI B16.5,
4.1.3 Nominal pipe size.
5.2.1.5 ANSI B16.11,
4.1.4 Maximum operating pressure, psig (kPa). See 3.5.
5.2.1.6 ANSI B16.15,
4.1.5 Capacity, lb/h (kg/h) (QC or QH). See 3.17 and 3.18.
5.2.1.7 ANSI B16.18,
4.1.6 Connection type (that is, threaded, socket weld,
5.2.1.8 ANSI B16.22,
flanged). See 5.2.1.
4.1.7 Materials—external and internal.
5.2.1.9 ANSI B16.24,
4.1.8 Type of trap/drain.
5.2.1.10 ANSI B16.34, and
4.1.9 Maximum test pressure, psig (kPa). See 3.12.
5.2.1.11 MSS SP-51.
4.1.10 Maximum allowable pressure, psig (kPa). See 3.14.
5.2.2 Weld design details, welding, and nondestructive test-
4.1.11 Pressure differential (operating, maximum, or mini-
ing shall be in accordance with Section VIII, Division 1, of the
mum, or combination thereof).
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. Welders and weld
4.1.12 Notice for Acceptance Test—If the purchaser wishes
procedures shall be qualified in accordance with Section IX of
to witness the production tests, this shall be specified in the
the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code.
order. See 8.2.
6. Requirements
5. Materials and Manufacture
5.1 Materials: 6.1 Pressure Rating and Design:
F1139 – 88 (2004)
6.1.1 The maximum allowable pressure (PMA) and maxi- 7.4 Maximum Operating Back Pressure (PMOB)—The
mum allowable temperature (TMA) rating for steam traps/ steam trap shall be tested to determine the maximum pressure
drains conforming to this specification shall be established by permissible at the outlet of the device that allows correct
at least one of the following methods: functioning.
6.1.1.1 Proof test in accordance with the requirements
7.5 Air Venting Capability—The steam trap/drain shall be
prescribed in paragraph UG-101 of Section VIII of the ASME tested to determine its ability to discharge air and other
Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. If burst-type tests as outlined
noncondensable gases.
in UG-101(m) are used, it is not necessary to rupture the 7.6 Operating Temperature (TO)—The steam trap/drain
component. In this case, the value of “B’’ to be used in
shallbetestedtodeterminethetemperatureatwhichthedevice
determining the maximum allowable pressure shall be the operates and, in particular, the temperature at which it passes
maximum pressure to which the component was subjected
its specified capacity.
without rupture. Safety of personnel shall be given serious
7.7 Condensate Capacity (QH or QC)—The steam trap/
consideration when conducting hydrostatic tests. Components
drain shall be flow tested to determine its condensate capacity
that have been subjected to a hydrostatic proof test shall not be
throughout its operating pressure range.
offered for sale.
7.8 Live Steam Loss—The steam trap shall be tested to
6.1.1.2 Design calculations in accordance with the require-
determine the amount of live steam lost through the trap.
ments prescribed in Section VIII, Division 1 of the ASME
Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code.
8. Test Methods
6.1.1.3 Hydrostatic proof test of a representative production
8.1 Hydrostatic Proof Test—Establish the maximum allow-
sample to establish the maximum allowable pressure (PMA)
able pressure (PMA) and temperature (TMA) rating using a
and maximum allowable temperature (TMA) rating as de-
hydrostatic proof test of a representative production sample,
scribed in 8.1.
chosen in accordance with 6.1.1.3 and perform as follows:
6.1.1.4 Extensive and successful performance experience
PTHP~f!
under comparable service conditions with similarly propor-
PMA 5
tioned components of the same or similar material may be used
as a basis for rating provided all other provisions of this
specified minimum tensile strength
specification are met.
average tensile of test specimens of pressure retaining components
6.2 Production Tests:
stress value at design temperature
6.2.1 The manufacturer shall production test every steam
stress value at test temperature
trap/drainasdescribedinSection8byoneofthefollowingtest
methods:
6.2.1.1 Hydrostatic—See 8.2.
8.1.1 Determine stress values in accordance with Section
6.2.1.2 Steam—See 8.3.
VIII, Division 1 of theASME Boiler and PressureVessel Code
6.2.1.3 Air—See 8.4.
or ANSI B31.1.
6.2.2 Samples of the traps/drains shall be visually examined
8.1.2 Casting quality factor (f) shall be 1.0 for wrought
and dimensionally checked to ensure that the traps/drains
materials and 0.8 for castings.
correspond to this specification and are marked in accordance
8.1.3 Gasket leakage during test does not constitute failure
with Section 9.
unless a result of rupture of a pressure containing part.
6.2.3 Sample steam traps/drains shall be given an opera-
8.1.4 Do not exceed water temperature of 125°F (50°C)
tional check steam test to ensure that they open to discharge
during the test.
condensateandclosesatisfactorilyinaccordancewith8.5.This
8.1.5 Retain certification of the hydrostatic proof test by the
test does not apply to labyrinth (orifice) steam traps/drains.
manufacturer and make available upon request.
8.2 Hydrostatic Production Shell Test—Give steam traps/
7. Performance Characteristics
drains a hydrostatic shell test at a pressure of 1.5 times its
7.1 Amanufacturer may describe the operation of a particu-
maximum allowable pressure rating at 68°F (20°C).
lartypeofsteamtrapordrainbyreferringtooneormoreofthe
8.2.1 Do not exceed water temperature of 125°F (50°C)
performance characteristics. When this is done, the associated
during the hydrostatic test.
tests described in 8.6 must be performed on a representative
8.2.2 The minimum duration of the shell test shall be as
production sample. A brief explanation of the derivation of
follows:
each characteristic is given as follows. Further details on test
Nominal Pipe Size Duration
methods are specified in Section 8.
7.1.1 Certification of performance characteristics shall be
⁄8 through 2 (6-50 mm) 15 s
2 ⁄2 through 8 (65-200 mm) 1 min
available if required by the purchaser (see 4.1.2).
10 and over (250 mm) 3 min
7.2 Minimum Operating Pressure—The steam trap shall be
tested to determine the minimum pressure (atmospheric or 8.2.2.1 Because of the complexity of product shape and
size, the duration of the hydrostatic test may vary, but in no
above) at which correct opening an
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