ASTM E1001-21

Standard Practice for Detection and Evaluation of Discontinuities by the Immersed Pulse-Echo Ultrasonic Method Using Longitudinal Waves

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
6.1 This practice provides guidelines for the application of immersed longitudinal wave examination to the detection and quantitative evaluation of discontinuities in materials.  
6.2 Although not all requirements of this practice can be applied universally to all examination situations and materials, it does provide a basis for establishing contractual criteria between suppliers and purchasers of materials for performing immersed pulse-echo examination, and may be used as a general guide for writing detailed specifications for particular applications.  
6.3 This practice is directed towards the evaluation of discontinuities detectable at normal beam incidence. If discontinuities at other orientations are of concern, alternate scanning techniques are required.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes procedures for the ultrasonic examination of bulk materials or parts by transmitting pulsed, longitudinal waves through a liquid couplant into the material and observing the indications of reflected waves (see Fig. 1). It covers only examinations in which one search unit is used as both transmitter and receiver (pulse-echo) and in which the part or material being examined is coupled to the part by a liquid column or is totally submerged in the couplant (either method is considered to be immersion testing). This practice includes general requirements and procedures which may be used for detecting discontinuities and for making a relative or approximate evaluation of the size of discontinuities.
FIG. 1 Basic Immersion Setup  
1.2 This practice replaces Practice E214 and provides more detailed procedures for the selection, standardization, and operation of an examination system and for evaluation of the indications obtained.  
1.3 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-Oct-2021
• ICS: 19.100 - Non-destructive testing
• Technical Committee: E07 - Nondestructive Testing
• Drafting Committee: E07.06 - Ultrasonic Method

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E1001 − 21
Standard Practice for
Detection and Evaluation of Discontinuities by the
Immersed Pulse-Echo Ultrasonic Method Using Longitudinal
1
Waves
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1001; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 This practice describes procedures for the ultrasonic 2.1 ASTM Standards:
examination of bulk materials or parts by transmitting pulsed, C1212 Practice for Fabricating Ceramic Reference Speci-
3
longitudinal waves through a liquid couplant into the material mens Containing Seeded Voids (Withdrawn 2018)
and observing the indications of reflected waves (see Fig. 1). It C1336 Practice for Fabricating Non-Oxide Ceramic Refer-
covers only examinations in which one search unit is used as ence Specimens Containing Seeded Inclusions (With-
3
bothtransmitterandreceiver(pulse-echo)andinwhichthepart drawn 2018)
or material being examined is coupled to the part by a liquid E127 Practice for Fabrication and Control of Flat Bottomed
column or is totally submerged in the couplant (either method Hole Ultrasonic Standard Reference Blocks
is considered to be immersion testing). This practice includes E214 Practice for Immersed Ultrasonic Testing by the Re-
general requirements and procedures which may be used for flection Method Using Pulsed Longitudinal Waves (With-
3
detecting discontinuities and for making a relative or approxi- drawn 2007)
mate evaluation of the size of discontinuities. E317 Practice for Evaluating Performance Characteristics of
Ultrasonic Pulse-Echo Testing Instruments and Systems
1.2 This practice replaces Practice E214 and provides more
without the Use of Electronic Measurement Instruments
detailed procedures for the selection, standardization, and
E543 Specification forAgencies Performing Nondestructive
operation of an examination system and for evaluation of the
Testing
indications obtained.
E1316 Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations
1.3 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be
4
2.2 ASNT Documents:
regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are
SNT-TC-1A Recommended Practice for Personnel Qualifi-
mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for
cation and Certification in Nondestructive Testing
information only and are not considered standard.
ANSI/ASNT-CP-189 for Qualification and Certification of
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Nondestructive Testing Personnel
5
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
2.3 AIA Document:
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
NAS-410 Certification and Qualification of Nondestructive
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
Testing Personnel
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
NOTE 1—For DoD contracts, unless otherwise specified, the issues of
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
the documents, which are DoD adopted, are those listed in the issue of the
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
DoDISS (Department of Defense Index of Specifications Standards) cited
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
in the solicitation.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
1 3
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E07 on Nonde- The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
structive Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E07.06 on www.astm.org.
4
Ultrasonic Method. AvailablefromAmericanSocietyforNondestructiveTesting(ASNT),P.O.Box
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2021. Published November 2021. Originally 28518, 1711 Arlingate Ln., Columbus, OH 43228-0518, http://www.asnt.org.
5
approved in 1984. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as E1001 – 16. DOI: Available fromAerospace IndustriesAssociation ofAmerica, Inc. (AIA), 1000
10.1520/E1001-21. WilsonBlvd.,Suite1700,Arlington,VA22209-3928,http://www.aia-aerosp
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E1001 − 16 E1001 − 21
Standard Practice for
Detection and Evaluation of Discontinuities by the
Immersed Pulse-Echo Ultrasonic Method Using Longitudinal
1
Waves
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1001; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This practice describes procedures for the ultrasonic examination of bulk materials or parts by transmitting pulsed, longitudinal
waves through a liquid couplant into the material and observing the indications of reflected waves (see Fig. 1). It covers only
examinations in which one search unit is used as both transmitter and receiver (pulse-echo) and in which the part or material being
examined is coupled to the part by a liquid column or is totally submerged in the couplant (either method is considered to be
immersion testing). This practice includes general requirements and procedures which may be used for detecting discontinuities
and for making a relative or approximate evaluation of the size of discontinuities.
1.2 This practice replaces Practice E214 and provides more detailed procedures for the selection, standardization, and operation
of an examination system and for evaluation of the indications obtained.
1.3 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3
C1212 Practice for Fabricating Ceramic Reference Specimens Containing Seeded Voids (Withdrawn 2018)
3
C1336 Practice for Fabricating Non-Oxide Ceramic Reference Specimens Containing Seeded Inclusions (Withdrawn 2018)
E127 Practice for Fabrication and Control of Flat Bottomed Hole Ultrasonic Standard Reference Blocks
3
E214 Practice for Immersed Ultrasonic Testing by the Reflection Method Using Pulsed Longitudinal Waves (Withdrawn 2007)
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E07 on Nondestructive Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E07.06 on Ultrasonic Method.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2016Nov. 1, 2021. Published December 2016November 2021. Originally approved in 1984. Last previous edition approved in 20112016
as E1001 - 11.E1001 – 16. DOI: 10.1520/E1001-16.10.1520/E1001-21.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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E1001 − 21
FIG. 1 Basic Immersion Setup
E317 Practice for Evaluating Performance Characteristics of Ultrasonic Pulse-Echo Testing Instruments and Systems without the
Use of Electronic Measurement Instruments
E428 Practice for Fabrication and Control of Metal, Other than Aluminum, Reference Blocks Used in Ultrasonic Testing
3
(Withdrawn 2019)
E543 Specification for Agencies Performing Nondestructive Testing
E1158 Guide for Material Selection and Fabrication of Reference Blocks for the Pulsed Longitudinal Wave Ultrasonic Testing
3
of Metal and Metal Alloy Production Material (Withdrawn 2019)
E1316 Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations
4
2.2 ASNT Documents:
SNT-TC-
...