ASTM E643-15

Standard Test Method for Ball Punch Deformation of Metallic Sheet Material

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The ball punch deformation test is widely used to evaluate and compare the formability of metallic sheet materials. Biaxial stretching is the predominant mode of deformation occurring during the test and, therefore, the results are most often used to rate or compare materials that are to be formed mainly by stretching. However, precise correlations between the cup height as determined by this test and the formability of a sheet material under production conditions have not been established.  
4.2 It is recognized that the cup heights for specimens from the same sample may vary with differences in magnitude of hold-down force, lubrication, and method of end point determination. The procedures described in Sections 5, 7.1, and 7.3 will minimize these variations.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for conducting the ball punch deformation test for metallic sheet materials intended for forming applications. The test applies to specimens with thicknesses between 0.008 and 0.080 in. (0.2 and 2.0 mm).
Note 1: The ball punch deformation test is intended to replace the Olsen cup test by standardizing many of the test parameters that previously have been left to the discretion of the testing laboratory.
Note 2: The modified Erichsen test has been standardized in Europe. The main differences between the ball punch deformation test and the Erichsen test are the diameters of the penetrator and the dies. Erichsen cup heights are given in SI units.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Apr-2015
• ICS: 77.040.10 - Mechanical testing of metals
• Technical Committee: E28 - Mechanical Testing
• Drafting Committee: E28.02 - Ductility and Formability

Relations

• Referred By: ASTM D6665-09(2019) - Standard Practice for Evaluation of Aging Resistance of Pre-stressed Prepainted Metal in a Boiling Water Test
• Effective Date: 01-May-2015
• Referred By: ASTM B386/B386M-19e1 - Standard Specification for Molybdenum and Molybdenum Alloy Plate,<brk/>Sheet, Strip, Foil, and Ribbon
• Effective Date: 01-May-2015
• Referred By: ASTM D3794-22 - Standard Guide for Testing Coil Coatings
• Effective Date: 01-May-2015

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E643 − 15
Standard Test Method for
1
Ball Punch Deformation of Metallic Sheet Material
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E643; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
The ball punch deformation test is used for evaluating the ductility of metallic sheet materials. The
testinvolvesbiaxialstretchingofaconstrainedtestspecimen.Ideally,nodraw-inofflangemetalfrom
under the hold-down occurs. The sheet metal test specimen is bulged at a specified rate until the force
drops or until either necking or fracture occurs; the test is then terminated. Ball punch (penetrator)
movement to drop-in-force or necking or fracture is the test result. It is known that test results may
vary with hold-down force, lubrication, and criterion for determining the end point of the test.
1. Scope E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
ASTM Test Methods
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for conducting
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
the ball punch deformation test for metallic sheet materials
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
intended for forming applications. The test applies to speci-
2.2 National Institute of Standards and Technology Docu-
mens with thicknesses between 0.008 and 0.080 in. (0.2 and
3
ment:
2.0 mm).
NIST Handbook 91 Experimental Statistics
NOTE 1—The ball punch deformation test is intended to replace the
Olsen cup test by standardizing many of the test parameters that 3. Terminology
previously have been left to the discretion of the testing laboratory.
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
NOTE 2—The modified Erichsen test has been standardized in Europe.
3.1.1 cup height, the height of the formed cup at the end
The main differences between the ball punch deformation test and the
Erichsen test are the diameters of the penetrator and the dies. Erichsen cup
point of the test.
heights are given in SI units.
4. Significance and Use
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical 4.1 The ball punch deformation test is widely used to
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only evaluate and compare the formability of metallic sheet mate-
and are not considered standard. rials. Biaxial stretching is the predominant mode of deforma-
tion occurring during the test and, therefore, the results are
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
most often used to rate or compare materials that are to be
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
formed mainly by stretching. However, precise correlations
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
between the cup height as determined by this test and the
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
formability of a sheet material under production conditions
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
have not been established.
2. Referenced Documents
4.2 It is recognized that the cup heights for specimens from
2
the same sample may vary with differences in magnitude of
2.1 ASTM Standards:
hold-down force, lubrication, and method of end point deter-
mination. The procedures described in Sections 5, 7.1, and 7.3
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E28 on will minimize these variations.
Mechanical Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E28.02 on
Ductility and Formability.
5. Apparatus
Current edition approved May 1, 2015. Published June 2015. Originally
5.1 Cupping Machines (Fig. 1) —Any machine used for ball
published in 1978. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as E643–09. DOI:
10.1520/E0643-15.
punchdeformationtestsshallbeequippedtoholdthespecimen
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 100
the ASTM website. Bureau Dr., Stop 1070, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-1070, http://www.nist.gov.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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E643 − 15
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5
3
8
7
60°
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14
10
1
9
4
12
13
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Dimensions
Key
in. mm
(1) Thickness of test piece
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E643 − 09 E643 − 15
Standard Test Method for
1
Ball Punch Deformation of Metallic Sheet Material
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E643; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
The ball punch deformation test is used for evaluating the ductility of metallic sheet materials. The
test involves biaxial stretching of a constrained test specimen. Ideally, no draw-in of flange metal from
under the hold-down occurs. The sheet metal test specimen is bulged at a specified rate until the
loadforce drops or until either necking or fracture occurs; the test is then terminated. Ball punch
(penetrator) movement to drop in-load drop-in-force or necking or fracture is the test result. It is
known that test results may vary with hold-down force, lubrication, and criterion for determining the
end point of the test.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for conducting the ball punch deformation test for metallic sheet materials intended
for forming applications. The test applies to specimens with thicknesses between 0.008 and 0.080 in. (0.20 and 2.00 mm).
1.1 The values stated in inch–pound units are to be regarded as the standard. This test method covers the procedure for
conducting the ball punch deformation test for metallic sheet materials intended for forming applications. The test applies to
specimens with thicknesses between 0.008 and 0.080 in. (0.2 and 2.0 mm).
NOTE 1—The ball punch deformation test is intended to replace the Olsen cup test by standardizing many of the test parameters that previously have
been left to the discretion of the testing laboratory.
NOTE 2—The modified Erichsen test has been standardized in Europe. The main differences between the ball punch deformation test and the Erichsen
test are the diameters of the penetrator and the dies. Erichsen cup heights are given in SI units.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
3
2.2 National Institute of Standards and Technology Document:
NIST Handbook 91 Experimental Statistics
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 cup height, the height of the formed cup at the end point of the test.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E28 on Mechanical Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E28.02 on Ductility and
Formability.
Current edition approved June 1, 2009May 1, 2015. Published June 2009June 2015. Originally published in 1978. Last previous edition approved in 20002009 as E643
-84(2000) which was withdrawn March 2009 and reinstated in June 2009. DOI: 10.1520/E0643-09.–09. DOI: 10.1520/E0643-15.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 100 Bureau Dr., Stop 1070, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-1070, http://www.nist.gov.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E643 − 15
4. Significance and Use
4.1 The ball punch deformation test is widely used to evaluate and compare the formability of metallic sheet materials. Biaxial
stretching is the predominant mode of deformation occurring during the test and, therefore, the results are most often used to rate
or compare materials that are to be formed mainly by stretching. However, precise correlations between the cup height as
determined b
...