ASTM D3344-90(2015)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Total Wax Content of Corrugated Paperboard
Standard Test Method for Total  Wax  Content  of  Corrugated  Paperboard
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Many of the functional properties of wax-treated corrugated paperboard and cartons are dependent on the amount of wax present.
4.2 In the case of wax-saturated, or wax-impregnated, paperboard the principal concern is with the weight of wax used relative to the weight of paperboard present, that is, the weight percent content or pickup. In some applications the saturating wax may be deposited in the three elements of the corrugated board in such a way as to individually control the amount in each element, that is, the medium and the two facings.
4.3 In the case of wax-coated corrugated paperboard the principal concern is the weight of wax on the board surface per unit area. The functional values of the wax coating as a barrier or a decorative coating are dependent, in part, on the amount of wax in the continuous surface layer, relative to the area covered. The weight of coating relative to the weight of substrate is not usually a concern with regard to product quality.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the weight of wax that is present in a specimen of wax-treated corrugated paperboard. The test method is applicable to specimens that have been waxed by either impregnation (saturation) operations or coating operations, or combinations of such operations.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For precautionary statement, see 5.4 and 7.2.
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Designation: D3344 − 90 (Reapproved 2015)
Standard Test Method for
Total Wax Content of Corrugated Paperboard
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3344; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4. Significance and Use
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the weight 4.1 Many of the functional properties of wax-treated corru-
of wax that is present in a specimen of wax-treated corrugated gated paperboard and cartons are dependent on the amount of
paperboard. The test method is applicable to specimens that wax present.
have been waxed by either impregnation (saturation) opera-
4.2 In the case of wax-saturated, or wax-impregnated,
tionsorcoatingoperations,orcombinationsofsuchoperations.
paperboard the principal concern is with the weight of wax
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the used relative to the weight of paperboard present, that is, the
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information weight percent content or pickup. In some applications the
only. saturating wax may be deposited in the three elements of the
corrugated board in such a way as to individually control the
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
amount in each element, that is, the medium and the two
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
facings.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
4.3 In the case of wax-coated corrugated paperboard the
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For precautionary
principal concern is the weight of wax on the board surface per
statement, see 5.4 and 7.2.
unit area. The functional values of the wax coating as a barrier
oradecorativecoatingaredependent,inpart,ontheamountof
2. Terminology
wax in the continuous surface layer, relative to the area
covered. The weight of coating relative to the weight of
2.1 Definitions:
substrate is not usually a concern with regard to product
2.1.1 weight of applied wax coating—theweightofwaxthat
quality.
has been applied to the corrugated board as a coating, ex-
pressed as weight per unit area, usually grams of coating per
5. Apparatus
square metre or pounds of coating per thousand square feet of
5.1 Sample Trimming Equipment—A suitable trimming
board covered.
board or template arrangement equipped with a razor edge
NOTE 1—When it is known that a wax-coated specimen has no
knife for even cutting of specimens so that they have parallel
impregnating wax present, this extraction procedure is normally calcu-
sides and are of the right size. (Aguillotine-type paper cutter is
lated to express the data as “weight of applied wax coating.”
not recommended.)
2.1.2 weight percent wax content—the weight percent of
5.2 Measuring Rule,steel-edged,ruleformeasuringthesize
wax present in and on corrugated board relative to the weight
of specimen to within 0.5 mm.
of unwaxed board substrate measured at 23 °C (73 °F) and
50 % relative humidity.
5.3 Beakers, 1000 cm , Griffin-type.
5.4 Solvent —Chlorinated hydrocarbon solvent, 1,1,1-
3. Summary of Test Method
trichloroethane. (Warning—May cause irritation. Avoid con-
3.1 The total quantity of wax associated with the corrugated
tact with the eyes, skin, and clothing. Use only with adequate
board specimen is determined by extracting the wax from the ventilation. Avoid prolonged breathing of vapor or spray mist.
board and evaporating the extract to dryness.
Avoid prolonged or repeated contact with skin. Do not take
internally.)Thesolventusedshouldberesidue-free,andshould
be checked for a residue upon evaporation before using.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricantsand is the direct responsibility of The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time
Subcommittee D02.10.0A on Physical/Chemical Properties. is Inhibisol (Brand), Amerace-Esna Corp., Chemical Specialties Division, Tenafly,
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2015. Published December 2015. Originally NJ 07670. If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information
approved in 1974. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D3344 – 90 (2010). to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consid-
DOI: 10.1520/D3344-90R15. erationatameetingoftheresponsibletechnicalcommittee ,whichyoumayattend.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D3344 − 90 (2015)
5.5 Steel Screen, 325-mesh, approximately 150 mm in tion may be hastened by use of a stream of nitrogen. For the
diameter, to fit into a funnel. final stages of evaporation, place the beaker on a hot plate at
about 300 °F to completely dissipate solvent vapors or mois-
5.6 Glass Funnel, approximately 100 mm in diameter.
ture. Confirm that evaporation is complete when no solvent
5.7 Watch Glasses.
odor can be detected. Cool and reweigh the tared beaker.
5.8 Steam Bath or Hot Plate in Hood. Record the weight of wax extracted, to the nearest 1 mg.
5.9 Laboratory Hot Plate. NOTE 4—If it is not possible to tare the 1000 cm beaker because of
space limitations on the analytical balance, evaporate most of the solvent
5.10 Analytical Balance reading to the nearest 0.0001 g.
in the 1000 cm beaker and then quantitatively transfer the residue with
rinsings to a smaller tared beaker, and continue the evaporation to dryness
6. Test Specimen
as described in 7.4.
NOTE 5—Use of a Soxhlet extraction technique may result in improved
6.1 Condition all boards at 23 °C (73 °F) and 50 % relative
precision.
humidity for a minimum of 48 h before beginning the test
pro
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D3344 − 90 (Reapproved 2010) D3344 − 90 (Reapproved 2015)
Standard Test Method for
Total Wax Content of Corrugated Paperboard
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3344; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the weight of wax that is present in a specimen of wax-treated corrugated
paperboard. The test method is applicable to specimens that have been waxed by either impregnation (saturation) operations or
coating operations, or combinations of such operations.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. For precautionary statement, see 5.4 and 7.2.
2. Terminology
2.1 Definitions:
2.1.1 weight of applied wax coating—the weight of wax that has been applied to the corrugated board as a coating, expressed
as weight per unit area, usually grams of coating per square metre or pounds of coating per thousand square feet of board covered.
NOTE 1—When it is known that a wax-coated specimen has no impregnating wax present, this extraction procedure is normally calculated to express
the data as “weight of applied wax coating.”
2.1.2 weight percent wax content—the weight percent of wax present in and on corrugated board relative to the weight of
unwaxed board substrate measured at 23°C (73°F)23 °C (73 °F) and 50 % relative humidity.
3. Summary of Test Method
3.1 The total quantity of wax associated with the corrugated board specimen is determined by extracting the wax from the board
and evaporating the extract to dryness.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 Many of the functional properties of wax-treated corrugated paperboard and cartons are dependent on the amount of wax
present.
4.2 In the case of wax-saturated, or wax-impregnated, paperboard the principal concern is with the weight of wax used relative
to the weight of paperboard present, that is, the weight percent content or pickup. In some applications the saturating wax may
be deposited in the three elements of the corrugated board in such a way as to individually control the amount in each element,
that is, the medium and the two facings.
4.3 In the case of wax-coated corrugated paperboard the principal concern is the weight of wax on the board surface per unit
area. The functional values of the wax coating as a barrier or a decorative coating are dependent, in part, on the amount of wax
in the continuous surface layer, relative to the area covered. The weight of coating relative to the weight of substrate is not usually
a concern with regard to product quality.
5. Apparatus
5.1 Sample Trimming Equipment—A suitable trimming board or template arrangement equipped with a razor edge knife for
even cutting of specimens so that they have parallel sides and are of the right size. (A guillotine-type paper cutter is not
recommended.)
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricantsand is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D02.10.0A on Physical/Chemical Properties.
Current edition approved May 1, 2010Oct. 1, 2015. Published May 2010December 2015. Originally approved in 1974. Last previous edition approved in 20052010 as
D3344 – 90 (2005).(2010). DOI: 10.1520/D3344-90R10.10.1520/D3344-90R15.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D3344 − 90 (2015)
5.2 Measuring Rule, steel-edged, rule for measuring the size of specimen to within 0.5 mm.0.5 mm.
5.3 Beakers, 1000-cm1000 cm , Griffin-type.
5.4 Solvent —Chlorinated hydrocarbon solvent, 1,1,1-trichloroethane. (Warning—May cause irritation. Avoid contact with the
eyes, skin, and clothing. Use only with adequate ventilation. Avoid prolonged breathing of vapor or spray mist. Avoid prolonged
or repeated contact with skin. Do not take internally.) The solvent used should be residue-free, and should be checked for a residue
upon evaporation before using.
5.5 Steel Screen, 325-mesh, approximately 150 mm 150 mm in diameter, to fit into a funnel.
5.6 Glass Funnel, approximately 100 mm 100 mm in diameter.
5.7 Watch Glasses.
5.8 Steam Bath or Hot Plate in Hood.
5.9 Laboratory Hot Plate.
5.10 Analytical Balance reading to the nearest 0.0001 g.0.0001 g.
6. Test Specimen
6.1 Condition all boards at 23°C (73°F)23 °C (73 °F) and 50 % relative humidity for a minimum of 48 h 48 h before beginning
the test procedure.
6.2 From each sample unit, that is, each finished carton blank or paperboard sheet, cut representative specimens free of obvious
defects. Each specimen should measure 100100 mm by 100 mm, 100 mm, cut to the nearest 0.5 mm. 0.5 mm. Two specimens are
required from each sample unit to be tested.
NOTE 2—The operator may be required to increase the replication and treatment of specimens to obtain a better estimate of “average” wax content,
(1) if the waxing is at an extremely low content, or (2) if the wax content shows obvious wide variations in distribution over the board area.
NOTE 3—Optionally, specimens of other dimensions may be used if required by sampling limitations. In such cases, calculations need to be
appropriately adjusted.
7. Procedure
7.1 Weigh the two board specimens together to the nearest 1 mg 1 mg and record the combined weight of sample in grams. Cut
each specimen into small pieces, each measuring about 25 mm 25 mm square, being careful to retain all of the trimmings, a
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