ASTM D6109-13
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforced and Reinforced Plastic Lumber and Related Products
Standard Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforced and Reinforced Plastic Lumber and Related Products
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Flexural properties determined by these test methods are especially useful for research and development, quality control, acceptance or rejection under specifications, and special purposes.
5.2 Specimen depth, temperature, atmospheric conditions, and the difference in rate of straining specified in Test Methods A and B are capable of influencing flexural property results.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods are suitable for determining the flexural properties for any solid or hollow manufactured plastic lumber product of square, rectangular, round, or other geometric cross section that shows viscoelastic behavior. The test specimens are whole “as manufactured” pieces without any altering or machining of surfaces beyond cutting to length. As such, this is a test method for evaluating the properties of plastic lumber as a product and not a material property test method. Flexural strength cannot be determined for those products that do not break or that do not fail in the extreme outer fiber.
1.2 Test Method A—designed principally for products in the flat or “plank” position.
1.3 Test Method B—designed principally for those products in the edgewise or “joist” position.
1.4 Plastic lumber currently is produced using several different plastic manufacturing processes. These processes utilize a number of diverse plastic resin material systems that include fillers, fiber reinforcements, and other chemical additives. The test methods are applicable to plastic lumber products where the plastic resin is the continuous phase, regardless of its manufacturing process, type or weight percentage of plastic resin utilized, type or weight percentage of fillers utilized, type or weight percentage of reinforcements utilized, and type or weight percentage of other chemical additives.
1.4.1 Alternative to a single resin material system, diverse and multiple combinations of both virgin and recycled thermoplastic material systems are permitted in the manufacture of plastic lumber products.
1.4.2 Diverse types and combinations of inorganic and organic filler systems are permitted in the manufacturing of plastic lumber products. Inorganic fillers include such materials as talc, mica, silica, wollastonite, calcium carbonate, and so forth. Organic fillers include lignocellulosic materials made or derived from wood, wood flour, flax shive, rice hulls, wheat straw, and combinations thereof.
1.4.3 Fiber reinforcements used in plastic lumber include manufactured materials such as fiberglass (chopped or continuous), carbon, aramid and other polymerics; or lignocellulosic-based fibers such as flax, jute, kenaf, and hemp.
1.4.4 A wide variety of chemical additives are added to plastic lumber formulations to serve numerous different purposes. Examples include colorants, chemical foaming agents, ultraviolet stabilizers, flame retardants, lubricants, anti-static products, biocides, heat stabilizers, and coupling agents
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulator limitations prior to use.Note 1—There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.
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Designation: D6109 − 13
Standard Test Methods for
Flexural Properties of Unreinforced and Reinforced Plastic
1
Lumber and Related Products
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6109; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* derived from wood, wood flour, flax shive, rice hulls, wheat
straw, and combinations thereof.
1.1 These test methods are suitable for determining the
1.4.3 Fiber reinforcements used in plastic lumber include
flexuralpropertiesforanysolidorhollowmanufacturedplastic
manufactured materials such as fiberglass (chopped or
lumber product of square, rectangular, round, or other geomet-
continuous), carbon, aramid and other polymerics; or
ric cross section that shows viscoelastic behavior. The test
lignocellulosic-basedfiberssuchasflax,jute,kenaf,andhemp.
specimens are whole “as manufactured” pieces without any
1.4.4 A wide variety of chemical additives are added to
altering or machining of surfaces beyond cutting to length.As
plastic lumber formulations to serve numerous different pur-
such, this is a test method for evaluating the properties of
poses. Examples include colorants, chemical foaming agents,
plastic lumber as a product and not a material property test
ultraviolet stabilizers, flame retardants, lubricants, anti-static
method. Flexural strength cannot be determined for those
products, biocides, heat stabilizers, and coupling agents
products that do not break or that do not fail in the extreme
outer fiber. 1.5 Thevaluesstatedininch-poundunitsaretoberegarded
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
1.2 Test Method A—designed principally for products in the
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
flat or “plank” position.
and are not considered standard.
1.3 Test Method B—designed principally for those products
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
in the edgewise or “joist” position.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
1.4 Plastic lumber currently is produced using several dif-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
ferent plastic manufacturing processes.These processes utilize
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
a number of diverse plastic resin material systems that include
bility of regulator limitations prior to use.
fillers, fiber reinforcements, and other chemical additives. The
NOTE 1—There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.
test methods are applicable to plastic lumber products where
the plastic resin is the continuous phase, regardless of its
2. Referenced Documents
manufacturing process, type or weight percentage of plastic
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
resinutilized,typeorweightpercentageoffillersutilized,type
D618Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
or weight percentage of reinforcements utilized, and type or
D883Terminology Relating to Plastics
weight percentage of other chemical additives.
D2915Practice for Sampling and Data-Analysis for Struc-
1.4.1 Alternative to a single resin material system, diverse
tural Wood and Wood-Based Products
andmultiplecombinationsofbothvirginandrecycledthermo-
D5033GuideforDevelopmentofASTMStandardsRelating
plastic material systems are permitted in the manufacture of
to Recycling and Use of Recycled Plastics (Withdrawn
plastic lumber products.
3
2007)
1.4.2 Diverse types and combinations of inorganic and
D5947Test Methods for Physical Dimensions of Solid
organic filler systems are permitted in the manufacturing of
Plastics Specimens
plastic lumber products. Inorganic fillers include such materi-
E4Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
alsastalc,mica,silica,wollastonite,calciumcarbonate,andso
E691Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
forth. Organic fillers include lignocellulosic materials made or
1 2
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
PlasticsandarethedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD20.20onPlasticLumber contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
(Section D20.20.01). Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved June 1, 2013. Published June 2013. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D6109-10. DOI: The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
10.1520/D6109-13. www.astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International,
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D6109 − 10 D6109 − 13
Standard Test Methods for
Flexural Properties of Unreinforced and Reinforced Plastic
1
Lumber and Related Products
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6109; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Scope*
1.1 These test methods are suitable for determining the flexural properties for any solid or hollow manufactured plastic lumber
product of square, rectangular, round, or other geometric cross section that shows viscoelastic behavior. The test specimens are
whole “as manufactured” pieces without any altering or machining of surfaces beyond cutting to length. As such, this is a test
method for evaluating the properties of plastic lumber as a product and not a material property test method. Flexural strength
cannot be determined for those products that do not break or that do not fail in the extreme outer fiber.
1.2 Test Method A—designed principally for products in the flat or “plank” position.
1.3 Test Method B—designed principally for those products in the edgewise or “joist” position.
1.4 Plastic lumber currently is produced using several different plastic manufacturing processes. These processes utilize a
number of diverse plastic resin material systems that include fillers, fiber reinforcements, and other chemical additives. The test
methods are applicable to plastic lumber products where the plastic resin is the continuous phase, regardless of its manufacturing
process, type or weight percentage of plastic resin utilized, type or weight percentage of fillers utilized, type or weight percentage
of reinforcements utilized, and type or weight percentage of other chemical additives.
1.4.1 Alternative to a single resin material system, diverse and multiple combinations of both virgin and recycled thermoplastic
material systems are permitted in the manufacture of plastic lumber products.
1.4.2 Diverse types and combinations of inorganic and organic filler systems are permitted in the manufacturing of plastic
lumber products. Inorganic fillers include such materials as talc, mica, silica, wollastonite, calcium carbonate, and so forth. Organic
fillers include lignocellulosic materials made or derived from wood, wood flour, flax shive, rice hulls, wheat straw, and
combinations thereof.
1.4.3 Fiber reinforcements used in plastic lumber include manufactured materials such as fiberglass (chopped or continuous),
carbon, aramid and other polymerics; or lignocellulosic-based fibers such as flax, jute, kenaf, and hemp.
1.4.4 A wide variety of chemical additives are added to plastic lumber formulations to serve numerous different purposes.
Examples include colorants, chemical foaming agents, ultraviolet stabilizers, flame retardants, lubricants, anti-static products,
biocides, heat stabilizers, and coupling agents
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulator
limitations prior to use.
NOTE 1—There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plastics and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.20 on Plastic Lumber (Section
D20.20.01).
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2010June 1, 2013. Published August 2010June 2013. Originally approved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 20052010 as
D6109 - 05.D6109 - 10. DOI: 10.1520/D6109-10.10.1520/D6109-13.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA
...
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