ASTM D695-15

Standard Test Method for Compressive Properties of Rigid Plastics

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Compression tests provide information about the compressive properties of plastics when employed under conditions approximating those under which the tests are made.  
4.2 Compressive properties include modulus of elasticity, yield stress, deformation beyond yield point, and compressive strength (unless the material merely flattens but does not fracture). Materials possessing a low order of ductility may not exhibit a yield point. In the case of a material that fails in compression by a shattering fracture, the compressive strength has a very definite value. In the case of a material that does not fail in compression by a shattering fracture, the compressive strength is an arbitrary one depending upon the degree of distortion that is regarded as indicating complete failure of the material. Many plastic materials will continue to deform in compression until a flat disk is produced, the compressive stress (nominal) rising steadily in the process, without any well-defined fracture occurring. Compressive strength can have no real meaning in such cases.  
4.3 Compression tests provide a standard method of obtaining data for research and development, quality control, acceptance or rejection under specifications, and special purposes. The tests cannot be considered significant for engineering design in applications differing widely from the load-time scale of the standard test. Such applications require additional tests such as impact, creep, and fatigue.  
4.4 Before proceeding with this test method, reference should be made to the ASTM specification for the material being tested. Any test specimen preparation, conditioning, dimensions, and testing parameters covered in the materials specification shall take precedence over those mentioned in this test method. If there is no material specification, then the default conditions apply. Table 1 in Classification D4000 lists the ASTM materials standards that currently exist.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the mechanical properties of unreinforced and reinforced rigid plastics, including high-modulus composites, when loaded in compression at relatively low uniform rates of straining or loading. Test specimens of standard shape are employed. This procedure is applicable for a composite modulus up to and including 41,370 MPa (6,000,000 psi).  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.
Note 1: For compressive properties of resin-matrix composites reinforced with oriented continuous, discontinuous, or cross-ply reinforcements, tests may be made in accordance with Test Method D3410/D3410M or D6641/D6641M.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. A specific precautionary statement is given in 13.1.
Note 2: This standard is equivalent to ISO 604.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Aug-2015
• ICS: 83.080.01 - Plastics in general
• Technical Committee: D20 - Plastics
• Drafting Committee: D20.10 - Mechanical Properties

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D695 − 15
Standard Test Method for
1
Compressive Properties of Rigid Plastics
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D695; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* D5947 Test Methods for Physical Dimensions of Solid
Plastics Specimens
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the me-
D6641/D6641M Test Method for Compressive Properties of
chanical properties of unreinforced and reinforced rigid
Polymer Matrix Composite Materials Using a Combined
plastics, including high-modulus composites, when loaded in
Loading Compression (CLC) Test Fixture
compression at relatively low uniform rates of straining or
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
loading. Test specimens of standard shape are employed. This
E83 Practice for Verification and Classification of Exten-
procedure is applicable for a composite modulus up to and
someter Systems
including 41,370 MPa (6,000,000 psi).
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
standard. The values in parentheses are for information only. 3
2.2 ISO Standard:
NOTE 1—For compressive properties of resin-matrix composites rein- ISO 604 Plastics—Determination of Compressive Properties
forced with oriented continuous, discontinuous, or cross-ply
reinforcements, tests may be made in accordance with Test Method
3. Terminology
D3410/D3410M or D6641/D6641M.
3.1 General—The definitions of plastics used in this test
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
method are in accordance with Terminology D883 unless
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
otherwise indicated.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.2 Definitions:
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.2.1 compressive deformation—the decrease in length pro-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. A specific precau-
duced in the gage length of the test specimen by a compressive
tionary statement is given in 13.1.
load. It is expressed in units of length.
NOTE 2—This standard is equivalent to ISO 604.
3.2.2 compressive strain—the ratio of compressive defor-
mation to the gage length of the test specimen, that is, the
2. Referenced Documents
change in length per unit of original length along the longitu-
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
dinal axis. It is expressed as a dimensionless ratio.
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
3.2.3 compressive strength—the maximum compressive
D638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
stress (nominal) carried by a test specimen during a compres-
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
sion test. It may or may not be the compressive stress
D3410/D3410M Test Method for Compressive Properties of
(nominal) carried by the specimen at the moment of rupture.
Polymer Matrix Composite Materials with Unsupported
3.2.4 compressive strength at failure (nominal)—the com-
Gage Section by Shear Loading
pressive stress (nominal) sustained at the moment of failure of
D4000 Classification System for Specifying Plastic Materi-
the test specimen if shattering occurs.
als
3.2.5 compressive stress (nominal)—the compressive load
per unit area of minimum original cross section within the gage
1
boundaries, carried by the test specimen at any given moment.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plastics
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.10 on Mechanical Properties.
It is expressed in force per unit area.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2015. Published September 2015. Originally
3.2.5.1 Discussion—The expression of compressive proper-
approved in 1942. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D695 - 10. DOI:
ties in terms of the minimum original cross section is almost
10.1520/D0695-15.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
the ASTM website. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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D695
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D695 − 10 D695 − 15
Standard Test Method for
1
Compressive Properties of Rigid Plastics
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D695; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the mechanical properties of unreinforced and reinforced rigid plastics,
including high-modulus composites, when loaded in compression at relatively low uniform rates of straining or loading. Test
specimens of standard shape are employed. This procedure is applicable for a composite modulus up to and including 41,370 MPa
(6,000,000 psi).
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.
NOTE 1—For compressive properties of resin-matrix composites reinforced with oriented continuous, discontinuous, or cross-ply reinforcements, tests
may be made in accordance with Test Method D3410/D3410M or D6641/D6641M.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.A specific precautionary statement is given in 13.1.
NOTE 2—This test method standard is technically equivalent to ISO 604.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
D638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
D3410/D3410M Test Method for Compressive Properties of Polymer Matrix Composite Materials with Unsupported Gage
Section by Shear Loading
D4000 Classification System for Specifying Plastic Materials
D5947 Test Methods for Physical Dimensions of Solid Plastics Specimens
D6641/D6641M Test Method for Compressive Properties of Polymer Matrix Composite Materials Using a Combined Loading
Compression (CLC) Test Fixture
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
E83 Practice for Verification and Classification of Extensometer Systems
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
3
2.2 ISO Standard:
ISO 604 Plastics—Determination of Compressive Properties
3. Terminology
3.1 General—The definitions of plastics used in this test method are in accordance with Terminology D883 unless otherwise
indicated.
3.2 Definitions:
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.10 on Mechanical Properties.
Current edition approved April 1, 2010Sept. 1, 2015. Published April 2010September 2015. Originally approved in 1942. Last previous edition approved in 20082010 as
D695 - 08.D695 - 10. DOI: 10.1520/D0695-10.10.1520/D0695-15.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D695 − 15
3.2.1 compressive deformation—the decrease in length produced in the gage length of the test specimen by a compressive load.
It is expressed in units of length.
3.2.2 compressive strain—the ratio of compressive deformation to the gage length of the test specimen, that is, the change in
length per unit of original length along the longitudinal axis. It is expressed as a dimensionless ratio.
3.2.3 compressive strength—the maximum compressive stress (nominal) carried by a test specimen during a compression test.
It may or may not be the compressive stress (nominal) carried by the specimen at the moment of rupture.
3.2.4 compressive strength at failure (nominal)—the compressive stress (nominal) sustained at the moment of failure of the test
specimen if shattering occurs.
3
...