ASTM F521-22

Standard Test Methods for Bond Integrity of Transparent Laminates

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 These test methods provide a means to measure quantitatively the bond integrity between the outer layers of the transparency and the interlayer, or to measure the cohesive properties of the interlayer, under various loading conditions.  
4.2 These test methods provide empirical results useful for control purposes, correlation with service results, and as quality control tests for acceptance of production parts.  
4.3 Test results obtained on small, laboratory-size samples shown herein are indicative of full-size part capability, but not necessarily usable for design purposes.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover determination of the bond integrity of transparent laminates. The laminates are usually made of two or more glass or hard plastic sheets held together by an elastomeric material. These test methods are intended to provide a means of determining the strength of the bond between the glass or plastic and the elastomeric interlayer under various mechanical or thermal loading conditions.  
1.2 The test methods appear as follows:    
Test Methods  
Sections  
Test Method A—Flatwise Bond Tensile Strength  
5 – 11  
Test Method B—Interlaminar Shear Strength  
12 – 17  
Test Method C—Creep Rupture  
18 – 25  
Test Method D—Thermal Exposure  
26 – 30  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-Jan-2022
• ICS: 49.025.40 - Rubber and plastics
• Technical Committee: F07 - Aerospace and Aircraft
• Drafting Committee: F07.08 - Transparent Enclosures and Materials

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: F521 − 22
Standard Test Methods for
1
Bond Integrity of Transparent Laminates
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationF521;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginal
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Terminology
1.1 These test methods cover determination of the bond 3.1 Definitions:
integrity of transparent laminates. The laminates are usually 3.1.1 delamination, n—a visible separation between two
made of two or more glass or hard plastic sheets held together layers of bonded material.
by an elastomeric material. These test methods are intended to
3.1.2 face plies, n—transparent glass or plastic outer mate-
provide a means of determining the strength of the bond
rials joined together with an interlayer.
between the glass or plastic and the elastomeric interlayer
3.1.3 interlayer, n—transparentmaterialusedasthebonding
under various mechanical or thermal loading conditions.
agent between two or more hard, transparent materials.
1.2 The test methods appear as follows:
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
Test Methods Sections
3.2.1 number of plies, n—a three-ply laminate is one having
Test MethodA—Flatwise Bond Tensile Strength 5–11
two transparent glass or plastic plies and one interlayer ply; a
Test Method B—Interlaminar Shear Strength 12–17
Test Method C—Creep Rupture 18–25
five-ply laminate has three glass or plastic plies and two
Test Method D—Thermal Exposure 26–30
interlayer plies.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4. Significance and Use
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4.1 These test methods provide a means to measure quan-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
titatively the bond integrity between the outer layers of the
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
transparency and the interlayer, or to measure the cohesive
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
properties of the interlayer, under various loading conditions.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
4.2 These test methods provide empirical results useful for
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
control purposes, correlation with service results, and as
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
quality control tests for acceptance of production parts.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
4.3 Test results obtained on small, laboratory-size samples
shown herein are indicative of full-size part capability, but not
2. Referenced Documents
necessarily usable for design purposes.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
TEST METHOD A—FLATWISE BOND TENSILE
D952 Test Method for Bond or Cohesive Strength of Sheet
STRENGTH
Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materials
3
2.2 ANSI Standard:
5. Summary of Test Method
B1.1 Standard for Unified Screw Threads
5.1 Thebondissubjectedtoamechanicalloadinadirection
perpendicular to the plane of the bond. The adhesive or
cohesive strength between the interlayer and the outer layers
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F07 on
(flatwisetensilestrength)isdetermined,andexpressedinterms
Aerospace andAircraft and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F07.08 on
of pascals (or pounds-force per square inch).
Transparent Enclosures and Materials.
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2022. Published February 2022. Originally
approved in 1977. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as F521 – 16. DOI:
6. Apparatus
10.1520/F0521-22.
2
6.1 Metal Blocks—A pair of 50 mm (2 in.) square metal
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
blocks of 24 ST aluminum alloy, each having a maximum
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
height of 50 mm (2 in.). Each block shall have in one end a
the ASTM website.
7
3
hole (see Fig. 1) tapped 22.2 mm ( ⁄8 in.) in accordance with
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
7
4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org. ANSI B1.1, to accommodate threaded 22.2 mm ( ⁄8-in.) studs
Copyright ©ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA19428-2959. United States
1

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F521 −
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F521 − 16 F521 − 22
Standard Test Methods for
1
Bond Integrity of Transparent Laminates
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F521; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 These test methods cover determination of the bond integrity of transparent laminates. The laminates are usually made of two
or more glass or hard plastic sheets held together by an elastomeric material. These test methods are intended to provide a means
of determining the strength of the bond between the glass or plastic and the elastomeric interlayer under various mechanical or
thermal loading conditions.
1.2 The test methods appear as follows:
Test Methods Sections
Test Method A—Flatwise Bond Tensile Strength 5 – 11
Test Method B—Interlaminar Shear Strength 12 – 17
Test Method C—Creep Rupture 18 – 25
Test Method D—Thermal Exposure 26 – 30
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of
the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D952 Test Method for Bond or Cohesive Strength of Sheet Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materials
3
2.2 ANSI Standard:
B1.1 Standard for Unified Screw Threads
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F07 on Aerospace and Aircraft and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F07.08 on
Transparent Enclosures and Materials.
Current edition approved April 1, 2016Feb. 1, 2022. Published April 2016February 2022. Originally approved in 1977. Last previous edition approved in 20102016 as
F521 – 83 (2010).F521 – 16. DOI: 10.1520/F0521-16.10.1520/F0521-22.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F521 − 22
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 delamination, n—a visible separation between two layers of bonded material.
3.1.2 face plies, n—transparent glass or plastic outer materials joined together with an interlayer.
3.1.3 interlayer, n—transparent material used as the bonding agent between two or more hard, transparent materials.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 number of plies, n—a three-ply laminate is one having two transparent glass or plastic plies and one interlayer ply. Aply; a
five-ply laminate has three glass or plastic plies and two interlayer plies.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 These test methods provide a means to measure quantitatively the bond integrity between the outer layers of the transparency
and the interlayer, or to measure the cohesive properties of the interlayer, under various loading conditions.
4.2 These test methods provide empirical results useful for control purposes, correlation with service results, and as quality control
tests for acceptance of production parts.
4.3 Test results obtained on small, laboratory-size samples shown herein are indicative of full-size part capability, but not
necessarily usable for design purposes.
TEST METHOD A—FLATWISE BOND TENSILE STRENGTH
5. Summary of Test Method
5.1 The bond is subjected to a mechanical load in a direction per
...