ASTM B199-99(2005)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Magnesium-Alloy Permanent Mold Castings
Standard Specification for Magnesium-Alloy Permanent Mold Castings
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers magnesium alloy permanent mold casting alloys designated as shown in .
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The SI values given in parentheses are provided for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: B 199 – 99 (Reapproved 2005)
Standard Specification for
Magnesium-Alloy Permanent Mold Castings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 199; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope E88 Practice for Sampling Nonferrous Metals and Alloys
in Cast Form for Determination of Chemical Composition
1.1 This specification covers magnesium alloy permanent
E94 Guide for Radiographic Examination
mold casting alloys designated as shown in Table 1.
E 155 Reference Radiographs for Inspection of Aluminum
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
and Magnesium Castings
as the standard. The SI values given in parentheses are
E 165 Test Methods for Liquid Penetrant Examination
provided for information only.
E 527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS)
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
2.3 Federal Standards:
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
2.4 Military Specification:
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
MIL-M-6857 Heat Treatment of Magnesium Alloy Cast-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
ings
2. Referenced Documents
3. Terminology
2.1 The following documents of the issue in effect on date
3.1 Definitions:
of order acceptance form a part of this specification to the
3.1.1 permanent mold casting—a metal object produced by
extent referenced herein:
introducing molten metal by gravity or low pressure into a
2.2 ASTM Standards:
mold constructed of durable material, usually iron or steel, and
B 275 Practice for Codification of Certain Nonferrous Met-
allowing it to solidify.
als and Alloys, Cast and Wrought
3.1.2 semipermanent mold casting—apermanentmoldcast-
B 296 Practice for Temper Designations of Magnesium
ing which is made using an expendable core such as bonded
Alloys, Cast and Wrought
sand.
B 557 Test Methods of Tension Testing Wrought and Cast
Aluminum- and Magnesium-Alloy Products
4. Ordering Information
B 660 Practices for Packaging/Packing of Aluminum and
4.1 Orders for castings under this specification shall include
Magnesium Products
the following information:
B 661 Practice for Heat Treatment of Magnesium Alloys
4.1.1 Quantity of each casting,
E8 Test Methods of Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
4.1.2 Alloy (Section 7 and Table 1),
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
4.1.3 Temper (Section 8 and Table 2),
Determine Conformance with Specification
4.1.4 Minimum properties of specimens cut from castings,
E35 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Magnesium
if required (see section 9.3),
and Magnesium Alloys
4.1.5 Drawing showing dimensions of the castings (the
amount of stock left for machine finish should be indicated),
4.1.6 Surface treatment (see 10.1),
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B07 on Light
Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B07.04 on
4.1.7 Whether inspection is required at the manufacturer’s
Magnesium Alloy Cast and Wrought Products.
works (see section 11.1.1),
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2005. Published February 2005. Originally
4.1.8 Special inspection requirements (see 11.2),
approved in 1945. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as B 199 – 99.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on AvailablefromStandardizationDocumentsOrderDesk,Bldg.4SectionD,700
the ASTM website. Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098.
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B 199 – 99 (2005)
A
TABLE 1 Chemical Composition Limits
NOTE 1—Analysis shall regularly be made only for the elements specifically mentioned in this table. If, however, the presence of other elements is
suspectedorindicatedinamountsgreaterthanthespecifiedlimits,furtheranalysisshallbemadetodeterminethattheseelementsarenotpresentinexcess
of the specified limits.
NOTE 2—The following applies to all specified limits in this table: For purposes of acceptance and rejection, an observed value or a calculated value
obtained from analysis shall be rounded to the nearest unit in the last right-hand place of figures used in expressing the specified limit.
B
Alloy Number Composition, %
C
Total
Manga- Other Others
ASTM UNS Iron Magnesium Aluminum Zinc Rare Earths Zirconium Silicon Copper Nickel
nese Impuri- Each
ties
AM100A M10100 . remainder 9.3 to 10.7 0.10–0.35 0.30 . . 0.30 0.10 0.01 0.30 .
AZ81A M11810 . remainder 7.0 to 8.1 0.13–0.35 0.40 to 1.0 . . 0.30 0.10 0.01 0.30 .
AZ91C M11914 . remainder 8.1 to 9.3 0.13–0.35 0.40 to 1.0 . . 0.30 0.10 0.01 0.30 .
D
AZ91E M11919 0.005 remainder 8.1 to 9.3 0.17–0.35 0.40 to 1.0 . . 0.20 0.015 0.0010 0.30 0.01
AZ92A M11920 . remainder 8.3 to 9.7 0.10–0.35 1.6 to 2.4 . . 0.30 0.25 0.01 0.30 .
E F
EQ21A M18330 . remainder . . . 1.5 to 3.0 0.40 to 1.0 . 0.05–0.10 0.01 0.30 .
EZ33A M12330 . remainder . . 2.0 to 3.1 2.5 to 4.0 0.50 to 1.0 . 0.10 0.01 0.30 .
G E F
QE22A M18220 . remainder . . . 1.8 to 2.5 0.40 to 1.0 . 0.10 0.01 0.30 .
A
Limits are in weight percent max unless shown as a range or stated otherwise.
B
ASTM alloy designations were established in accordance with Practice B 275. UNS designations were established in accordance with Practice E 527.
C
Includes listed elements for which no specific limit is shown.
D
If iron exceeds 0.005 %, the iron to manganese ratio shall not exceed 0.032.
E
Silver content for Alloy EQ21A (M18330) shall be 1.3 to 1.7 %.
F
Rare earth elements are in the form of didymium.
G
Silver content for Alloy QE22A (M18220) shall be 2.0 to 3.0, inclusive.
TABLE 2 Tensile Requirements
NOTE—For purposes of determining conformance with this specification, each value for tensile strength and yield strength shall be rounded to the
nearest 0.1 ksi and each value for elongation shall be rounded to the nearest 0.5 % both in accordance with the rounding method of PracticeE29.
Elongation in
Alloy Number B
Tensile Strength, min. Yield Strength (0.2 %
A
Temper 2 in., (50.8 mm)
ksi (MPa) offset) min. ksi (MPa)
ASTM UNS
min., %
C
AM100A M10100 F 20.0 (138) 10.0 (69)
T4 34.0 (234) 10.0 (69) 6
T6 34.0 (234) 15.0 (103) 2
C
T61 34.0 (234) 17.0 (117)
AZ81A M11810 T4 34.0 (234) 11.0 (76) 7
C
AZ91C M11914 F 23.0 (158) 11.0 (76)
T4 34.0 (234) 11.0 (76) 7
T5 23.0 (158) 12.0 (83) 2
T6 34.0 (234) 16.0 (110) 3
AZ91E M11919 T6 34.0 (234) 16.0 (110) .
C
AZ92A M11920 F 23.0 (158) 11.0 (76)
T4 34.0 (234) 11.0 (76) 6
C
T5 23.0 (158) 12.0 (83)
C
T6 34.0 (234) 18.0 (124)
EQ21A M18330 T6 34.0 (234) 25.0 (172) .
EZ33A M12330 T5 20.0 (138) 14.0 (96) 2
QE22A M18220 T6 35.0 (241) 25.0 (172) 2
A
These temper designations were established in accordance with Practice B 296.
B
See X1.3.
C
Not required.
4.1.9 Whether certification is required (see 13.1), and 5.2 The castings may be subjected to the heat treatment
4.1.10 Whether marking for identification is required (see
necessary to produce material that will conform to the require-
14.1).
ments specified. Heat treatment shall be performed on the
whole of a casting, never on a part only, and shall be applied
5. Manufacture
in a manner that will produce the utmost uniformity.
5.1 The responsibility of furnishing castings that can be laid
out and machined to the finished dimensions within the
6. General Quality
permissible variations specified, as shown on the blueprints or
6.1 The castings shall be of uniform quality and condition,
drawings, shall rest with the supplier, except when molds are
free of cracks or other injurious defects, and shall be well
furnishedbythepurchaser.Sufficientstockshallbeallowedfor
shrinkage, and where requested, for finishing; castings of cleaned by sand blasting or any other approved process before
excessive weight shall not be furnished. inspection.
B 199 – 99 (2005)
7. Chemical Composition purchaser. Depending on the radiographic quality specified
(see 11.4), test bars cut from casting may not meet the
7.1 Limits—The material shall conform to the chemical
requirements of Table 2. Mechanical property limits from cut
compositionlimitsprescribedinTable1.Conformanceshallbe
bars shall be agreed to by the supplier and purchaser.
determined by analyzing samples taken when the castings are
9.4 Test Specimens—The tension test specimens shall be
poured, or by analyzing samples taken from the finished
separately cast in a permanent mold and shall be cast to size in
product. If the chemical composition has been determined
accordance with the dimensions shown in Fig. 8 of Test
during the course of manufacture, sampling and analysis of the
Methods B 557. They shall not be machined prior to testing
finished product is not necessary.
except to adapt the grip ends to the holders of the testing
7.2 Number of Samples—The number of samples taken for
machine in such a manner as to ensure an axial load.
determination of chemical composition shall be as follows:
9.4.1 If any tension test specimen is improperly machined
7.2.1 When samples are taken at the time the castings are
or shows flaws upon testing, it may be discarded and another
poured, at least one sample shall be taken from each melt of
specimen from the same heat or melt used instead. If no
2000 lb (907 kg) or fraction thereof.
additionalspecimenisavailable,thesupplierandthepurchaser
7.2.2 When samples are taken from the castings or test bars,
shall agree on an alternative procedure.
a sample shall be taken to represent each 2000 lb (907 kg) or
9.5 Test Methods—The tension tests shall be made in
fraction thereof in the shipment except that not more than one
accordance with Test Methods B 557.
sample shall be required per casting.
7.3 Methods of Sampling—Samples for determination of
10. Finish
chemical composition shall be taken in accordance with one of
the following methods:
10.1 Depending on casting processing and end use require-
7.3.1 Samples for chemical analysis shall be taken from the ments, castings should be protected by the use of chrome
material by drilling, sawing, milling, turning, or clipping a pickling, anodizing, resin sealing, or other approved methods
representative piece or pieces to obtain a weight of prepared prior to shipment (see X1.4).
sample not less than 75 g. Sampling shall be in accordance
with PracticeE88. 11. Inspection
7.3.2 Samples for spectrochemical or other methods of
11.1 If the purchaser desires that inspection be made at the
analysis shall be taken by methods suitable for the form of
supplier’s works where the material is made, it shall be so
material being analyzed and the type of analytical method
stated in the contract or purchase order.
used.
11.1.1 If the purchaser elects to have the inspection made at
7.4 Methods of Chemical Analysis—Anysuitablemethodof
the supplier’s works, the supplier shall afford the inspector
chemical analysis may be used. In case of dispute, the analysis
representing the purchaser all reasonable facilities to satisfy
shall be made by methods given in Test MethodsE35 or any
him that the material is being furnished in accordance with this
other standard methods of analysis approved by ASTM unless
specification.All tests and inspections shall be so conducted as
some other method is agreed upon.
not to interfere unnecessarily with the operation of the works.
11.2 Special inspection requirements such as simulated
8. Heat Treatment
service, pressure testing, X-ray, or fluorescent penetrant must
8.1 Unless otherwise specified, heat treatment for the appli- be stated on the order.
cabletempersdesignatedinTable2shallbeinaccordancewith 11.3 Liquid Penetrant Inspection:
Practice B 661 or with Military Specification MIL-M-6857. 11.3.1 When specified, liquid penetrant inspection shall be
in accordance with Test Methods E 165, and the required
9. Tensile Requirements Tensile Requirements sensitivity shall be specified.
11.3.2 Acceptable standards for discontinuities shall be
9.1 Limits—The tension test specimens representing the
agreed upon, including size and frequency per unit area and
castings shall conform to the requirements of Table 2.
location.
9.2 Number of Tests—At least one tension test specimen
11.4 Radiographic Inspection:
shall be cast from each melt of 2000 lb (907 kg) or fraction
11.4.1 When specified, radiographic inspection shall be in
thereof to represent the castings poured from the same melt. If
accordance with Guide E 94 and Reference E 155.
the castings are to be heat treated, the specimens shall be heat
11.4.2 Radiographic acceptance shall be in accordance with
treated with production castings of the same alloy and in the
requirements selected from Table 3. Any modifications of this
same temper as the specimens. The specimens shall then be
table, the frequency per unit area, and location should also be
tested to judge the response of their corresponding melts to the
agreed upon.
type of heat treatment to which the specimens were subjected.
11.4.3 The number, film size, and orientation of radiographs
9.2.1 Eachheat-treatingfurnacechargeshallincludeatleast
and the number of castings radiographically inspected shall be
one tension test specimen poured from a production melt. Such
agreed upon between the supplier and the purchaser.
specimens shall be of the same alloy and in the same temper as
the castings, and shall be tested to judge the quality of the
12. Rejection and Retest
heat-treating operation given the furnace charge.
9.3 If test bars are cut from castings, the number and 12.1 Material failing to conform to the requirements of this
location shall be as agreed upon between the supplier and the specification may be rejected. If rejected, the supplier shall be
B 199 – 99 (2005)
TABLE 3 Discontinuity-Severity Level Requirements for Magnesium Castings (Reference Radiograph E 155)
Grade A Grade B Grade C Grade D
Discontinuity Section Thickness, in.
1 3 1 3 1 3 1 3
⁄4 ⁄4 ⁄4 ⁄4 ⁄4 ⁄4 ⁄4 ⁄4
Gas Holes none 112255
Microshrinkage (feathery) none 112243
Microshrinkage (sponge) none 112243
Foreign material (less dense) none 112244
Fore
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