ASTM D873-12
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Aviation Fuels (Potential Residue Method)
Standard Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Aviation Fuels (Potential Residue Method)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The results (of these tests) can be used to indicate storage stability of these fuels. The tendency of fuels to form gum and deposits in these tests has not been correlated with field performance (and can vary markedly) with the formation of gum and deposits under different storage conditions.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method2 covers the determination of the tendency of aviation reciprocating, turbine, and jet engine fuels to form gum and deposits under accelerated aging conditions. (Warning—This test method is not intended for determining the stability of fuel components, particularly those with a high percentage of low boiling unsaturated compounds, as these may cause explosive conditions within the apparatus.)Note 1—For the measurement of the oxidation stability (induction period) of motor gasoline, refer to Test Method D525.
1.2 The accepted SI unit of pressure is the kilo pascal (kPa); the accepted SI unit of temperature is °C.
1.3 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central nervous system, kidney and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA’s website—http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm—for additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury and/or mercury containing products into your state or country may be prohibited by law.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
General Information
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Designation: D873 − 12 British Standard 4456
Designation: 138/99
Standard Test Method for
Oxidation Stability of Aviation Fuels (Potential Residue
1
Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D873; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
3
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the 2.1 ASTM Standards:
tendencyofaviationreciprocating,turbine,andjetenginefuels D381 Test Method for Gum Content in Fuels by Jet Evapo-
to form gum and deposits under accelerated aging conditions.
ration
(Warning—This test method is not intended for determining D525 Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Gasoline (In-
the stability of fuel components, particularly those with a high
duction Period Method)
percentage of low boiling unsaturated compounds, as these D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
may cause explosive conditions within the apparatus.)
Petroleum Products
D5452 Test Method for Particulate Contamination in Avia-
NOTE 1—For the measurement of the oxidation stability (induction
tion Fuels by Laboratory Filtration
period) of motor gasoline, refer to Test Method D525.
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
1.2 The accepted SI unit of pressure is the kilo pascal (kPa);
the accepted SI unit of temperature is °C.
3. Terminology
1.3 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many
3.1 The following definitions of terms are all expressed in
regulatory agencies as a hazardous material that can cause
terms of milligrams per 100 mL of sample, after “X” hours
central nervous system, kidney and liver damage. Mercury, or
aging, “X” being the accelerated aging (oxidation) period at
its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to
100°C.
materials.Cautionshouldbetakenwhenhandlingmercuryand
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
mercury containing products. See the applicable product Ma-
terial Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA’s 3.2.1 insoluble gum, n—deposit adhering to the glass
sample container after removal of the aged fuel, precipitate,
website—http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm—for addi-
tional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury and soluble gum.
and/or mercury containing products into your state or country
3.2.1.1 Discussion—Insoluble gum is obtained by measur-
may be prohibited by law. ing the increase in mass of the glass sample container.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the 3.2.2 potential gum, n—sum of the soluble and insoluble
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
gum.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.2.3 precipitate,n—sedimentandsuspendedmaterialinthe
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
aged fuel, obtained by filtering the aged fuel and washings
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
from the glass sample container.
3.2.4 soluble gum, n—deterioration products present at the
end of a specific aging period. These deterioration products
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
exist in solution in the aged fuel and as the toluene-acetone
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
soluble portion of the deposit on the glass sample container.
D02.14 on Stability and Cleanliness of Liquid Fuels.
This test method has been approved by the sponsoring committees and accepted
by the Cooperating Societies in accordance with established procedures.
Current edition approved June 1, 2012. Published October 2012. Originally
3
approved in 1946. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D873–02(2007). DOI: For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
10.1520/D0873-12. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
2
Further information can be found in the June 1978, January 1979, and June Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
1986 editions of the Institute of Petroleum Review. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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D873 − 12
NOTE 4—Electric heating blocks are known to be used. These blocks
3.2.4.1 Discussion—The soluble gum is obtained as a non-
can have heating capacities, heating rates, and heat transfer characteristics
volatile residue by evaporating the aged fuel and the toluene-
that dif
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D873 − 02 (Reapproved 2007) D873 − 12 British Standard 4456
Designation: 138/99
Standard Test Method for
Oxidation Stability of Aviation Fuels (Potential Residue
1
Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D873; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon («) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope
2
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the tendency of aviation reciprocating, turbine, and jet engine fuels to form
gum and deposits under accelerated aging conditions. (Warning—This test method is not intended for determining the stability
of fuel components, particularly those with a high percentage of low boiling unsaturated compounds, as these may cause explosive
conditions within the apparatus.)
NOTE 1—For the measurement of the oxidation stability (induction period) of motor gasoline, refer to Test Method D525.
1.2 The accepted SI unit of pressure is the kilo pascal (kPa); the accepted SI unit of temperature is °C.
1.3 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central
nervous system, kidney and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution
should be taken when handling mercury and mercury containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet
(MSDS) for details and EPA’s website—http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm—for additional information. Users should be aware
that selling mercury and/or mercury containing products into your state or country may be prohibited by law.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D381 Test Method for Gum Content in Fuels by Jet Evaporation
D525 Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Gasoline (Induction Period Method)
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D5452 Test Method for Particulate Contamination in Aviation Fuels by Laboratory Filtration
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
3. Terminology
3.1 The following definitions of terms are all expressed in terms of milligrams per 100 mL of sample, after “X” hours aging,
“X” being the accelerated aging (oxidation) period at 100°C.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 insoluble gum—gum, n—deposit adhering to the glass sample container after removal of the aged fuel, precipitate, and
soluble gum. Insoluble gum is obtained by measuring the increase in mass of the glass sample container.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.14 on
Stability and Cleanliness of Liquid Fuels.
This test method has been approved by the sponsoring committees and accepted by the Cooperating Societies in accordance with established procedures.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2007June 1, 2012. Published January 2008October 2012. Originally approved in 1946. Last previous edition approved in 20022007 as
D873D873–02(2007).–02. DOI: 10.1520/D0873-02R07.10.1520/D0873-12.
2
Further information can be found in the June 1978, January 1979, and June 1986 editions of the Institute of Petroleum Review.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D873 − 12
3.2.1.1 Discussion—
Insoluble gum is obtained by measuring the increase in mass of the glass sample container.
3.2.2 potential gum—gum, n—sum of the soluble and insoluble gum.
3.2.3 precipitate—precipitate, n—sediment and suspended material in the aged fuel, obtained by filtering the aged fuel and
washings from the glass sample container.
3.2.4 soluble gum—gum, n—deteriora
...
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