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ASTM D5615-07

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Operating Characteristics of Home Reverse Osmosis Devices

Standard Test Method for Operating Characteristics of Home Reverse Osmosis Devices

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Home reverse osmosis devices are typically used to remove salts and other impurities from drinking water at the point of use. They are usually operated at tap water line pressure, with water containing up to several hundred milligrams per litre of total dissolved solids. This test method permits measurement of the performance of home reverse osmosis devices using a standard set of conditions and is intended for short-term testing (less than 24 h). This test method can be used to determine changes that may have occurred in the operating characteristics of home reverse osmosis devices during use, but it is not intended to be used for system design. This test method does not necessarily determine the device’performance when solutes other than sodium chloride are present. Use Practice D 4516 and Test Methods D 4194 to standardize actual field data to a standard set of conditions.
This test method is applicable for spiral-wound devices.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of the operating characteristics of home reverse osmosis devices using standard test conditions. It does not necessarily determine the characteristics of the devices operating on natural waters.
1.2 This test method is applicable for spiral-wound devices.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
14-Jun-2007
ICS
13.060.50 - Examination of water for chemical substances
Technical Committee
D19 - Water
Drafting Committee
D19.08 - Membranes and Ion Exchange Materials
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D5615-95(2001) - Standard Test Method for Operating Characteristics of Home Reverse Osmosis Devices
Effective Date
15-Jun-2007
Replaced By
ASTM D5615-07e1 - Standard Test Method for Operating Characteristics of Home Reverse Osmosis Devices (Withdrawn 2016)
Effective Date
15-Jun-2007

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ASTM D5615-07 - Standard Test Method for Operating Characteristics of Home Reverse Osmosis Devices
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D5615–07
Standard Test Method for
Operating Characteristics of Home Reverse Osmosis
1
Devices
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5615; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Terminology
1.1 This test method covers determination of the operating 3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this test
characteristicsofhomereverseosmosisdevicesusingstandard method,refertoTerminologyD1129.Fordescriptionsofterms
test conditions. It does not necessarily determine the charac- relating to reverse osmosis, refer to Test Methods D4194 and
teristics of the devices operating on natural waters. D6161.
1.2 This test method is applicable for spiral-wound devices.
4. Summary of Test Method
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information 4.1 This test method consists of determining the permeate
flow rate and sodium chloride rejection for reverse osmosis
only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the devicesat345-kPa(50-psi)feedgagepressure,25°Cand22%
conversion using an aqueous 300-mg/L sodium chloride solu-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- tion.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
5. Significance and Use
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5.1 Home reverse osmosis devices are typically used to
2. Referenced Documents
remove salts and other impurities from drinking water at the
2
2.1 ASTM Standards: point of use. They are usually operated at tap water line
pressure, with water containing up to several hundred milli-
D512 Test Methods for Chloride Ion In Water
D1125 Test Methods for Electrical Conductivity and Resis- grams per litre of total dissolved solids. This test method
tivity of Water permits measurement of the performance of home reverse
osmosis devices using a standard set of conditions and is
D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water intended for short-term testing (less than 24 h). This test
method can be used to determine changes that may have
D1293 Test Methods for pH of Water
D2777 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias of occurred in the operating characteristics of home reverse
osmosisdevicesduringuse,butitisnotintendedtobeusedfor
Applicable Test Methods of Committee D19 on Water
D4194 Test Methods for Operating Characteristics of Re- systemdesign.Thistestmethoddoesnotnecessarilydetermine
the device’s performance when solutes other than sodium
verse Osmosis and Nanofiltration Devices
D4516 Practice for Standardizing Reverse Osmosis Perfor- chloride are present. Use Practice D4516 and Test Methods
D4194 to standardize actual field data to a standard set of
mance Data
D6161 Terminology Used for Microfiltration, Ultrafiltra- conditions.
5.2 This test method is applicable for spiral-wound devices.
tion, Nanofiltration and Reverse Osmosis Membrane Pro-
cesses
6. Apparatus
6.1 Theapparatusforthetestmethodisdescribedschemati-
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water
cally in Fig. 1.Aconductivity meter can be used to determine
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.08 on Membranes and Ion
thesaltconcentrationinaccordancewithTestMethodsD1125.
Exchange Materials.
6.2 Installation:
Current edition approved June 15, 2007. Published July 2007. Originally
6.2.1 Materials of construction shall preferably be of plastic
approved in 1994. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D5615–95 (2001).
DOI: 10.1520/D5615-07.
or stainless steel (use 316 or better to minimize corrosion) for
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
all wetted parts to prevent contamination of the feed solution
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
bycorrosionproducts.Donotusereactivepipingmaterialsuch
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. as plain carbon steel, galvanized or cadmium-plated carbon
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5615–07
FIG. 1 Flow Schematic of Testing Apparatus
steel, and cast iron for piping. Ensure that no contamination measuring individual pressures and the device pressure drop
will occur from oil films on new metal piping, release agents (DP). Individual gages are also satisfactory but are not as
onrawplasticco
...

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ASTM D1291-17(2023)(Practice)
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Chlorine is added to potable water, waste water, and industrial water for a variety of purposes. Some of these purposes are:  
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1.1 This practice provides a means of estimating the quantity of chlorine required to be added to a unit volume of water to accomplish a predetermined treatment objective or to completely react with all chlorine reactable substances in the water, or both.  
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1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
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ASTM D5615-23(Practice)
Standard Practice for Operating Characteristics of Home Reverse Osmosis Devices

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Home reverse osmosis devices are typically used to remove salts and other impurities from drinking water at the point of use. They are usually operated at tap water line pressure, with water containing up to several hundred milligrams per litre of total dissolved solids. This practice permits measurement of the performance of home reverse osmosis devices using a standard set of conditions and is intended for short-term testing (less than 24 h). This practice can be used to determine changes that may have occurred in the operating characteristics of home reverse osmosis devices during use, but it is not intended to be used for system design. This practice does not necessarily determine the device’s performance when solutes other than sodium chloride are present. Use Practice D4516 and Test Methods D4194 to standardize actual field data to a standard set of conditions.  
5.2 This practice is applicable for spiral-wound devices.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers determination of the operating characteristics of home reverse osmosis devices using standard test conditions. It does not necessarily determine the characteristics of the devices operating on natural waters.  
1.2 This practice is applicable for spiral-wound devices.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
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1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D4012-23a(Test Method)
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 A rapid and routine procedure for determining biomass of the living microorganisms in cultures, waters, wastewaters, and in plankton and periphyton samples taken from surface waters is frequently of vital importance. However, classical techniques such as direct microscope counts, turbidity, organic chemical analyses, cell tagging, and plate counts are expensive, time-consuming, or tend to underestimate total numbers. In addition, some of these methods do not distinguish between living and nonliving cells.  
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1.1 This test method covers a protocol for capturing, extracting and quantifying the cellular adenosine triphosphate (cATP) content associated with microorganisms normally found in laboratory cultures and waters in plankton and periphyton samples from waters.  
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5.1 This test method is useful for the analysis of total uranium in water following wet-ashing, as required, due to impurities or suspended materials in the water.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of total uranium, by mass concentration, in water within the calibrated range of the instrument, 0.1 μg/L or greater. Samples with uranium mass concentrations above the laser phosphorimeter dynamic range are diluted to bring the concentration to a measurable level.  
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5.2 Hardness is caused by any polyvalent cations, but those other than Ca+2 and Mg+2 are seldom present in more than trace amounts. The term hardness was originally applied to water in which it was hard to wash; it referred to the soap-wasting properties of water. With most normal alkaline water, these soap-wasting properties are directly related to the calcium and magnesium content.
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5.1 This test method has been developed by U.S. EPA Region 5 Chicago Regional Laboratory (CRL).  
5.2 The N-methyl carbamate (NMC) pesticides: aldicarb, carbofuran, methomyl, oxamyl, and thiofanox have been identified by EPA as working through a common mechanism. These affect the nervous system by reducing the ability of enzymes. Enzyme inhibition was the primary toxicological effect of regulatory concern to EPA in assessing the NMC’s food, drinking water, and residential risks. In most of the country, NMC residues in drinking water sources are at levels that are not likely to contribute substantially to the multi-pathway cumulative exposure. Shallow private wells extending through highly permeable soils into shallow, acidic ground water represent what the EPA believes to be the most vulnerable drinking water. Aldicarb sulfone and aldicarb sulfoxide are breakdown products of aldicarb and should also be monitored due to their toxicological effects.4  
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1.2 The Detection Verification Level (DVL) and Reporting Range for the carbamates are listed in Table 1.    
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1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
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Standard Test Method for Determination of Bisphenol A in Environmental Waters by Liquid Chromatography/Tandem Mass Spectrometry

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The first reported synthesis of BPA was by the reaction of phenol with acetone by Zincke.4 BPA has become an important high volume industrial chemical used in the manufacture of polycarbonate plastic and epoxy resins. Polycarbonate plastic and resins are used in numerous products including electrical and electronic equipment, automobiles, sports and safety equipment, reusable food and drink containers, electrical laminates for printed circuit boards, composites, paints, adhesives, dental sealants, protective coatings and many other products.5  
5.2 The environmental source of BPA is predominantly from the decomposition of polycarbonate plastics and resins. BPA is not classified as bio-accumulative by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and will biodegrade. BPA has been reported to have adverse effects in aquatic organisms and may be released into environmental waters directly at trace levels through landfill leachate and POTW effluents. This method has been investigated for use with surface water and secondary and tertiary POTW effluent samples therefore, it is applicable to these matrices only. It has not been investigated for use with salt water or solid sample matrices.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of bisphenol A (BPA) extracted from water utilizing solid phase extraction (SPE), separated using liquid chromatography (LC) and detected with tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). BPA is qualitatively and quantitatively determined by this method. This test method adheres to multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mass spectrometry.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 The method detection limit (MDL) and reporting limit (RL) for BPA are listed in Table 1.  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Pesticides may be used in various agricultural and household products. These products may enter waterways at low levels through run-off or misuse near water resources. Hence, there is a need for quick, easy and robust method to determine pesticide concentration in water matrices for understanding the sources and concentration levels in affected areas.  
5.2 This method has been single-laboratory validated in reagent water and surface waters (Tables 12-14).
SCOPE
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1.2 A full collaborative study to meet the requirements of Practice D2777 has not been completed. This standard contains single-operator precision and bias based on single-operator data. Publication of standards that have not been fully validated is done to make the current technology accessible to users of standards, and to solicit additional input from the user community.  
1.3 A reporting limit check sample (RLCS) is analyzed during every batch to ensure that if an analyte was present in a sample at or near the reporting limit it would be positively identified and accurately quantitated within set quality control limits. A method detection limit (MDL) study was not done for this method, the method detection limits would be much lower than the reporting limits in this method and would be irrelevant. A RLCS was determined to be more applicable for this standard. If this method is adapted to report much lower or near the MDL then a MDL study would be warranted.  
1.4 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 The Reporting Range for the target analytes are listed in Table 1.  
1.5.1 The reporting limit in this test method is the minimum value below which data are documented as non-detects. The reporting limit is calculated from the concentration of the Level 1 calibration standard as shown in Table 6 after taking into account an 8 mL water sample volume and a final diluted sample volume of 10 mL (80 % water/20 % methanol).  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D7485-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Nonylphenol, p-tert-Octylphenol, Nonylphenol Monoethoxylate and Nonylphenol Diethoxylate in Environmental Waters by Liquid Chromatography/Tandem Mass Spectrometry

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 NP and OP have been shown to have toxic effects in aquatic organisms. The source of NP and OP is prominently from the use of common commercial surfactants. The most widely used surfactant is nonylphenol ethoxylate (NPEO) which has an average ethoxylate chain length of nine. The ethoxylate chain is readily biodegraded to form NP1EO, NP2EO, nonylphenol carboxylate (NPEC) and, under anaerobic conditions, NP. NP will also biodegrade, but may be released into environmental waters directly at trace levels. This method has been investigated and is applicable for environmental waters, including seawater.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of nonylphenol (NP), nonylphenol ethoxylate (NP1EO), nonylphenol diethoxylate (NP2EO), and octylphenol (OP), extracted from water utilizing solid phase extraction (SPE), separated using liquid chromatography (LC) and detected with tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). These compounds are qualitatively and quantitatively determined by this method. This method adheres to single reaction monitoring (SRM) mass spectrometry.  
1.2 The method detection limit (MDL) and reporting limit (RL) for NP, NP1EO, NP2EO, and OP are listed in Table 1.    
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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    English language
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