ASTM C1709-22
(Guide)Standard Guide for Evaluation of Alternative Supplementary Cementitious Materials (ASCM) for Use in Concrete
Standard Guide for Evaluation of Alternative Supplementary Cementitious Materials (ASCM) for Use in Concrete
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Supplementary cementitious materials (SCM) covered under existing ASTM specifications are fly ash, slag cement, raw and calcined natural pozzolans including calcined clays, silica fume, and ground-glass pozzolan. The use of these materials, and limits established in existing specifications, are based on data obtained from research programs, field testing, and long term performance monitoring. Performance of SCM in specific concrete mixtures is commonly verified through preconstruction testing. This guide provides an approach to assessing the properties of materials that are not covered under existing specifications, and for assessing the performance of those materials in concrete.
4.2 If an ASCM does not yet have a significant record of performance in concrete, a comprehensive evaluation based on this Guide should be undertaken, and it should be recognized that this ASCM might be introduced for a specific project or into a limited marketplace to initially demonstrate its performance. The user should bear in mind the intended end use of the ASCM and use appropriate test methods to establish its suitability. An ASCM that demonstrates good performance through a comprehensive evaluation as outlined in this guide could then be considered to have access to broader markets and could be considered for inclusion in an ASTM standard for SCM. For this reason, the test program to demonstrate acceptable performance should include concrete mixtures with a range of characteristics specific to the ASCM’s intended use.
4.3 In the absence of long-term durability or acceptable field performance, prospective users are advised to apply appropriate risk management and engineering practice in the use of an ASCM.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide is intended to provide a technical approach to the evaluation of alternative supplementary cementitious materials such as pozzolans and hydraulic materials that fall outside the scope of Specifications C618, C989/C989M, C1240, and C1866/C1866M. This guide provides the initial steps for a comprehensive evaluation of an ASCM that provides due diligence for its specific intended uses in concrete; however, it does not evaluate conformance to all possible performance criteria for all types of concrete mixtures.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 Performing the tests or meeting the test limits in this guide should not imply that the material tested meets the requirements of Specifications C618, C989/C989M, C1240, and C1866/C1866M. These materials should not be represented as such and each specific source is to be evaluated separately.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: C1709 − 22
Standard Guide for
Evaluation of Alternative Supplementary Cementitious
1
Materials (ASCM) for Use in Concrete
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1709; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 This guide is intended to provide a technical approach to 2.1 ASTM Standards:
the evaluation of alternative supplementary cementitious ma- C39/C39M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylin-
terials such as pozzolans and hydraulic materials that fall drical Concrete Specimens
outside the scope of Specifications C618, C989/C989M, C78/C78M Test Method for Flexural Strength of Concrete
C1240, and C1866/C1866M. This guide provides the initial (Using Simple Beam with Third-Point Loading)
steps for a comprehensive evaluation of an ASCM that C109/C109M Test Method for Compressive Strength of
provides due diligence for its specific intended uses in con- Hydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or [50 mm] Cube
crete; however, it does not evaluate conformance to all possible Specimens)
performance criteria for all types of concrete mixtures. C114 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Hydraulic
Cement
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
C125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Ag-
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
gregates
standard.
C138/C138M Test Method for Density (Unit Weight), Yield,
1.3 Performing the tests or meeting the test limits in this
and Air Content (Gravimetric) of Concrete
guide should not imply that the material tested meets the
C143/C143M Test Method for Slump of Hydraulic-Cement
requirements of Specifications C618, C989/C989M, C1240,
Concrete
and C1866/C1866M. These materials should not be repre-
C157/C157M Test Method for Length Change of Hardened
sented as such and each specific source is to be evaluated
Hydraulic-Cement Mortar and Concrete
separately.
C186 Test Method for Heat of Hydration of Hydraulic
3
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the Cement (Withdrawn 2019)
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
C204 Test Methods for Fineness of Hydraulic Cement by
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- Air-Permeability Apparatus
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
C231/C231M Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Concrete by the Pressure Method
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
C232/C232M Test Method for Bleeding of Concrete
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- C311/C311M Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Fly
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Ash or Natural Pozzolans for Use in Portland-Cement
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- Concrete
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
C403/C403M Test Method for Time of Setting of Concrete
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. Mixtures by Penetration Resistance
1 2
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on Concrete and For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C09.24 on contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Supplementary Cementitious Materials. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2022. Published February 2023. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 2011. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as C1709–18. DOI: The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.ast-
10.1520/C1709-22. m.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C1709 − 22
C430 Test Method for Fineness of Hydraulic Cement by the 3.2.1 alternative supplementary cementitious materials
45-μm (No. 325) Sieve (ASCM), n—inorganic materials that react pozzolanically or
hydraulically, and beneficially contribute to the strength,
C457/C457M Test Method for Microscopical Determination
of Parameters of the Air-Void System in Hardened Con- durability, workability, or other characteristics of con
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C1709 − 18 C1709 − 22
Standard Guide for
Evaluation of Alternative Supplementary Cementitious
1
Materials (ASCM) for Use in Concrete
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1709; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This Guideguide is intended to provide a technical approach to the evaluation of alternative supplementary cementitious
materials such as pozzolans and hydraulic materials that fall outside the scope of Specifications C618, C989C989/C989M,
C1240and , and C1240C1866/C1866M. This Guideguide provides the initial steps for a comprehensive evaluation of an ASCM
that provides due diligence for its specific intended uses in concrete; however, it does not evaluate conformance to all possible
performance criteria for all types of concrete mixtures.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 Performing the tests or meeting the test limits in this guide should not imply that the material tested meets the requirements
of Specifications C618, C989C989/C989M, C1240and , and C1240C1866/C1866M. These materials should not be represented as
such and each specific source is to be evaluated separately.
1.4 This guide does not purport to address all environmental and safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this guide to establish the appropriate environmental, health, and safety issues, and identify
appropriate risk management procedures.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C39/C39M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens
C78C78/C78M Test Method for Flexural Strength of Concrete (Using Simple Beam with Third-Point Loading)
C109/C109M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Hydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or [50 mm] Cube Specimens)
C114 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Hydraulic Cement
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on Concrete and Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C09.24 on
Supplementary Cementitious Materials.
Current edition approved March 1, 2018Oct. 1, 2022. Published April 2018February 2023. Originally approved in 2011. Last previous edition approved in 20112018 as
C1709–11. DOI: 10.1520/C1709-18.–18. DOI: 10.1520/C1709-22.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C1709 − 22
C125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
C138/C138M Test Method for Density (Unit Weight), Yield, and Air Content (Gravimetric) of Concrete
C143/C143M Test Method for Slump of Hydraulic-Cement Concrete
C157/C157M Test Method for Length Change of Hardened Hydraulic-Cement Mortar and Concrete
3
C186 Test Method for Heat of Hydration of Hydraulic Cement (Withdrawn 2019)
C204 Test Methods for Fineness of Hydraulic Cement by Air-Permeability Apparatus
C231/C231M Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by the Pressure Method
C232/C232M Test Method for Bleeding of Concrete
C311C311/C311M Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Fly Ash or Natural Pozzolans for Use in Portland-Cement Concrete
C403/C403M Test Method for Time of Setting of Concrete Mixtures by Penetration Resistance
C430 T
...
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