ASTM D4190-03

Standard Test Method for Elements in Water by Direct-Current Argon Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is useful for the determination of element concentrations in many natural waters. It has the capability for the simultaneous determination of up to 15 separate elements. High analysis sensitivity can be achieved for some elements, such as boron and vanadium.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of dissolved and total recoverable elements in water, which includes drinking water, lake water, river water, sea water, snow, and Type II reagent water by direct current plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (DCP).
1.2 The information on precision and bias may not apply to other waters.
1.3 This test method is applicable to the 15 elements listed in Annex A1 (Table A1.1) and covers the ranges in Table 1.
1.4 This test method is not applicable to brines unless the sample matrix can be matched or the sample can be diluted by a factor of 200 up to 500 and still maintain the analyte concentration above the detection limit.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Aug-2003
• ICS: 13.060.50 - Examination of water for chemical substances
• Technical Committee: D19 - Water
• Drafting Committee: D19.05 - Inorganic Constituents in Water

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D4190-99 - Standard Test Method for Elements in Water by Direct-Current Argon Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2003
• Replaced By: ASTM D4190-08 - Standard Test Method for Elements in Water by Direct-Current Argon Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2008
• Referred By: ASTM D1971-16(2021)e1 - Standard Practices for Digestion of Water Samples for Determination of Metals by Flame Atomic Absorption, Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption, Plasma Emission Spectroscopy, or Plasma Mass Spectrometry
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2003
• Referred By: ASTM D4309-18 - Standard Practice for Sample Digestion Using Closed Vessel Microwave Heating Technique for the Determination of Total Metals in Water
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2003

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D4190–03
Standard Test Method for
Elements in Water by Direct-Current Plasma Atomic
1
Emission Spectroscopy
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4190; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
TABLE 1 Solutions for Analysis
1. Scope*
Solutions for Analysis, µg/L
1.1 This test method covers the determination of dissolved
Element P
12 3
and total recoverable elements in water, which includes drink-
ing water, lake water, river water, sea water, snow, and Type II
Al 50 100 190
Be 50 500 1000
reagent water by direct current plasma atomic emission spec-
B 50 500 1000
troscopy (DCP).
Cd 1000 50 500
1.2 The information on precision and bias may not apply to Cr 500 1000 50
Co 50 500 1000
other waters.
Cu 1000 50 500
1.3 This test method is applicable to the 15 elements listed
Fe 500 1000 50
in Annex A1 (Table A1.1) and covers the ranges in Table 1. Pb 500 200 1000
Mn 800 50 300
1.4 This test method is not applicable to brines unless the
Hg 500 1000 200
sample matrix can be matched or the sample can be diluted by
Ni 50 300 800
Sr 600 50 300
a factor of 200 up to 500 and still maintain the analyte
V 1000 50 400
concentration above the detection limit.
Zn 500 1000 50
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
D 5847 Practice for Writing Quality Control Specifications
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
4
for Standard Test Methods for Water Analysis
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
E 1097 Guide for Direct Current Plasma Emission Spec-
3
trometry Analysis
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3. Terminology
2
D 1066 Practice for Sampling Steam
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this test
3
D 1129 Terminology Relating to Water
method, refer to Terminology D 1129.
D 1192 Guide for Equipment for Sampling Water and
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3
Steam in Closed Conduits
3.2.1 LCS, n—laboratory control standard.
2
D 1193 Specification for Reagent Water
3.2.2 total recoverable element, n—a term relating to forms
D 3370 Practices for Sampling Water from Closed Con-
of each element that are determinable by the digestion method
2
duits
that is included in this test method.
D 4841 Practice for Estimation of Holding Time for Water
2
Samples Containing Organic and Inorganic Constituents
4. Summary of Test Method
2
D 5810 Guide for Spiking into Aqueous Solutions
4.1 Elements are determined, either sequentially or simul-
taneously, by d-c plasma atomic emission spectroscopy.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water 4.2 Matrix enhancement or suppression of the emission
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.05 on Inorganic Constituents
signal can be minimized by the addition of 2000 mg/L of
in Water.
lithium ion to all standards, samples, and blanks.
Current edition approved Aug. 10, 2003. Published September 2003. Originally
approved in 1982. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as D 4190 – 99.
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.01.
3 4
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol. 3.05. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.02.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D4190–03
4.3 Dissolved elements are determined by atomizing a used, provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of
filtered and acidified sample directly with no pretreatment. sufficient purity to permit its use without lessening the accu-
4.4 If the sample is clear, total recoverable elements are racy of the determination.
determined in the same manner as dissolved elements except 8.2 Purity of Water—Unless otherwise indicated, reference
that sample is unfiltered and acidified.
to water shall be understood to mean reagent water conforming
4.5 If there are large particles (non-colloidal) the total to Type I of Specification D 1193. Other reagent water types
recoverableelementsaredeterminedonaportionofthesample
may be used, provided it is first ascertained that the water is of
after a hydrochloric-nitric acid digestion (12.2-12.5).The same sufficiently high purity to permit its use without lessening the
digestion procedure is used to determine all total recoverable
bias and precision of th
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