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ASTM D6442-06(2012)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Determination of Copper Release Rate From Antifouling Coatings in Substitute Ocean Water

Standard Test Method for Determination of Copper Release Rate From Antifouling Coatings in Substitute Ocean Water

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method is designed to provide a laboratory procedure to quantify and characterize the release rates of copper from antifouling coatings in substitute ocean water over a period of immersion under specified laboratory conditions of constant temperature, pH, salinity, and low copper concentration. Quantitative measurement of the release rate is necessary to help in selection of materials, in providing quality control, and in understanding the performance mechanism.  
4.2 Results from this test method establish a pattern of copper release from an antifouling coating over a minimum of 45 days exposure under controlled laboratory conditions. Copper release rates from antifouling paints in-service vary over the life of the coating system depending on the formulation and on the physical and chemical properties of the environment. Factors such as differences in berthing locations, operating schedules, length of service, condition of paint film surface, temperature, pH, and salinity influence the actual release rate under environmental conditions. Results obtained using this test method do not reflect actual copper release rates that will occur in-service, but provide comparisons of the release rate of different antifouling formulations in substitute ocean water under the prescribed laboratory conditions.  
4.3 By comparison with copper release rate measurements obtained either by direct measurements of copper release rate from AF coating systems on ship hulls, or copper release rate measurements from AF coating systems from harbor exposed panels, all available data indicate that the results of this test method (Test Method D6442) significantly overestimate the release rate of copper when compared to release rates under in-service conditions. Published results demonstrate that this test method produces higher measurements of copper release rate than from direct in-situ measurements for the same coating on in-service ship hulls and harbor-exposed panels. The di...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the laboratory determination of the rate at which copper is released from an antifouling (AF) coating in substitute ocean water. The practical limits for quantifying copper release rates by this method are from 1.8 to 500 μg cm-2d-1. This range may be extended to 0.2 to 500 μg cm-2d-1 if the analytical procedure described in Appendix X1 is followed.Note 1—The term “substitute ocean water” is used throughout this standard to refer to artificial or synthetic seawater prepared in accordance with Practice D1141.  
1.2 The procedure contains the preparation steps for the release rate determination of copper from antifouling paints including apparatus, reagents, holding tank conditions, and sampling point details. Analysis for the concentration of copper in substitute ocean water requires the accurate determination of copper at the low parts μg L-1 (parts per billion, ppb) level. To detect and correct for reagent impurities, acceptable analytical precision standards are necessary. Therefore, the limit of quantitation (LOQ) for copper in substitute ocean water for the analytical method shall be 10 μg L-1 (10 ppb) or less. The procedure for determining the LOQ for copper in substitute ocean water for the analytical method is found in Annex A2.  
1.3 A suitable method is described in Appendix X1 (graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy, GF-AAS). Other analytical methods may be utilized with relevant procedural changes, as needed, to accommodate selected specific methods. Such methods must meet the limit of quantitation for copper in substitute ocean water of 10 μg L-1 (10 ppb) or less. See 1.2.  
1.4 This results of this test method do not reflect environmental copper release rates for antifouling products, and are not suitable for direct use in the process of generating environmental risk assessments, environmental loading estimates, or for establishing release rate limits for regulatory p...

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-May-2012
ICS
87.040 - Paints and varnishes
Technical Committee
D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
Drafting Committee
D01.45 - Marine Coatings
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D6442-06 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Copper Release Rate From Antifouling Coatings in Substitute Ocean Water
Effective Date
01-Jun-2012
Replaced By
ASTM D6442-06(2020) - Standard Test Method for Determination of Copper Release Rate From Antifouling Coatings in Substitute Ocean Water
Effective Date
01-Aug-2020
Referred By
ASTM D6903-07(2020) - Standard Test Method for Determination of Organic Biocide Release Rate From Antifouling Coatings in Substitute Ocean Water
Effective Date
01-Jun-2012

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ASTM D6442-06(2012) - Standard Test Method for Determination of Copper Release Rate From Antifouling Coatings in Substitute Ocean WaterASTM D6442-06(2012) - Standard Test Method for Determination of Copper Release Rate From Antifouling Coatings in Substitute Ocean Water
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ASTM D6442-06(2012) - Standard Test Method for Determination of Copper Release Rate From Antifouling Coatings in Substitute Ocean Water
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D6442 − 06 (Reapproved 2012)
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Copper Release Rate From Antifouling
1
Coatings in Substitute Ocean Water
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6442; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
1.1 This test method covers the laboratory determination of
only.
the rate at which copper is released from an antifouling (AF)
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
coating in substitute ocean water. The practical limits for
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
quantifying copper release rates by this method are from 1.8 to
-2 -1
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
500 µg cm d . This range may be extended to 0.2 to 500 µg
-2 -1
priate safety practices and to determine the applicability of
cm d iftheanalyticalproceduredescribedinAppendixX1is
regulatory limits prior to use. For specific hazard statements,
followed.
see Section 7.
NOTE 1—The term “substitute ocean water” is used throughout this
standard to refer to artificial or synthetic seawater prepared in accordance
2. Referenced Documents
with Practice D1141.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.2 The procedure contains the preparation steps for the
D1005 Test Method for Measurement of Dry-Film Thick-
release rate determination of copper from antifouling paints
ness of Organic Coatings Using Micrometers
including apparatus, reagents, holding tank conditions, and
D1141 Practice for the Preparation of Substitute Ocean
samplingpointdetails.Analysisfortheconcentrationofcopper
Water
insubstituteoceanwaterrequirestheaccuratedeterminationof
-1
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
copper at the low parts µg L (parts per billion, ppb) level. To
detect and correct for reagent impurities, acceptable analytical
3. Summary of Test Method
precision standards are necessary. Therefore, the limit of
3.1 The candidate paint is applied to cylindrical test speci-
quantitation (LOQ) for copper in substitute ocean water for the
-1
mens. The coated specimens are placed in a tank of substitute
analytical method shall be 10 µg L (10 ppb) or less. The
-1
ocean water where the copper levels are kept below 100 µg L
procedure for determining the LOQ for copper in substitute
by circulating the substitute ocean water through a suitable
ocean water for the analytical method is found in Annex A2.
filtration system (see 5.3). At specified intervals, each speci-
1.3 Asuitable method is described in Appendix X1 (graph-
men is placed in 1500 mL of substitute ocean water (see
ite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy, GF-AAS). Other
Section 9 for details) and rotated at 60 revolutions per minute
analytical methods may be utilized with relevant procedural
(rpm) for 1 h (or less, see 9.8 for further explanation and
changes,asneeded,toaccommodateselectedspecificmethods.
instruction). The rate of copper release from the paint is
Such methods must meet the limit of quantitation for copper in
determined by measuring copper concentrations of the substi-
-1
substitute ocean water of 10 µg L (10 ppb) or less. See 1.2.
tute ocean water in the individual measuring containers.
1.4 This results of this test method do not reflect environ-
3.2 Appendix X1 provides an analytical procedure for
mental copper release rates for antifouling products, and are
measuring copper concentrations in substitute ocean water.
not suitable for direct use in the process of generating
environmental risk assessments, environmental loading
4. Significance and Use
estimates, or for establishing release rate limits for regulatory
4.1 This test method is designed to provide a laboratory
purposes. See also Section 4 on Significance and Use.
procedure to quantify and characterize the release rates of
copperfromantifoulingcoatingsinsubstituteoceanwaterover
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint
and Related Coatings, Materials, andApplications and is the direct responsibility of
2
Subcommittee D01.45 on Marine Coatings. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved June 1, 2012. Published August 2012. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D6442 – 06. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/D6442-06R12. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes s
...

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