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ASTM D5234-92(2017)

(Guide)

Standard Guide for Analysis of Ethylene Product

Standard Guide for Analysis of Ethylene Product

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 When the various producers and users of ethylene product deal with the results obtained in analytical testing, inconsistency of units and test methods may cause major errors. This guide provides an overview of the typical concentrations of the possible components found in ethylene product, the methods used in analysis, and the units of measure. This overview is intended to be used to improve the consistency of methods and the units reported so that errors are minimized. Each producer and user of ethylene product should immediately review this guide to improve their awareness of the various analytical methods in use, the units of measure, and concentration levels of the possible components.  
4.2 Although this guide is not to be used for specifications, it can provide a starting point for the various parties to develop mutually agreed upon specifications that meet their respective requirements. It can also be used as a starting point in finding suitable test methods for ethylene components.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers and provides direction for the analysis of ethylene product in a way that allows the analyst to know the possible test methods, the units of measure, and the potential concentrations range of possible components, so that the consistency of the analytical measurements is improved. This guide is not intended to be used, nor to be construed in any way, as a set of specifications for ethylene product.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
31-Dec-2016
ICS
71.080.10 - Aliphatic hydrocarbons
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Drafting Committee
D02.D0.02 - Ethylene
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Refers
ASTM D4178-23 - Standard Practice for Calibrating Moisture Analyzers
Effective Date
01-Oct-2023
Refers
ASTM F307-13(2020) - Standard Practice for Sampling Pressurized Gas for Gas Analysis
Effective Date
01-Apr-2020
Refers
ASTM D4178-82(2017) - Standard Practice for Calibrating Moisture Analyzers
Effective Date
01-Oct-2017
Refers
ASTM D2505-88(2015) - Standard Test Method for Ethylene, Other Hydrocarbons, and Carbon Dioxide in High-Purity Ethylene by Gas Chromatography (Withdrawn 2024)
Effective Date
01-Jun-2015
Refers
ASTM D2504-88(2015) - Standard Test Method for Noncondensable Gases in C<inf>2</inf> and Lighter Hydrocarbon Products by Gas Chromatography (Withdrawn 2024)
Effective Date
01-Jun-2015
Refers
ASTM D3246-15 - Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Gas by Oxidative Microcoulometry (Withdrawn 2024)
Effective Date
01-Jan-2015
Refers
ASTM D3246-14 - Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Gas by Oxidative Microcoulometry
Effective Date
01-May-2014
Refers
ASTM F307-13 - Standard Practice for Sampling Pressurized Gas for Gas Analysis
Effective Date
01-Jun-2013
Refers
ASTM D4468-85(2011) - Standard Test Method for Total Sulfur in Gaseous Fuels by Hydrogenolysis and<br> Rateometric Colorimetry
Effective Date
01-Nov-2011
Refers
ASTM D3246-11 - Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Gas by Oxidative Microcoulometry
Effective Date
01-Jun-2011
Refers
ASTM D2505-88(2010) - Standard Test Method for Ethylene, Other Hydrocarbons, and Carbon Dioxide in High-Purity Ethylene by Gas Chromatography
Effective Date
01-May-2010
Refers
ASTM D2504-88(2010) - Standard Test Method for Noncondensable Gases in C<sub>2</sub> and Lighter Hydrocarbon Products by Gas Chromatography
Effective Date
01-May-2010
Refers
ASTM F307-02(2007) - Standard Practice for Sampling Pressurized Gas for Gas Analysis
Effective Date
01-Apr-2007
Refers
ASTM D4468-85(2006) - Standard Test Method for Total Sulfur in Gaseous Fuels by Hydrogenolysis and Rateometric Colorimetry
Effective Date
01-Jun-2006
Refers
ASTM D4178-82(2005) - Standard Practice for Calibrating Moisture Analyzers
Effective Date
01-Nov-2005

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ASTM D5234-92(2017) - Standard Guide for Analysis of Ethylene ProductASTM D5234-92(2017) - Standard Guide for Analysis of Ethylene Product
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ASTM D5234-92(2017) - Standard Guide for Analysis of Ethylene Product
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D5234 − 92 (Reapproved 2017)
Standard Guide for
Analysis of Ethylene Product
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5234; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.1 ethylene product, n—hydrocarbon product containing
at least 99.85 % mass ethylene.
1.1 Thisguidecoversandprovidesdirectionfortheanalysis
ofethyleneproductinawaythatallowstheanalysttoknowthe 3.2 Symbols:
possible test methods, the units of measure, and the potential
3.2.1 C4s, n—saturated and unsaturated four carbon hydro-
concentrations range of possible components, so that the carbon compounds.
consistency of the analytical measurements is improved. This
3.2.2 COS, n—carbonyl sulfide.
guide is not intended to be used, nor to be construed in any
3.2.3 GC, n—gas chromatograph.
way, as a set of specifications for ethylene product.
3.2.4 FPD, n—flame photometric detector.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
3.2.5 IC, n—ion chromatograph.
standard.
3.2.6 MeOH, n—methanol.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.2.7 NO, n—nitric oxide.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.2.8 NO,n—nitrogen dioxide.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.2.9 O,n—oxygen.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. 2
3.2.10 sp. ion electrode, n—specific ion electrode.
2. Referenced Documents
4. Significance and Use
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D2504 Test Method for Noncondensable Gases in C and
4.1 When the various producers and users of ethylene
Lighter Hydrocarbon Products by Gas Chromatography
product deal with the results obtained in analytical testing,
D2505 Test Method for Ethylene, Other Hydrocarbons, and
inconsistency of units and test methods may cause major
Carbon Dioxide in High-Purity Ethylene by Gas Chroma-
errors. This guide provides an overview of the typical concen-
tography
trations of the possible components found in ethylene product,
D3246 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Gas by Oxida-
the methods used in analysis, and the units of measure. This
tive Microcoulometry
overview is intended to be used to improve the consistency of
D4178 Practice for Calibrating Moisture Analyzers
methods and the units reported so that errors are minimized.
D4468 Test Method for Total Sulfur in Gaseous Fuels by
Each producer and user of ethylene product should immedi-
Hydrogenolysis and Rateometric Colorimetry
ately review this guide to improve their awareness of the
F307 Practice for Sampling Pressurized Gas for Gas Analy-
various analytical methods in use, the units of measure, and
sis
concentration levels of the possible components.
4.2 Although this guide is not to be used for specifications,
3. Terminology
it can provide a starting point for the various parties to develop
3.1 Definitions:
mutually agreed upon specifications that meet their respective
requirements. It can also be used as a starting point in finding
suitable test methods for ethylene components.
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum
Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcom-
mittee D02.D0.02 on Ethylene.
5. Sampling
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2017. Published February 2017. Originally
5.1 In general, sample ethylene product using Practice
approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D5234 – 92 (2012).
DOI: 10.1520/D5234-92R17.
F307, or a similar method. Do not take liquid ethylene samples
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
in order to prevent over-pressuring of sample containers and
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
elimination of fire and explosion hazards. Static electricity can
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. develop when discharging excess hydrocarbon at a fairly rapid
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D5234 − 92 (2017)
A
TABLE 2 Ethylene Test Methods (Non-ASTM)
rate from a sample cylinder to ambient conditions. Use a
Components Possible Test Methods
grounding system or strap.
Methane, ethane propane, pro- An adaptation of Test Method D2505 is
5.2 Reactive and Polar Components:
pylen
...

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5.1 This procedure describes a rapid and sensitive method for estimating the stability reserve of an oil. The stability reserve is estimated in terms of a separability number, where a low value of the separability number indicates that there is a stability reserve within the oil. When the separability number is between 0 to 5, the oil can be considered to have a high stability reserve and asphaltenes are not likely to flocculate. If the separability number is between 5 to 10, the stability reserve in the oil will be much lower. However, asphaltenes are, in this case, not likely to flocculate as long as the oil is not exposed to any worse conditions, such as storing, aging, and heating. If the separability number is above 10, the stability reserve of the oil is very low and asphaltenes will easily flocculate, or have already started to flocculate.  
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FIG. 1 Schematic Representation of a Typical Measurement Using an Optical Scanning Device  
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1.1 This test method covers the quantitative measurement, either in the laboratory or in the field, of how easily asphaltene-containing heavy fuel oils diluted in toluene phase separate upon addition of heptane. This is measured as a separability number (%) by the use of an optical scanning device.  
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5.1 In processes producing propylene, COS usually remains with the C3 hydrocarbons and must be removed, since it affects product quality. COS acts as a poison to commercial polymerization catalysts, resulting in deactivation and costly process downtime.  
5.2 Accurate gas chromatographic determination of trace COS in propylene involves unique analytical problems because of the chemical nature of COS and idiosyncracies of trace level analyses. These problems result from the reactive and absorptive nature of COS, the low concentration levels being measured, the type of detector needed, and the interferences from the propylene sample matrix. This test method addresses these analytical problems and ways to properly handle them to assure accurate and precise analyses.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of traces of carbonyl sulfide (COS) in propylene. It is applicable to COS concentrations from 0.5 mg/kg to 4.0 mg/kg (parts per million by mass). See Note 1.  
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1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
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Standard Guide for Analysis of 1,3–Butadiene Product

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4.1 This guide is intended to provide information on the possible composition of 1,3-butadiene products and possible ways to test them. Since there are currently not enough ASTM standards for determining all components of interest, this guide provides information on other potentially available test methods.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers the analysis of 1,3–butadiene products produced in North America. It includes possible components and test methods, both ASTM and other, either actually used or believed to be in use, to test for these components. This guide is not intended to be used or construed as a set of specifications for butadiene products.  
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