ASTM D3800-22
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Density of High-Modulus Fibers
Standard Test Method for Density of High-Modulus Fibers
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Fiber density is useful in the evaluation of new materials at the research and development level and is one of the material properties normally given in fiber specifications.
5.2 Fiber density is used to determine fiber strength and modulus of both a fiber bundle and an individual filament. These properties are based on load or modulus slope over an effective area. Fiber density may be used with lineal mass of the fiber to give an approximation of effective tow area. Tow area divided by the average number of filaments in a tow gives an approximation of the effective area of an individual filament.
5.3 Fiber density is used as a constituent property when determining reinforcement volume and void volume based on reinforcement mass and laminate density.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the density of high-modulus fibers and is applicable to both continuous and discontinuous fibers.
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Section 9 for additional information.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D3800 − 22
Standard Test Method for
1
Density of High-Modulus Fibers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3800; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope Computerized Material Property Databases (Withdrawn
3
1999)
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the density
E12 Terminology Relating to Density and Specific Gravity
ofhigh-modulusfibersandisapplicabletobothcontinuousand
3
of Solids, Liquids, and Gases (Withdrawn 1996)
discontinuous fibers.
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded
ASTM Test Methods
as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
standard.
3. Terminology
1.3 This standard may involve hazardous materials,
3.1 Definitions—Terminology D3878 defines terms relating
operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to
tocompositematerials.TerminologyE12definestermsrelating
address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its
to density. Practice E177 defines terms relating to statistics. In
use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to
theeventofaconflictbetweenterms,TerminologyD3878shall
establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental prac-
have precedence over other standards.
tices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations
3.2 Symbols:
prior to use. See Section 9 for additional information.
3.2.1 ρ —density of standard
s
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
3.2.2 ρ —density of liquid
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
l
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3.2.3 ρ —density of fiber
f
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
3.2.4 ρ —density of the measured fiber containing sizing
mf
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
3.2.5 ρ —density of the measured liquid containing surfac-
ml
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
tant
2. Referenced Documents
3.2.6 ρ —density of surfactant
sur
2
2.1 ASTM Standards: 3.2.7 ρ —density of sizing
sz
D891 TestMethodsforSpecificGravity,Apparent,ofLiquid
3.2.8 ρ —density of water
w
Industrial Chemicals
3.2.9 s—standard deviation
D1505 Test Method for Density of Plastics by the Density-
3.2.10 M —weight of suspension wire in air
1
Gradient Technique
D3878 Terminology for Composite Materials
3.2.11 M —weight of suspension wire in liquid (to immer-
2
D5229/D5229M Test Method for MoistureAbsorption Prop- sion point)
erties and Equilibrium Conditioning of Polymer Matrix
3.2.12 M —weight of suspension wire plus item whose
3
Composite Materials
density is to be determined (in air)
D6308 Guide for Identification of Composite Materials in
3.2.13 M —weight of suspension wire plus item whose
4
density is to be determined (in liquid)
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D30 on
3.2.14 M –M —weight of item for density to be deter-
3 1
Composite Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D30.03 on
mined in air
Constituent/Precursor Properties.
3.2.15 M –M —weight of item for density to be deter-
Current edition approved May 1, 2022. Published May 2022. Originally
4 2
approved in 1979. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as D3800 – 16. DOI:
mined in liquid
10.1520/D3800-22.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
the ASTM website. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3800 − 22
4. Summary of Test Method where
x = mass of sizing as a percentage of the total mass of the
4.1 Procedure A—Buoyancy (Archimedes) Method:
measured fiber.
4.1.1 The sample is weighed in air and weighed in a liquid
that will thoroughly wet the sample and is of a lower density.
6.1.5 Effect of Surfactant Density—The addition of a sur-
4.1.2 The difference in weight of the sample in the two
factant to a liquid may produce bias if not considered. The
media is the buoyancy force. This force is converted to sample
effect may
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D3800 − 16 D3800 − 22
Standard Test Method for
1
Density of High-Modulus Fibers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3800; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the density of high-modulus fibers and is applicable to both continuous and
discontinuous fibers.
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
standard.
1.3 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all
of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate
safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See
Section 9 for additional information.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D891 Test Methods for Specific Gravity, Apparent, of Liquid Industrial Chemicals
D1505 Test Method for Density of Plastics by the Density-Gradient Technique
D3878 Terminology for Composite Materials
D5229/D5229M Test Method for Moisture Absorption Properties and Equilibrium Conditioning of Polymer Matrix Composite
Materials
3
D6308 Guide for Identification of Composite Materials in Computerized Material Property Databases (Withdrawn 1999)
3
E12 Terminology Relating to Density and Specific Gravity of Solids, Liquids, and Gases (Withdrawn 1996)
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—Terminology D3878 defines terms relating to composite materials. Terminology E12 defines terms relating to
density. Practice E177 defines terms relating to statistics. In the event of a conflict between terms, Terminology D3878 shall have
precedence over other standards.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D30 on Composite Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D30.03 on
Constituent/Precursor Properties.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2016May 1, 2022. Published November 2016May 2022. Originally approved in 1979. Last previous edition approved in 20112016 as
D3800M – 11.D3800 – 16. DOI: 10.1520/D3800-16.10.1520/D3800-22.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3800 − 22
3.2 Symbols:
3.2.1 ρ —density of standard
s
3.2.2 ρ —density of liquid
l
3.2.3 ρ —density of fiber
f
3.2.4 ρ —density of the measured fiber containing sizing
mf
3.2.5 ρ —density of the measured liquid containing surfactant
ml
3.2.6 ρ —density of surfactant
sur
3.2.7 ρ —density of sizing
sz
3.2.8 ρ —density of water
w
3.2.9 s—standard deviation
3.2.10 M —weight of suspension wire in air
1
3.2.11 M —weight of suspension wire in liquid (to immersion point)
2
3.2.12 M —weight of suspension wire plus item whose density is to be determined (in air)
3
3.2.13 M —weight of suspension wire plus item whose density is to be determined (in liquid)
4
3.2.14 M – M —weight of item for density to be determined in air
3 1
3.2.15 M – M —weight of item for density to be determined in liquid
4 2
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 Procedure A—Buoyancy (Archimedes) Method:
4.1.1 The sample is weighed in air and weighed in a liquid that will thoroughly wet the sample and is of a lower density.
4.1.2 The difference in weight of the sample in the two media is the buoyancy force. This force is converted
...
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