ASTM D25-12(2017)

Standard Specification for Round Timber Piles

ABSTRACT
This specification deals with the standards for unused round timber piles to be used either treated or untreated. This specification, however, does not cover preused piles unless the piles have the quality and design stresses equal to or greater than those prescribed herein. The piles shall be made of sound wood, free of decay, insect attacks, marine borer attack, and Limnoria damage. The piles shall also be cut above the ground swell and have a tapered tip.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the physical characteristics of unused round timber piles to be used either treated or untreated.  
1.2 This specification is not intended for preused piles unless the piles have the quality specified by this specification and design stresses equal to or greater than those derived from Method D2899.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Sep-2017
• ICS: 79.080 - Semi-manufactures of timber
• Technical Committee: D07 - Wood
• Drafting Committee: D07.04 - Pole and Pile Products

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D25 −12 (Reapproved 2017)
Standard Specification for
1
Round Timber Piles
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationD25;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginal
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope 3. Species of Wood
3.1 Piles shall be of any species of wood for which clear
1.1 This specification covers the physical characteristics of
wood strength values are given in Test Methods D2555.
unused round timber piles to be used either treated or un-
treated.
4. Classification
1.2 This specification is not intended for preused piles
4.1 Timber piles are commonly used to transfer structural
unless the piles have the quality specified by this specification
loads to sub surface soil bearing strata by way of friction or tip
and design stresses equal to or greater than those derived from
end bearing forces, or both.
Method D2899.
4.2 Method D2899 provides a basis for specifying the pile
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
size. This standard gives a procedure for estimating the design
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
stress at any location along the pile length. As design stress
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
must always exceed that imposed under service conditions, the
and are not considered standard.
quotient of the structural loads divided by the design stress
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
gives an estimate of the minimum section property required at
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
any location.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4.3 Under this specification, pile size requirements esti-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mated at a critical location are extrapolated to either the tip or
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
buttendassumingalineartaper.Forthisspecification,pilesare
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
classified by nominal circumference and length.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
5. Quality Requirement (All Piles)
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
5.1 Piles shall be of sound wood, free of decay, insect
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
attack, marine borer attack, and Limnoria damage, except as
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
herein allowed in 13.2 and 14.1.
2. Referenced Documents
5.2 Piles shall be cut above the ground swell and have a
2 taper from butt to tip.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.3 Piles shall have an average rate of growth measured in
D9 Terminology Relating to Wood and Wood-Based Prod-
ucts the outer 50 % of the radius at the pile tip of not less than 6
D2555 PracticeforEstablishingClearWoodStrengthValues rings per inch and shall have an average summerwood content
D2899 Practice for Establishing Allowable Stresses for of not less than 33.3 % in the outer 50 % of the tip radius.
Round Timber Piles Exception: Piles with less than 6 rings per inch are acceptable
if the average is 50 % or more summerwood present in the
outer 50 % of the pile tip radius.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D07 on Wood 5.4 Piles that cannot be adequately inspected for the physi-
and is under the jurisdiction of Subcommittee D07.04 on Pole and Pile Products.
cal requirements specified in this specification due to adhering
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2017. Published October 2017. Originally
barnacles or other material shall not be permitted.
approved in 1915. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D25 – 12. DOI:
10.1520/D0025-12R17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or 6. Lengths
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
6.1 All piles shall be furnished in lengths specified, except
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. that tolerances shall be allowed as follows:
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D25−12 (2017)
6.1.1 Piles 40 ft (12.2 m) and shorter—plus 1 ft (0.3 m), 9.2 All knots and limbs shall be cut flush with the surface of
minus 6 in. (152 mm). the pile, except that knots may be hand-trimmed flush with the
6.1.2 Piles41ft(12.5m)orlonger—plus2ft(0.6m),minus surface of the swe
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D25 − 12 D25 − 12 (Reapproved 2017)
Standard Specification for
1
Round Timber Piles
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D25; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers the physical characteristics of unused round timber piles to be used either treated or untreated.
1.2 This specification is not intended for preused piles unless the piles have the quality specified by this specification and design
stresses equal to or greater than those derived from Method D2899.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D9 Terminology Relating to Wood and Wood-Based Products
D2555 Practice for Establishing Clear Wood Strength Values
D2899 Practice for Establishing Allowable Stresses for Round Timber Piles
3. Species of Wood
3.1 Piles shall be of any species of wood for which clear wood strength values are given in Test Methods D2555.
4. Classification
4.1 Timber piles are commonly used to transfer structural loads to sub surface soil bearing strata by way of friction or tip end
bearing forces, or both.
4.2 Method D2899 provides a basis for specifying the pile size. This standard gives a procedure for estimating the design stress
at any location along the pile length. As design stress must always exceed that imposed under service conditions, the quotient of
the structural loads divided by the design stress gives an estimate of the minimum section property required at any location.
4.3 Under this specification, pile size requirements estimated at a critical location are extrapolated to either the tip or butt end
assuming a linear taper. For this specification, piles are classified by nominal circumference and length.
5. Quality Requirement (All Piles)
5.1 Piles shall be of sound wood, free of decay, insect attack, marine borer attack, and Limnoria damage, except as herein
allowed in 13.2 and 14.1.
5.2 Piles shall be cut above the ground swell and have a taper from butt to tip.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D07 on Wood and is under the jurisdiction of Subcommittee D07.04 on Pole and Pile Products.
Current edition approved May 1, 2012Oct. 1, 2017. Published August 2012October 2017. Originally approved in 1915. Last previous edition approved in 20052012 as
D25 – 99 (2005).D25 – 12. DOI: 10.1520/D0025-12.10.1520/D0025-12R17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’sstandard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D25 − 12 (2017)
5.3 Piles shall have an average rate of growth measured in the outer 50 % of the radius at the pile tip of not less than 6 rings
per inch and shall have an average summerwood content of not less than 33.3 % in the outer 50 % of the tip radius. Exception:
Piles with less than 6 rings per inch are acceptable if the average is 50 % or more summerwood present in the outer 50 % of the
pile tip radius.
5.4 Piles that cannot be adequately inspected for the physical requirements specified in this specification due to adhering
barnacles or other material shall not be permi
...