ASTM D3860-98(2003)

Standard Practice for Determination of Adsorptive Capacity of Activated Carbon by Aqueous Phase Isotherm Technique

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This practice is used when activated carbon is considered as an adsorbent in treating water. Since both granular and powdered activated carbons are commercially available, a standard practice is needed to ensure that the activated carbons are evaluated under the same test conditions. Specified particle size carbon is to be used to ensure that the same test conditions are used. The practice is generally performed at 20°C; however, other temperatures may be used and noted.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the determination of the adsorptive capacity of activated carbon to remove undesirable constituents from water and waste water. It can be used to evaluate the adsorptive capacity of activated or reactivated carbon.
1.2 This practice is not recommended unless special precautions are taken to reduce loss during sample preparation and analysis.
1.3 This practice is recommended to determine the adsorptive capacity of activated carbon for the following applications, but is not limited to these applications:
1.3.1 Removal of color from dye mill waste water,
1.3.2 Removal of taste or odor constituents, or both, from potable waters,
1.3.3 Removal of toxicants from water,
1.3.4 Removal of surface active agents from water,
1.3.5 Removal of BOD5 from sanitary waste waters, and
1.3.6 Removal of TOC from industrial waste waters.
1.4 The following safety caveat applies to the procedure section of this practice: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Sep-2003
• Technical Committee: D28 - Activated Carbon
• Drafting Committee: D28.02 - Liquid Phase Evaluation

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D3860-98 - Standard Practice for Determination of Adsorptive Capacity of Activated Carbon by Aqueous Phase Isotherm Technique
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2003
• Replaced By: ASTM D3860-98(2008) - Standard Practice for Determination of Adsorptive Capacity of Activated Carbon by Aqueous Phase Isotherm Technique
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2008
• Referred By: ASTM D4607-14(2021) - Standard Test Method for Determination of Iodine Number of Activated Carbon
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2003

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation:D 3860–98 (Reapproved2003)
Standard Practice for
Determination of Adsorptive Capacity of Activated Carbon
by Aqueous Phase Isotherm Technique
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3860; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Terminology
1.1 This practice covers the determination of the adsorptive 3.1 Definitions:
capacityofactivatedcarbontoremoveundesirableconstituents 3.1.1 Fordefinitionsoftermsusedinthispracticerelatingto
from water and waste water. It can be used to evaluate the activated carbon, refer to Terminology D 2652.
adsorptive capacity of activated or reactivated carbon. 3.1.2 For definition of terms used in this practice relating to
1.2 This practice is not recommended unless special precau- water, refer to Terminology D 1129.
tions are taken to reduce loss during sample preparation and
4. Summary of Practice
analysis.
4.1 This practice consists of the determination of the ad-
1.3 This practice is recommended to determine the adsorp-
tivecapacityofactivatedcarbonforthefollowingapplications, sorptive capacity of activated carbon for adsorbable constitu-
ents by contacting the aqueous solution with activated carbon,
but is not limited to these applications:
1.3.1 Removal of color from dye mill waste water, determining the amount of the constituents removed, and
calculating the adsorptive capacity from a Freundlich isotherm
1.3.2 Removal of taste or odor constituents, or both, from
potable waters, plot.
4.1.1 Sample weights of activated carbon may have to be
1.3.3 Removal of toxicants from water,
1.3.4 Removal of surface active agents from water, adjusted, depending on the concentration of adsorbable con-
stituents in the water.
1.3.5 Removal of BOD from sanitary waste waters, and
1.3.6 Removal of TOC from industrial waste waters.
5. Significance and Use
1.4 The following safety caveat applies to the procedure
5.1 This practice is used when activated carbon is consid-
section of this practice: This standard does not purport to
ered as an adsorbent in treating water. Since both granular and
address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its
powdered activated carbons are commercially available, a
use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to
standard practice is needed to ensure that the activated carbons
establish appropriate safety and health practices and deter-
are evaluated under the same test conditions. Specified particle
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
size carbon is to be used to ensure that the same test conditions
2. Referenced Documents
are used. The practice is generally performed at 20°C; how-
ever, other temperatures may be used and noted.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 1129 Terminology Relating to Water
6. Interferences
D 1193 Specification for Reagent Water
6.1 The water sample must not contain any immiscible oil.
D 3370 Practices for SamplingWater from Closed Conduits
6.2 Generally, membrane filters contain a slight amount of
D 2652 Terminology Relating to Activated Carbon
leachable surfactants and wetting agents that might be a source
D 2867 Test Method for Moisture in Activated Carbon
of detectable error in waters having low concentrations of
E 300 Practice for Sampling Industrial Chemicals
adsorbable constituents.
This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D-28 onActivated
7. Apparatus
Carbon and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D28.02 on Liquid Phase
7.1 Agitator, able to keep slurried activated carbon in
Evaluation Tests.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2003. Published December 2003. Originally suspension.
published in 1979. Last previous edition approved in 1998 as D 3860 – 98.
NOTE 1—A wrist-action shaker or a magnetic stirrer is suitable as an
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
agitator.
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
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D 3860–98 (2003)
7.2 Grinding mill, capable of grinding material so that 95 % 9.6 After 2 h, immediately filter each test and control
passes through a 325-mesh sieve. samples through separate new 0.40 to 0.45-µm membrane
7.3 Vacuum or pressure-filtration apparatus. filters.
7.4 Membrane filters, 0.40 to 0.45 µm.
NOTE 2—If the water sample contains volatile constituents, use pres-
7.5 Erlenmeyer flasks, glass stoppered, 500-mL and
sure filtration with nitrogen gas to reduce loss.
1000-mL capacity.
NOTE 3—It is recommended that each membrane filter be rinsed with
7.6 Analytical balance, capable of weighing to the nearest
500 mL of reagent grade Type II water (Specification D 1193) prior to
filtration.
0.1 mg.
7.7 Oven, forced-air circulation, capable of temperature
9.7 Immediately analyze the filtrates for the specific con-
regulation between 145 and 155°C.
stituent of interest and record the results along with the
7.8 Constant temperature water bath, capable of tempera-
corresponding carbon weight.
ture regulation of
...