ASTM A997-08(2018)
(Practice)Standard Practice for Investment Castings, Surface Acceptance Standards, Visual Examination
Standard Practice for Investment Castings, Surface Acceptance Standards, Visual Examination
ABSTRACT
This practice covers the acceptance criteria for surface inspection of investment castings through visual examination. The material shall conform to Levels II, III, and IV acceptance criteria for features of surface pits, positive metal, parting line and ejector pin marks, gate height, and surface roughness. The material shall be free of any linear discontinuity.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the acceptance criteria for surface inspection of investment castings by visual examination.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Designation: A997 − 08 (Reapproved 2018)
Standard Practice for
Investment Castings, Surface Acceptance Standards, Visual
1
Examination
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A997; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2.1.2 positive metal, n—raised metal on the casting surface,
usually associated with the breakdown of the mold and its
1.1 This practice covers the acceptance criteria for surface
replacement with the casting metal.
inspection of investment castings by visual examination.
2.1.3 surface pit, n—a nonlinear depression in the cast
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
surface whose length is less than three times its width. Surface
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
pits may be the result of gas or non-metallic inclusions.
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
2.1.4 surface roughness, n—a measure of surface texture,
and are not considered standard.
usually determined by the use of a comparator.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3. Ordering Information
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1 The inquiry or order should specify the following
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
information:
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.1.1 Acceptance Level—More than one acceptance level
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
may be specified for different surfaces of the same casting (see
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
Section 4),
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3.1.2 If any types of discontinuities are unacceptable,
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
3.1.3 Casting surfaces to be examined,
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
3.1.4 Number of castings to be examined, and
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
3.1.5 Additional acceptance criteria as applicable to all or
2. Terminology
portions of the casting surface.
2.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
4. Acceptance Criteria
2.1.1 linear discontinuity, n—a discontinuity whose length
is equal to or greater than three times its width. Cracks and cold
4.1 Levels of acceptance for visual inspection are listed in
shuts are examples of linear discontinuity. Table 1.
4.2 Parts shall not exhibit any linear discontinuities.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
4.3 Surface roughness and surface pits that will be removed
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.18 on Castings. by machining are considered acceptable.
Current edition approved March 1, 2018. Published March 2018. Originally
4.4 Surface discontinuities not covered in this practice shall
approved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as A997 – 08 (2012).
DOI: 10.1520/A0997-08R18. be a matt
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: A997 − 08 (Reapproved 2012) A997 − 08 (Reapproved 2018)
Standard Practice for
Investment Castings, Surface Acceptance Standards, Visual
1
Examination
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A997; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice covers the acceptance criteria for surface inspection of investment castings by visual examination.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Terminology
2.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
2.1.1 linear discontinuity, n—a discontinuity whose length is equal to or greater than three times its width. Cracks and cold shuts
are examples of linear discontinuity.
2.1.2 positive metal, n—raised metal on the casting surface, usually associated with the breakdown of the mold and its
replacement with the casting metal.
2.1.3 surface pit, n—a non linear nonlinear depression in the cast surface whose length is less than three times its width. Surface
pits may be the result of gas or non metallic non-metallic inclusions.
2.1.4 surface roughness, n—a measure of surface texture, usually determined by the use of a comparator.
3. Ordering Information
3.1 The inquiry or order should specify the following information:
3.1.1 Acceptance Level—More than one acceptance level may be specified for different surfaces of the same casting (see Section
4),
3.1.2 If any types of discontinuities are unacceptable,
3.1.3 Casting surfaces to be examined,
3.1.4 Number of castings to be examined, and
3.1.5 Additional acceptance criteria as applicable to all or portions of the casting surface.
4. Acceptance Criteria
4.1 Levels of acceptance for visual inspection are listed in Table 1.
4.2 Parts shall not exhibit any linear discontinuities.
4.3 Surface roughness and surface pits that will be removed by machining are considered acceptable.
4.4 Surface discontinuities not covered in this practice shall be a matter of agreement between the purchaser and the
manufacturer.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.18
on Castings.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2012March 1, 2018. Published November 2012March 2018. Originally approved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 20082012
as A997 – 08.A997 – 08 (2012). DOI: 10.1520/A0997-08R12.10.1520/A0997-08R18.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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A997 − 08 (2018)
A,B
TABLE 1 Visual Inspection Acceptance Criteria
Surface Feature Level II Level III Level IV
C,D,E
Surface Pits 0.030 in. (0.76 0.060 in. (1.52 0.060 in. (1.52
mm) diameter by 0.015 mm) diameter by 0.030 mm) diameter by 0.030 in.
in. (0.38 in. (0.76 (0.76
mm) deep with mm) deep with mm) deep with
2 2 2
no more than 1 per in. no more than 1 per in. no more than 4 per in.
2 2 2
(645 mm ) (645 mm ) (645 mm )†
C,D,E
Surface Pits 0.030 in. (0.76 0.060 in. (1.52 0.060 in. (1.52
mm) diameter by 0.015 mm) diameter by 0.030 mm) diameter by 0.030 in.
in. (0.38 in. (0.76 (0.76
mm) deep with mm) deep with mm) deep with
2 2 2
no more than 1 per in. no more than 1 per in. no more than 4 per in.
2 2 2
(645 mm ) (645 mm ) (645 mm )†
D,E
Positive Metal 0.060 in. (1.52 0.125 in. (3.18 0.125 in. (3.18
mm) diameter by 0.015 mm) diameter by 0.030 mm) diameter by 0.030 in.
in. (0.38 in. (0.76 (0.76
mm) high with mm) h
...
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