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ASTM C1728-17

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Flexible Aerogel Insulation

Standard Specification for Flexible Aerogel Insulation

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the classification and performance of flexible aerogel thermal insulation. It indicates the mechanical, chemical, and property requirements of the flexible aerogel insulation, such as its thickness, density, and flexibility. It also lists the performance requirements for Types I, II, and III flexible aerogel insulation, and the acceptable dimensions and tolerances on flexible aerogel insulation sheets.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the classification and performance of flexible aerogel thermal insulation. This will cover the range of continuous exposure operating temperatures from –321°F (–196°C) up to 1200°F (649°C).  
1.2 For satisfactory performance, properly installed protective vapor retarders or barriers shall be used on below ambient temperature applications to reduce movement of moisture through or around the insulation to the colder surface. Failure to use a vapor retarder or barrier could lead to insulation and system non-performance.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods described in this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Jan-2017
ICS
91.100.60 - Thermal and sound insulating materials
Technical Committee
C16 - Thermal Insulation
Drafting Committee
C16.23 - Blanket and Loose Fill Insulation
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM C1728-13 - Standard Specification for Flexible Aerogel Insulation
Effective Date
01-Feb-2017
Replaced By
ASTM C1728-20 - Standard Specification for Flexible Aerogel Insulation
Effective Date
01-Feb-2020
Referred By
ASTM C1695-22 - Standard Specification for Fabrication of Flexible Removable and Reusable Blanket Insulation for Hot Service
Effective Date
01-Feb-2017
Referred By
ASTM C1774-13(2019) - Standard Guide for Thermal Performance Testing of Cryogenic Insulation Systems
Effective Date
01-Feb-2017
Referred By
ASTM C1558-19 - Standard Guide for Development of Standard Data Records for Computerization of Thermal Transmission Test Data for Thermal Insulation
Effective Date
01-Feb-2017

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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:C1728 −17
Standard Specification for
1
Flexible Aerogel Insulation
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1728; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope C177 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measure-
ments and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of
1.1 This specification covers the classification and perfor-
the Guarded-Hot-Plate Apparatus
mance of flexible aerogel thermal insulation. This will cover
C303 Test Method for Dimensions and Density of Pre-
the range of continuous exposure operating temperatures from
formed Block and Board–Type Thermal Insulation
–321°F (–196°C) up to 1200°F (649°C).
C335 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Transfer Properties
1.2 For satisfactory performance, properly installed protec-
of Pipe Insulation
tive vapor retarders or barriers shall be used on below ambient
C356 Test Method for Linear Shrinkage of Preformed High-
temperature applications to reduce movement of moisture
Temperature Thermal Insulation Subjected to Soaking
through or around the insulation to the colder surface. Failure
Heat
to use a vapor retarder or barrier could lead to insulation and
C390 Practice for Sampling and Acceptance of Thermal
system non-performance.
Insulation Lots
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
C411 Test Method for Hot-Surface Performance of High-
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
Temperature Thermal Insulation
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
C447 Practice for Estimating the Maximum Use Tempera-
and are not considered standard.
ture of Thermal Insulations
1.4 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the C518 Test Method for Steady-State Thermal Transmission
test methods described in this specification. This standard does Properties by Means of the Heat Flow Meter Apparatus
not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any,
C795 Specification for Thermal Insulation for Use in Con-
associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this
tact with Austenitic Stainless Steel
standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices
C1045 Practice for Calculating Thermal Transmission Prop-
and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior
erties Under Steady-State Conditions
to use.
C1058 Practice for Selecting Temperatures for Evaluating
and Reporting Thermal Properties of Thermal Insulation
2. Referenced Documents
C1101/C1101M Test Methods for Classifying the Flexibility
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
or Rigidity of Mineral Fiber Blanket and Board Insulation
C165 Test Method for Measuring Compressive Properties of
C1104/C1104M Test Method for Determining the Water
Thermal Insulations
Vapor Sorption of Unfaced Mineral Fiber Insulation
C167 Test Methods for Thickness and Density of Blanket or
C1114 Test Method for Steady-State Thermal Transmission
Batt Thermal Insulations
Properties by Means of the Thin-Heater Apparatus
C168 Terminology Relating to Thermal Insulation
C1338 Test Method for Determining Fungi Resistance of
Insulation Materials and Facings
1
C1617 Practice for Quantitative Accelerated Laboratory
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 on
Thermal Insulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.23 on
Evaluation of Extraction Solutions Containing Ions
Blanket and Loose Fill Insulation.
Leached from Thermal Insulation on Aqueous Corrosion
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2017. Published February 2017. Originally
of Metals
approved in 2012. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as C1728 – 13. DOI:
10.1520/C1728-17.
C1763 Test Method for Water Absorption by Immersion of
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Thermal Insulation Materials
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
E84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. Building Materials
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C1728−17
E2231 Practice for Specimen Preparation and Mounting of 7. Physical, Mechanical and Chemical Property
Pipe and Duct Insulation Materials to Assess Surface Requirements
Burning Characteristics
NOTE 1—Performance requirements for flexible aerogel insulation
3 (Type I Grade 1 Category A, Type I Grade 1 Category B, Type II Grade
2.2 Other Standards:
1 Category A, Type III Grade 1 C
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C1728 − 13 C1728 − 17
Standard Specification for
1
Flexible Aerogel Insulation
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1728; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers the classification and performance of flexible aerogel thermal insulation. This will cover the range
of continuous exposure operating temperatures from -321°F (-196°C)–321°F (–196°C) up to 1200° F 1200°F (649°C).
1.2 For satisfactory performance, properly installed protective vapor retarders or barriers shall be used on below ambient
temperature applications to reduce movement of moisture through or around the insulation to the colder surface. Failure to use a
vapor retarder or barrier could lead to insulation and system non-performance.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods described in this specification. This standard does not
purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to
establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C165 Test Method for Measuring Compressive Properties of Thermal Insulations
C167 Test Methods for Thickness and Density of Blanket or Batt Thermal Insulations
C168 Terminology Relating to Thermal Insulation
C177 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measurements and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of the
Guarded-Hot-Plate Apparatus
C303 Test Method for Dimensions and Density of Preformed Block and Board–Type Thermal Insulation
C335 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Transfer Properties of Pipe Insulation
C356 Test Method for Linear Shrinkage of Preformed High-Temperature Thermal Insulation Subjected to Soaking Heat
C390 Practice for Sampling and Acceptance of Thermal Insulation Lots
C411 Test Method for Hot-Surface Performance of High-Temperature Thermal Insulation
C447 Practice for Estimating the Maximum Use Temperature of Thermal Insulations
C518 Test Method for Steady-State Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of the Heat Flow Meter Apparatus
C795 Specification for Thermal Insulation for Use in Contact with Austenitic Stainless Steel
C1045 Practice for Calculating Thermal Transmission Properties Under Steady-State Conditions
C1058 Practice for Selecting Temperatures for Evaluating and Reporting Thermal Properties of Thermal Insulation
C1101/C1101M Test Methods for Classifying the Flexibility or Rigidity of Mineral Fiber Blanket and Board Insulation
C1104/C1104M Test Method for Determining the Water Vapor Sorption of Unfaced Mineral Fiber Insulation
C1114 Test Method for Steady-State Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of the Thin-Heater Apparatus
C1338 Test Method for Determining Fungi Resistance of Insulation Materials and Facings
C1511 Test Method for Determining the Water Retention (Repellency) Characteristics of Fibrous Glass Insulation (Aircraft
Type)
C1617 Practice for Quantitative Accelerated Laboratory Evaluation of Extraction Solutions Containing Ions Leached from
Thermal Insulation on Aqueous Corrosion of Metals
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 on Thermal Insulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.23 on Blanket and Loose
Fill Insulation.
Current edition approved May 1, 2013Feb. 1, 2017. Published May 2013February 2017. Originally approved in 2012. Last previous edition approved in 20122013 as
C1728C1728 – 13.–12. DOI: 10.1520/C1728-13. 10.1520/C1728-17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C1728 − 17
C1763 Test Method for Water Absorption by Immersion of Ther
...

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This specification covers the standards for the types, physical properties and dimensions of cellular polystyrene boards with or without facings or coatings made by molding (EPS) or extrusion (XPS) of expandable polystyrene proposed for use as thermal insulation. This specification, however, does not cover laminated products manufactured with any type of rigid board facer including fiberboard, perlite board, gypsum board, or oriented strand board. All thermal insulation shall be of uniform density and shall contain sufficient flame retardants to meet the oxygen index of requirements. They shall also meet the physical requirements such as thermal resistance, compressive resistance, flexural strength, water vapor permeance, water absorption, dimensional stability, and oxygen index specified herein.
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5.1 An inherent characteristic of some alloys of austenitic stainless steel is their tendency to crack at stress points when exposed to certain corrosive environments. The mechanisms of ESCC are complex and not completely understood but are apparently related to certain metallurgical properties. Chloride and fluoride ions have the potential to induce stress corrosion cracking in the absence of inhibiting ions.3  
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ASTM C1728-23(Specification)
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This specification covers the classification and performance of flexible aerogel thermal insulation. It indicates the mechanical, chemical, and property requirements of the flexible aerogel insulation, such as its thickness, density, and flexibility. It also lists the performance requirements for Types I, II, and III flexible aerogel insulation, and the acceptable dimensions and tolerances on flexible aerogel insulation sheets.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the classification and performance of flexible aerogel thermal insulation. This will cover the range of continuous exposure operating temperatures from –321°F (–196°C) up to 1200°F (649°C).  
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ASTM C656-17(2023)(Specification)
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This specification covers structural insulating board for general thermal insulating, fire-resistive, and marine bulkhead applications. The structural insulating boards shall be of the following types and grades: Types I and II and Grades 1; 2; 3; 4; 5; 6; 7; and 8. Calcium silicate structural insulating board shall be composed of hydrated calcium silicate with natural or man-made fibers or fillers, or a combination thereof. The following test methods shall be performed: dimensions and density; flexural strength; compressive strength; screw holding strength; apparent thermal conductivity; combustion characteristics; and maximum use temperatures.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers structural insulating board for general thermal insulating, fire-resistive, and marine bulkhead applications. The rigid, preformed structural insulating board is for use at temperatures up to 1700°F (927°C). For specific applications, the actual temperature limit shall be agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser.  
1.2 The structural insulating board maintains its structural integrity after immersion in water.  
1.3 Rapid cycling over a wide temperature range is not recommended because of potential damage due to thermal shock.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 When the installation or use of thermal insulation materials, accessories and systems, may pose safety or health problems, the manufacturer shall provide the user appropriate current information regarding any known problems associated with the recommended use of the company's products, and shall also recommend protective measures to be employed in their safe utilization. The user shall establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM C165-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Measuring Compressive Properties of Thermal Insulations

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 In providing Procedures A and B, it is recognized that different types of thermal insulation will exhibit significantly different behavior under compressive load. Data must usually be obtained from a complete load-deformation curve, and the useful working range normally corresponds to only a portion of the curve. The user is cautioned against use of the product in the range beyond which the product is permanently damaged or properties are adversely affected.  
4.2 Load-deformation curves provide useful data for research and development, quality control, specification acceptance or rejection, and for other special purposes. Standard loading rates shall not be used arbitrarily for all purposes; the effects of impact, creep, fatigue, and repeated cycling must be considered. All load-deformation data shall be reviewed carefully for applicability prior to acceptance for use in engineering designs differing widely in load, load application rate, and material dimensions involved.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers two procedures for determining the compressive resistance of thermal insulations.  
1.1.1 Procedure A covers thermal insulations having an approximate straight-line portion of a load-deformation curve, with or without an identifiable yield point as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. Such behavior is typical of most rigid board or block-type insulations.
FIG. 1 Procedure A—Straight Line Portion with Definite Yield Point
FIG. 2 Procedure A—Straight Line Portion but no Definite Yield Point  
1.1.2 Procedure B covers thermal insulations that become increasingly more stiff as load is increased, as shown in Fig. 3. Such behavior is typical of fibrous batt and blanket insulations that have been compressed previously to at least the same deformation by compression packaging or mechanical softening.
FIG. 3 Procedure B—Increasing Stiffness  
1.2 It is recognized that the classification of materials under Procedures A and B shall not hold in all cases. For example, some batt or blanket materials that have not been compression packaged will exhibit behavior more typical of Procedure A for their first loadings. Also, some higher density fibrous insulation boards that have been precompressed will exhibit load-deformation curves more typical of Procedure B. There will also be thermal insulations with load-deformation curves that follow none of the three types shown here; that is, curves with no straight-line portion, curves with compaction areas, and curves that change from negative to positive slope.  
1.3 This test method does not cover reflective or loose fill insulations.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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  • Standard
    5 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off