ASTM A781/A781M-08

Standard Specification for Castings, Steel and Alloy, Common Requirements, for General Industrial Use

ABSTRACT
This specification covers a group of common requirements that, unless covered by the individual product specification in another ASTM document, applies to steel and alloy castings for use in general industrial applications. Materials shall be produced by open-hearth or electric furnace process with or without separate refining, such as argon-oxygen-decarburization (AOD), and then consequently heat treated in the working zone. Castings shall receive heat and product analysis to evaluate their conformance to chemical composition requirements. Mechanical requirements shall also be assessed. The surfaces of castings shall be free of adhering sand, scale, cracks, hot tears, and other surface discontinuities. Repair welding may be performed as required.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers a group of requirements that are mandatory requirements of the following steel casting specifications issued by ASTM. If the product specification specifies different requirements, the product specification shall prevail. ASTM
Designation
Title of Specification A 27/A 27MSteel Castings, Carbon, for General Application A 128/A 128MSteel Castings, Austenitic Manganese A 148/A 148MSteel Castings, High Strength, for Structural Purposes A 297/A 297M Steel Castings, Iron-Chromium and Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Heat Resistant for General Application A 447/A 447MSteel Castings, Chromium-Nickel-Iron Alloy (25-12 Class), for High-Temperature Service A 494/A 494MCastings, Nickel and Nickel Alloy A 560/A 560MCastings, Chromium-Nickel Alloy A 743/A 743MCastings, Iron-Chromium, Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Corrosion Resistant, for General Application A 744/A 744MCastings, Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Corrosion Resistant, for Severe A 747/A 747M Steel Castings, Stainless, Precipitation Hardening A 890/A 890MCastings, Iron-Chromium-Nickel-Molybdenum Corrosion-Resistant, Duplex (Austenitic/Ferritic) for General Application A 915/A 915MSteel Castings, Carbon and Alloy, Chemical Requirements Similar to Standard Wrought Grades A 958Steel Castings, Carbon and Alloy, with Tensile Requirements, Chemical Requirements Similiar to Standard Wrought Grades A 1002Castings, Nickel-Aluminum Ordered Alloy
1.2 This specification also covers a group of supplementary requirements that may be applied to the above specifications as indicated therein. These are provided for use when additional testing or inspection is desired and apply only when specified individually by the purchaser in the order.
1.3 The requirements of the individual material specification, and this general specification shall prevail in the sequence named.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Oct-2008
• ICS: 77.140.80 - Iron and steel castings
• Technical Committee: A01 - Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys
• Drafting Committee: A01.18 - Castings

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM A781/A781M-06 - Standard Specification for Castings, Steel and Alloy, Common Requirements, for General Industrial Use
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2008
• Referred By: ASTM A890/A890M-18a - Standard Specification for Castings, Iron-Chromium-Nickel-Molybdenum Corrosion-Resistant, Duplex (Austenitic/Ferritic) for General Application
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2008
• Referred By: ASTM A494/A494M-22 - Standard Specification for Castings, Nickel and Nickel Alloy
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2008
• Referred By: ASTM A1062-10(2020) - Standard Specification for Steel Castings Sampling
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2008
• Referred By: ASTM A297/A297M-21a - Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Iron-Chromium and Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Heat Resistant, for General Application
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2008
• Referred By: ASTM A128/A128M-19 - Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Austenitic Manganese
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2008
• Referred By: ASTM A560/A560M-12(2018) - Standard Specification for Castings, Chromium-Nickel Alloy
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2008
• Referred By: ASTM A1080/A1080M-19 - Standard Practice for Hot Isostatic Pressing of Steel, Stainless Steel, and Related Alloy Castings
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2008
• Referred By: ASTM A743/A743M-21 - Standard Specification for Castings, Iron-Chromium, Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Corrosion Resistant, for General Application
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2008
• Referred By: ASTM A447/A447M-11(2021) - Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Chromium-Nickel-Iron Alloy (25-12 Class), for High-Temperature Service
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2008
• Referred By: ASTM A915/A915M-08(2018) - Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Carbon, and Alloy, Chemical Requirements Similar to Standard Wrought Grades
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2008
• Referred By: ASTM A1002-16(2020) - Standard Specification for Castings, Nickel-Aluminum Ordered Alloy
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2008
• Referred By: ASTM A744/A744M-21a - Standard Specification for Castings, Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Corrosion Resistant, for Severe Service
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2008
• Referred By: ASTM A958/A958M-17 - Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Carbon and Alloy, with Tensile Requirements, Chemical Requirements Similar to Standard Wrought Grades
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2008
• Referred By: ASTM A872/A872M-21 - Standard Specification for Centrifugally Cast Ferritic/Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipe for Corrosive Environments
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2008

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: A781/A781M – 08
Standard Specification for
Castings, Steel and Alloy, Common Requirements, for
1
General Industrial Use
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA781/A781M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
1.1 This specification covers a group of requirements that
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
are mandatory requirements of the following steel casting
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
specifications issued by ASTM. If the product specification
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
specifies different requirements, the product specification shall
with the standard.
prevail.
ASTM
2. Referenced Documents
Designation Title of Specification
2
A27/A27M Steel Castings, Carbon, for General Application
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A128/A128M Steel Castings, Austenitic Manganese
A27/A27M Specification for Steel Castings, Carbon, for
A148/A148M Steel Castings, High Strength, for Structural Pur-
General Application
poses
A297/A297M Steel Castings, Iron-Chromium and Iron-
A128/A128M Specification for Steel Castings, Austenitic
Chromium-Nickel, Heat Resistant for General
Manganese
Application
A148/A148M Specification for Steel Castings, High
A447/A447M Steel Castings, Chromium-Nickel-Iron Alloy
(25-12 Class), for High-Temperature Service
Strength, for Structural Purposes
A494/A494M Castings, Nickel and Nickel Alloy
A297/A297M Specification for Steel Castings, Iron-
A560/A560M Castings, Chromium-Nickel Alloy
ChromiumandIron-Chromium-Nickel,HeatResistant,for
A743/A743M Castings, Iron-Chromium, Iron-Chromium-Nickel,
Corrosion Resistant, for General Application
General Application
A744/A744M Castings, Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Corrosion Re-
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
sistant, for Severe
A747/A747M Steel Castings, Stainless, Precipitation Harden- of Steel Products
ing
A380 Practice for Cleaning, Descaling, and Passivation of
A890/A890M Castings, Iron-Chromium-Nickel-Molybdenum
Stainless Steel Parts, Equipment, and Systems
Corrosion-Resistant, Duplex (Austenitic/Ferritic)
for General Application A447/A447M Specification for Steel Castings, Chromium-
A915/A915M Steel Castings, Carbon and Alloy, Chemical Re-
Nickel-Iron Alloy (25-12 Class), for High-Temperature
quirements Similar to Standard Wrought Grades
Service
A958 Steel Castings, Carbon and Alloy, with Tensile
Requirements, Chemical Requirements Similiar A488/A488M Practice for Steel Castings, Welding, Quali-
to Standard Wrought Grades
fications of Procedures and Personnel
A1002 Castings, Nickel-Aluminum Ordered Alloy
A494/A494M SpecificationforCastings,NickelandNickel
1.2 This specification also covers a group of supplementary
Alloy
requirementsthatmaybeappliedtotheabovespecificationsas
A560/A560M SpecificationforCastings,Chromium-Nickel
indicated therein. These are provided for use when additional
Alloy
testing or inspection is desired and apply only when specified
A609/A609M Practice for Castings, Carbon, Low-Alloy,
individually by the purchaser in the order.
and Martensitic Stainless Steel, Ultrasonic Examination
1.3 The requirements of the individual material specifica-
Thereof
tion,andthisgeneralspecificationshallprevailinthesequence
A743/A743M Specification for Castings, Iron-Chromium,
named.
Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Corrosion Resistant, for General
Application
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM CommitteeA01 on Steel,
Stainless Steel and RelatedAlloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
2
A01.18 on Castings.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2008. Published December 2008. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1980. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as A781/A781M–06. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
DOI: 10.1520/A0781_A0781M-08. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A781/A781M – 08
A744/A744M Specification for Castings, Iron-Chromium- 4. Materials and Manufacture
Nickel, Corrosion Resistant, for Severe Service
4.1 Melting Process—The steel shall be made by open-
A747/A747M Specification for Steel Casti
...

This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:A 781/A 781M–06 Designation: A781/A781M – 08
Standard Specification for
Castings, Steel and Alloy, Common Requirements, for
1
General Industrial Use
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA781/A781M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers a group of requirements that are mandatory requirements of the following steel casting
specificationsissuedbyASTM.Iftheproductspecificationspecifiesdifferentrequirements,theproductspecificationshallprevail.
ASTM
Designation Title of Specification A 27/A 27M
ASTM
Designation Title of Specification
A27/A27M Steel Castings, Carbon, for General Application
A 128/A 128M
A27/A27M Steel Castings, Carbon, for General Application
A128/A128M Steel Castings, Austenitic Manganese A 148/
A 148M
A128/A128M Steel Castings, Austenitic Manganese
A148/A148M Steel Castings, High Strength, for Structural Pur-
poses A 297/A 297M
A148/A148M Steel Castings, High Strength, for Structural Pur-
poses
A297/A297M Steel Castings, Iron-Chromium and Iron-
Chromium-Nickel, Heat Resistant for General
Application A 447/A 447M
A297/A297M Steel Castings, Iron-Chromium and Iron-
Chromium-Nickel, Heat Resistant for General
Application
A447/A447M Steel Castings, Chromium-Nickel-Iron Alloy
(25-12 Class), for High-Temperature Service
A 494/A 494M
A447/A447M Steel Castings, Chromium-Nickel-Iron Alloy
(25-12 Class), for High-Temperature Service
A494/A494M Castings, Nickel and Nickel Alloy A 560/A 560M
A494/A494M Castings, Nickel and Nickel Alloy
A560/A560M Castings, Chromium-Nickel Alloy A 743/A 743M
A560/A560M Castings, Chromium-Nickel Alloy
A743/A743M Castings, Iron-Chromium, Iron-Chromium-Nickel,
Corrosion Resistant, for General Application
A 744/A 744M
A743/A743M Castings, Iron-Chromium, Iron-Chromium-Nickel,
Corrosion Resistant, for General Application
A744/A744M Castings, Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Corrosion Re-
sistant, for Severe A 747/A 747M
A744/A744M Castings, Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Corrosion Re-
sistant, for Severe
A747/A747M Steel Castings, Stainless, Precipitation Harden-
ing A 890/A 890M
A747/A747M Steel Castings, Stainless, Precipitation Harden-
ing
A890/A890M Castings, Iron-Chromium-Nickel-Molybdenum
Corrosion-Resistant, Duplex (Austenitic/Ferritic)
for General Application A 915/A 915M
A890/A890M Castings, Iron-Chromium-Nickel-Molybdenum
Corrosion-Resistant, Duplex (Austenitic/Ferritic)
for General Application
1
ThisspecificationisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeA01onSteel,StainlessSteelandRelatedAlloysandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeA01.18
on Castings.
Current edition approved June 15, 2006. Published June 2006. Originally approved in 1980. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as A 781/A 781M–05a.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2008. Published December 2008. Originally approved in 1980. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as A781/A781M–06. DOI:
10.1520/A0781_A0781M-08.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A781/A781M – 08
A915/A915M Steel Castings, Carbon and Alloy, Chemical Re-
quirements Similar to Standard Wrought Grades
A 958
A915/A915M Steel Castings, Carbon and Alloy, Chemical Re-
quirements Similar to Standard Wrought Grades
A958 Steel Castings, Carbon and Alloy, with Tensile
Requirements, Chemical Requirements Similiar
to Standard Wrought Grades A 1002
A958 Steel Castings, Carbon and Alloy, with Tensile
Requirements, Chemical Requirements Similiar
to Standard Wrought Grades
A1002 Castings, Nickel-Aluminum Ordered Alloy
1.2 This specification also covers a group of supplementary requirements that may be applied to the above specifications as
indicated therein. These are provided for use when additional testing or inspection is desired and apply only when specified
individually by the purchaser in the order.
1.3 Therequirementsoftheindividualmaterialspecification,andthisgeneralspecificationshallprevailinthesequencenamed.
1.4Thevaluesstatedineitherinch-poundunitsorSIunitsaretoberegardedseparatelyasstandard.Withinthetext,theSIunits
are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must
...

This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:A781/A781M–06 Designation: A 781/A 781M – 08
Standard Specification for
Castings, Steel and Alloy, Common Requirements, for
1
General Industrial Use
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationA781/A781M;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyear
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers a group of requirements that are mandatory requirements of the following steel casting
specificationsissuedbyASTM.Iftheproductspecificationspecifiesdifferentrequirements,theproductspecificationshallprevail.
ASTM
Designation Title of Specification
A 27/A 27M Steel Castings, Carbon, for General Application
A 128/A 128M Steel Castings, Austenitic Manganese
A 148/A 148M Steel Castings, High Strength, for Structural Pur-
poses
A 297/A 297M Steel Castings, Iron-Chromium and Iron-
Chromium-Nickel, Heat Resistant for General
Application
A 447/A 447M Steel Castings, Chromium-Nickel-Iron Alloy
(25-12 Class), for High-Temperature Service
A 494/A 494M Castings, Nickel and Nickel Alloy
A 560/A 560M Castings, Chromium-Nickel Alloy
A 743/A 743M Castings, Iron-Chromium, Iron-Chromium-Nickel,
Corrosion Resistant, for General Application
A 744/A 744M Castings, Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Corrosion Re-
sistant, for Severe
A 747/A 747M Steel Castings, Stainless, Precipitation Harden-
ing
A 890/A 890M Castings, Iron-Chromium-Nickel-Molybdenum
Corrosion-Resistant, Duplex (Austenitic/Ferritic)
for General Application
A 915/A 915M Steel Castings, Carbon and Alloy, Chemical Re-
quirements Similar to Standard Wrought Grades
A 958 Steel Castings, Carbon and Alloy, with Tensile
Requirements, Chemical Requirements Similiar
to Standard Wrought Grades
A 1002 Castings, Nickel-Aluminum Ordered Alloy
1.2 This specification also covers a group of supplementary requirements that may be applied to the above specifications as
indicated therein. These are provided for use when additional testing or inspection is desired and apply only when specified
individually by the purchaser in the order.
1.3 Therequirementsoftheindividualmaterialspecification,andthisgeneralspecificationshallprevailinthesequencenamed.
1.4Thevaluesstatedineitherinch-poundunitsorSIunitsaretoberegardedseparatelyasstandard.Withinthetext,theSIunits
are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used
independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification.
Inch-pound units are applicable for material ordered to Specification A781 and SI units for material ordered to Specification
A781M.
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1
ThisspecificationisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeA01onSteel,StainlessSteelandRelatedAlloysandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeA01.18
on Castings.
Current edition approved June 15, 2006. Published June 2006. Originally approved in 1980. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as A781/A781M–05a.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2008. Published December 2008. Originally approved in 1980. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as A781/A781M–06.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A 781/A 781M – 08
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A27/A27M Specification for Steel Castings, Carbon, for General Application
A128/A128M Specification for Steel Castings, Austenitic Manganese
A148/A148M Specification for Steel Castings, High Strength, for Structural Purposes
A297/A297M Specification for Steel Castings, Iron-Chromium and Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Heat Resistant, for General
Application
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
A380 Practice for Cleaning, Descaling, and Passivation of Stainless Steel Parts, Equipment, and Systems
A447/A447M Specification for Steel Castings, Chromium-Nickel-Iron Alloy (25-12 Class), for High-Temperature Service
A488/A488M Practice for Steel C
...