ASTM F21-65(2002)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Hydrophobic Surface Films by the Atomizer Test
Standard Test Method for Hydrophobic Surface Films by the Atomizer Test
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the detection of the presence of hydrophobic (nonwetting) films on surfaces and the presence of hydrophobic organic materials in processing ambients. When properly conducted, the test will enable detection of fractional molecular layers of hydrophobic organic contaminants. On very rough or porous surfaces the sensitivity of the test may be significantly decreased.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:F21–65 (Reapproved 2002)
Standard Test Method for
Hydrophobic Surface Films by the Atomizer Test
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationF 21;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginal
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope surface, the sprayed droplets will not wet the surface and
spread but will tend to remain as fine droplets.
1.1 This test method covers the detection of the presence of
hydrophobic (nonwetting) films on surfaces and the presence
5. Significance and Use
of hydrophobic organic materials in processing ambients.
5.1 The atomizer test as described in this test method is
When properly conducted, the test will enable detection of
nondestructive and may be used for control and evaluation of
fractional molecular layers of hydrophobic organic contami-
processes for the removal of hydrophobic contaminants. The
nants. On very rough or porous surfaces the sensitivity of the
test may also be used for the detection and control of
test may be significantly decreased.
hydrophobic contaminants in processing ambients. For this
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
application, a surface free of hydrophobic films is exposed to
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for
the ambient and subsequently tested.
information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
6. Interferences
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
6.1 Loss of sensitivity may result from either of the follow-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
ing factors:
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
6.1.1 The presence of hydrophilic substances on the surface
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
to be tested, test equipment, or test materials, or
6.1.2 An unusually rough or porous surface condition.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
7. Apparatus
D 351 Classification for Natural Muscovite Block Mica and
2 7.1 Spray Gun Atomizer.
Thins Based on Visual Quality
7.2 Low Power Microscope (53 to 503), and light source
for observation of small piece parts.
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
8. Reagents and Materials
3.1.1 hydrophilic—having a strong affinity for water; wet-
8.1 Acetone, reagent grade.
table.
8.2 Mice Blanks, preferably 1 in. (25 mm) by 2 in. (50 mm)
3.1.2 hydrophobic—having little affinity for water; nonwet-
by 0.015 in. (0.38 mm) or larger, having a minimum ASTM
table.
quality V6 as described in Classification D 351.
4. Summary of Test Method 8.3 Oleic or Stearic Acid—A 0.005 to 0.05% solution in
3 acetone.
4.1 The atomizer test is performed by subjecting the dry
8.4 Oxygen—Filtered low-pressure (15 psi min) oxygen or
surface to be tested to a fine water spray. The interpretation of
other suitable gas that is free of hydrophobic and hydrophilic
the test is based upon the pattern of wetting. In the absence of
substances.
hydrophobic films, the impinging water droplets will wet the
surface and spread immediately to form a continuous water
NOTE 1—The freedom of the water and the gas from hydrophobic and
film. In areas where hydrophobic materials are present on the hydrophilic contamination may be determined in accordance with Section
9.
8.5 Water—Deionized or distilled water is preferred. Water
of higher ionic content may render the test destructive. The
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E21 on Space
Simulation andApplications of Space Technology and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee E21.05 on Contamination.
Current edition approved Aug. 31, 1965. Published October 1965. Originally Feder, D. O., and Koontz, D. E., “Detection, Removal and Control of Organic
published as F 21 – 62 T. Last previous edition F 21 – 62 T. Contaminants in the Production of Electron Devices,” ASTM STP 246, Am. Soc.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 10.01. Testing Mats., p. 40 (1959).
3 5
Linford, H. B., and Saubestre, E. B., “ANew Degreasing Evaluation Test: The PaascheAirBrushModelVL-1oritsequivalenthasbeenfoundsatisfactoryfor
Atomizer Test,” ASTM Bulletin, May 1953, p. 47. this pur
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