ASTM E3048-22a

Standard Test Method for Determination of Time to Burn-Through Using the Intermediate Scale Calorimeter (ICAL) Radiant Panel

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is used primarily to determine the time to burn-through and the time to ignition of materials, products, and assemblies.  
5.2 Representative joints and other characteristics of an assembly shall be included in a specimen when these details are part of normal design.  
5.3 This test method is applicable to end-use products not having an ideally planar external surface. The heat flux shall be adjusted to be that which is desired at the average distance of the surface from the radiant panel.  
5.4 In this procedure, the specimens are subjected to one or more specific sets of laboratory test conditions. If different test conditions are substituted or the end-use conditions are changed, it is not always possible by or from this test to predict changes in the fire-test-response characteristics measured. Therefore, the results are valid only for the fire test exposure conditions described in this procedure.  
5.5 Representative materials and thicknesses shall be included in a specimen when these details are part of normal design.  
5.6 This method can also be used for research and development of various material types to be included in larger-scale fire test assemblies (for example, Test Methods E119).  
5.7 Test Limitations:  
5.7.1 The test results have limited validity if: (a) the specimen melts sufficiently to overflow the drip tray, or (b) explosive spalling occurs.  
5.7.2 Report observations of specimens that sag, deform, or delaminate.
SCOPE
1.1 This fire-test-response test method assesses the response of materials, products, and assemblies to controlled levels of heat flux with an external igniter.  
1.2 The fire-test-response characteristics determined by this test method include the ignitability and time to burn-through of materials, products, and assemblies under well ventilated conditions.  
1.3 Heat, smoke, and mass loss rate are not within the scope of this test method, but are addressed by Test Method E1623.  
1.3.1 This test method uses the same burner as that described in Test Method E1623. Two burner types are described (Burner A and Burner B).  
1.4 Specimens are exposed to a constant heat flux up to 50 kW/m2 in a vertical orientation. Hot wires are used to ignite the combustible vapors from the specimen.  
1.5 This test method has been developed for evaluations, design, or research and development of materials, products, or assemblies, or for code compliance. The specimen shall be tested in thicknesses and configurations representative of actual end product or system uses.  
1.6 Limitations of the test method are listed in 5.7.  
1.7 This test method is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.  
1.8 Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall be employed in conducting these tests.  
1.9 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.  
1.10 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific information about hazards is given in Section 7.  
1.11 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-Oct-2022
• ICS: 13.220.40 - Ignitability and burning behaviour of materials and products
• Technical Committee: E05 - Fire Standards
• Drafting Committee: E05.21 - Smoke and Combustion Products

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E3048 − 22a An American National Standard
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Time to Burn-Through Using the
1
Intermediate Scale Calorimeter (ICAL) Radiant Panel
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E3048; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 1.10 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
1.1 Thisfire-test-responsetestmethodassessestheresponse
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
of materials, products, and assemblies to controlled levels of
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
heat flux with an external igniter.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.2 The fire-test-response characteristics determined by this
Specific information about hazards is given in Section 7.
testmethodincludetheignitabilityandtimetoburn-throughof
1.11 This international standard was developed in accor-
materials, products, and assemblies under well ventilated
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
conditions.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
1.3 Heat,smoke,andmasslossratearenotwithinthescope
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
of this test method, but are addressed by Test Method E1623.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1.3.1 This test method uses the same burner as that de-
scribed inTest Method E1623.Two burner types are described
2. Referenced Documents
(Burner A and Burner B).
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.4 Specimens are exposed to a constant heat flux up to
E119Test Methods for Fire Tests of Building Construction
2
50kW⁄m inaverticalorientation.Hotwiresareusedtoignite
and Materials
the combustible vapors from the specimen.
E176Terminology of Fire Standards
1.5 This test method has been developed for evaluations, E603Guide for Room Fire Experiments
design, or research and development of materials, products, or E906/E906MTest Method for Heat and Visible Smoke
assemblies, or for code compliance. The specimen shall be
Release Rates for Materials and Products Using a Ther-
testedinthicknessesandconfigurationsrepresentativeofactual mopile Method
end product or system uses. E1354Test Method for Heat and Visible Smoke Release
Rates for Materials and Products Using an Oxygen Con-
1.6 Limitations of the test method are listed in 5.7.
sumption Calorimeter
1.7 This test method is used to measure and describe the
E1623Test Method for Determination of Fire and Thermal
responseofmaterials,products,orassembliestoheatandflame
Parameters of Materials, Products, and Systems Using an
under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate
Intermediate Scale Calorimeter (ICAL)
allfactorsrequiredforfirehazardorfireriskassessmentofthe
3. Terminology
materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.
3.1 Definitions:
1.8 Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safe-
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer
guards for personnel and property shall be employed in
to Terminology E176.
conducting these tests.
3.1.2 heat flux, n—heat transfer to a surface per unit area,
1.9 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
per unit time (see also initial test heat flux).
standard.
3.1.2.1 Discussion—The heat flux from an energy source,
such as a radiant heater, can be measured at the initiation of a
test(suchasTestMethodE1354,E1623,orE906/E906M)and
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E05 on Fire
Standards and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E05.21 on Smoke and
2
Combustion Products. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2022. Published November 2022. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 2016. Last previous edition approved in 2022 as E3048-22. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/E3048-22A. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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E3048 − 22a
thenreportedastheinitialtestheatflux,withtheunderstanding 5.
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E3048 − 22 E3048 − 22a An American National Standard
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Time to Burn-Through Using the
1
Intermediate Scale Calorimeter (ICAL) Radiant Panel
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E3048; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This fire-test-response test method assesses the response of materials, products, and assemblies to controlled levels of heat flux
with an external igniter.
1.2 The fire-test-response characteristics determined by this test method include the ignitability and time to burn-through of
materials, products, and assemblies under well ventilated conditions.
1.3 Heat, smoke, and mass loss rate are not within the scope of this test method, but are addressed by Test Method E1623.
1.3.1 This test method uses the same burner as that described in Test Method E1623. Two burner types are described (Burner A
and Burner B).
2
1.4 Specimens are exposed to a constant heat flux up to 50 50 kW kW/m⁄m in a vertical orientation. Hot wires are used to ignite
the combustible vapors from the specimen.
1.5 This test method has been developed for evaluations, design, or research and development of materials, products, or
assemblies, or for code compliance. The specimen shall be tested in thicknesses and configurations representative of actual end
product or system uses.
1.6 Limitations of the test method are listed in 5.7.
1.7 This test method is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under
controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials,
products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.
1.8 Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall be employed in conducting these
tests.
1.9 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E05 on Fire Standards and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E05.21 on Smoke and Combustion
Products.
Current edition approved April 1, 2022Nov. 1, 2022. Published May 2022November 2022. Originally approved in 2016. Last previous edition approved in 20192022 as
E3048-19a.-22. DOI: 10.1520/E3048-22.10.1520/E3048-22A.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E3048 − 22a
1.10 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific information about hazards is given in Section 7.
1.11 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E119 Test Methods for Fire Tests of Building Construction and Materials
E176 Terminology of Fire Standards
E603 Guide for Room Fire Experiments
E906/E906M Test Method for Heat and Visible Smoke Release Rates for Materials and Products Using a Thermopile Method
E1354 Test Method for Heat and Visible Smoke Release Rates for Materials and Products Using an Oxygen Consumption
Calorimeter
E1623 Test Method for Determination of Fire and Thermal Parameters of Materials, Products, and Systems Using an
Intermediate Scale Calorimeter (ICAL)
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer to Terminology E176.
3.1.2 heat flux, n—heat transfer to a surface per unit area, per unit time (see also initial test heat flux).
3.1.2.1 Discussion—
The heat flux from an energy source, such as a radiant heater, can be measured at the initiation of a test (such as Test Method
E1354, E1623, or E906/E906M) and then reported as the initial test heat flux, with the
...