ASTM D3153-87(2015)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Recoatability of Water-Emulsion Floor Polishes
Standard Test Method for Recoatability of Water-Emulsion Floor Polishes
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The essential practical usage of water-emulsion floor polishes as renewable coatings to protect and beautify floors, depends upon satisfactory recoatability. This test method is useful both in product development and final product testing, as a means of evaluating recoatability.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the effects of the application of a water-emulsion floor polish over a dried coating of the same polish. The method is designed for laboratory bench panel testing. A method is also provided for large area testing. A rating system is provided to indicate the acceptability of the polish based on recoatability performance.
Note 1: Recoatability of a water-emulsion floor polish is a general-performance property, and the determination of it is dependent upon the observation of several other properties of the polish under the specific conditions expressed in this test method. This test method for recoatability is not designed for the evaluation of other properties, except as these properties relate to the recoatability of the specific polish being evaluated under the conditions of this test.
1.2 Gloss as observed herein extends only to freedom from loss of apparent visual gloss upon recoating, in the execution of this test method, and should this loss occur, it indicates a distortion of the property of gloss, by recoating.
1.3 A degree of recoatability failure may be reflected from a degree of leveling failure. The failure to level should be observed only if it is to be a part of the observation of recoatability.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D3153 − 87 (Reapproved 2015)
Standard Test Method for
Recoatability of Water-Emulsion Floor Polishes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3153; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.1 beading—the apparent failure of the liquid polish to
wet out the surface as evidenced by the gathering of the polish
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the effects
into puddle-like beads.
of the application of a water-emulsion floor polish over a dried
coating of the same polish. The method is designed for
3.1.2 drag—theresistanceobservedwhenthewetapplicator
laboratory bench panel testing. A method is also provided for ismovedoverthewetcoating,whenthepolishisbeingspread.
large area testing. A rating system is provided to indicate the
3.1.3 foaming—the development and persistence of bubbles
acceptability of the polish based on recoatability performance.
in the wet polish during application.
NOTE 1—Recoatability of a water-emulsion floor polish is a general-
3.1.4 ghosting—the dissimilar appearance, in transparency
performance property, and the determination of it is dependent upon the
or gloss, of a portion of the coating.
observation of several other properties of the polish under the specific
conditionsexpressedinthistestmethod.Thistestmethodforrecoatability
3.1.5 streaking—the apparent mark (or marks) that remains
is not designed for the evaluation of other properties, except as these
in the dried film showing the path followed by the applicator
properties relate to the recoatability of the specific polish being evaluated
during the spreading of the liquid polish.
under the conditions of this test.
3.1.6 whitening—the development of a white color on or
1.2 Gloss as observed herein extends only to freedom from
within a coating during the drying process, which reduces the
lossofapparentvisualglossuponrecoating,intheexecutionof
functioningofapolishtobeautifyand(possibly)protectfloors.
this test method, and should this loss occur, it indicates a
distortion of the property of gloss, by recoating.
4. Summary of Test Method
1.3 Adegree of recoatability failure may be reflected from a
degree of leveling failure. The failure to level should be 4.1 The test method involves the application of floor polish
using, but not restricted to, cheesecloth or lamb’s wool
observed only if it is to be a part of the observation of
recoatability. applicator for spreading a measured amount of polish, over
previously applied coatings of the polish. The test method
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
includes a fast recoat cycle at 30 min which can also be used
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
following manufacturer’s directions and an extended recoat
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
cycle of seven days.All tests are run on commercial floor tile.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5. Significance and Use
2. Referenced Documents
5.1 The essential practical usage of water-emulsion floor
2.1 ASTM Standards:
polishes as renewable coatings to protect and beautify floors,
D2825 Terminology Relating to Polishes and Related Mate-
depends upon satisfactory recoatability. This test method is
rials
useful both in product development and final product testing,
as a means of evaluating recoatability.
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
6. Interferences
6.1 The presence of the factory finish, mold-release agents,
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD21onPolishes
or other foreign materials on the test surface, prior to the first
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D21.04 on Performance Tests.
application of the polish that is to be tested in accordance with
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2015. Published November 2015. Originally
this method, will cause irregular results. Abrading the surface
approved in 1972. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D3153 – 87 (2008).
DOI: 10.1520/D3153-87R15.
of the test panel or area (for example, by cleaning with an
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
abrasive pad) prior to the first application of the polish, will
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
yield abnormal results.The cleaning formula listed in Footnote
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. 3 should be used to remove the above mentioned coatings.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D3153 − 87 (2015)
7. Apparatus on all panels is not uniformly equal, discard these panels, and
3 prepare a new group of coated panels using the above
7.1 Floor Tile Panels, black vinyl (homogeneous), 304.8
procedure.
by 304.8 mm (12 by 12 in.).
NOTE 3—2.5 mL of polish are used for 12 by 12-in. (304.8 by
7.2 Floor Tile Area, black vinyl (homogeneous), 1.2 by 0.9
304.8-mm) panels. 1.4 mL of polish are used for 9 by 9-in. (228.6 by
m (4 by 3 ft).
228.6-mm) panels. Test can be performed using polish manufacturer’s
recommended rate of application.
7.3 Cheesecloth, clean, completely free of sizing.
9.1.4 Application of Second Coat—Thirty minutes after
7.4 Pipet, 5-mL, graduated in 0.2 mL.
application of the first coat of polish, or following manufac-
7.5 Graduate, 50 mL.
turer’s dry time recommendations, take two of the five panels
7.6 Applicator, lamb’s wool.
and apply on each a second coat using the procedure detailed
7.6.1 Optional applicators include chenille pads and cotton
in 9.1.3 for applying and spreading the polish. Record the
and synthetic mops.
temperature and relative humidity. Observe and record any
foaming of the polish and drag of the applicator during
NOTE 2—Black vinyl composition floor tile panels or black vinyl
composition floor tile area of the same dimensions as stated for the black application and spreading. Observe and record any beading of
vinyl (homogeneous) tile may be used. See Sections 9 and 11 of this
thepolishorrequiredadditionalstrokingwithapplicatortowet
method for information regarding the selection of test surfaces and
out the surface. Allow to dry 2 h, and observe and record any
reporting of results.
removal of the first coat, any whitening, streaking, or ghosting.
Observe and record leveling. Visually observe the apparent
8. Conditioning
gloss of the recoated polish, and record the comparison with
8.1 Average ambient conditions shall be equal for all
the single coat of polish.
polishesandsurfacesused,andshallbefreeofdrafts,andshall
9.1.5 After allowing them to remain undisturbed for seven
be between 15 and 30°C (59 and 86°F) with the relative
days under average ambient conditions, take two of the three
humidity not in excess of 70 % or below 40 %.
remaining panels which have a single coat of polish, recoat,
using the procedure given in 9.1
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D3153 − 87 (Reapproved 2008) D3153 − 87 (Reapproved 2015)
Standard Test Method for
Recoatability of Water-Emulsion Floor Polishes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3153; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the effects of the application of a water-emulsion floor polish over a dried
coating of the same polish. The method is designed for laboratory bench panel testing. A method is also provided for large area
testing. A rating system is provided to indicate the acceptability of the polish based on recoatability performance.
NOTE 1—Recoatability of a water-emulsion floor polish is a general-performance property, and the determination of it is dependent upon the
observation of several other properties of the polish under the specific conditions expressed in this test method. This test method for recoatability is not
designed for the evaluation of other properties, except as these properties relate to the recoatability of the specific polish being evaluated under the
conditions of this test.
1.2 Gloss as observed herein extends only to freedom from loss of apparent visual gloss upon recoating, in the execution of this
test method, and should this loss occur, it indicates a distortion of the property of gloss, by recoating.
1.3 A degree of recoatability failure may be reflected from a degree of leveling failure. The failure to level should be observed
only if it is to be a part of the observation of recoatability.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D2825 Terminology Relating to Polishes and Related Materials
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 beading—the apparent failure of the liquid polish to wet out the surface as evidenced by the gathering of the polish into
puddle-like beads.
3.1.2 drag—the resistance observed when the wet applicator is moved over the wet coating, when the polish is being spread.
3.1.3 foaming—the development and persistence of bubbles in the wet polish during application.
3.1.4 ghosting—the dissimilar appearance, in transparency or gloss, of a portion of the coating.
3.1.5 streaking—the apparent mark (or marks) that remains in the dried film showing the path followed by the applicator during
the spreading of the liquid polish.
3.1.6 whitening—the development of a white color on or within a coating during the drying process, which reduces the
functioning of a polish to beautify and (possibly) protect floors.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 The test method involves the application of floor polish using, but not restricted to, cheesecloth or lamb’s wool applicator
for spreading a measured amount of polish, over previously applied coatings of the polish. The test method includes a fast recoat
cycle at 30 min which can also be used following manufacturer’s directions and an extended recoat cycle of seven days. All tests
are run on commercial floor tile.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D21 on Polishes and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D21.04 on Performance Tests.
Current edition approved March 1, 2008Nov. 1, 2015. Published April 2008November 2015. Originally approved in 1972. Last previous edition approved in 20022008
as D3153 – 87 (2002).(2008). DOI: 10.1520/D3153-87R08.10.1520/D3153-87R15.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D3153 − 87 (2015)
5. Significance and Use
5.1 The essential practical usage of water-emulsion floor polishes as renewable coatings to protect and beautify floors, depends
upon satisfactory recoatability. This test method is useful both in product development and final product testing, as a means of
evaluating recoatability.
6. Interferences
6.1 The presence of the factory finish, mold-release agents, or other foreign materials on the test surface, prior to the first
application of the polish that is to be tested in accordance with this method, will cause irregular results. Abrading the surface of
the test panel or area (for example, by cleaning with an abrasive pad) prior to the first application of the polish, will yield abnormal
results. The cleaning formula listed in Footnote 3 should be used to remove the above mentioned coatings.
7. Apparatus
7.1 Floor Tile Panels, black vinyl (homogeneous), 304.8 by 304.8 mm (12 by 12 in.).
7.2 Floor Tile Area, black vinyl (homogeneous), 1.2 by 0.9 m (4 by 3 ft).
7.3 Cheesecloth, clean, completely free of sizing.
7.4 Pipet, 5-mL, graduated in 0.2 mL.
7.5 Graduate, 50 mL.
7.6 Applicator, lamb’s wool.
7.6.1 Optional applicators include chenille pads and cotton and synthetic mops.
NOTE 2—Black vinyl composition floor tile panels or black vinyl composition floor tile area of the same dimensions as stated for the black vinyl
(homogeneous) tile may be used. See Sections 9 and 11 of this method for information regarding the selection of test surfaces and reporting of results.
8. Conditioning
8.1 Average ambient conditions shall be equal for all polishes and surfaces used, and shall be free of drafts, and shall be between
15 and 30°C (59 and 86°F) with the relative humidity not in excess of 70 % or below 40 %.
9. Procedure
9.1 Bench Panel Test:
9.1.1 Selection of Panels—Select either five black vinyl (homogeneous) floor tile panels or five black vinyl composition floor
tile panels, for each polish under test, basing selection on like-new condition. Do not intermix these two types of test surfaces in
any one test sequence.
9.1.2 Preparation of Test Panels—Prepare five panels for each polish under test by cleaning with undiluted comparison cleaning
solution described in Footnote 6. Soak the panels face to face for 20 min. Using a soft brush or clean cheesecloth, scrub thoroughly
to remove all coatings, soil, etc. Rinse thoroughly with clear water and let dry completely.
9.1.3 Application of Polish—Prepare a swab 50.8 mm (2 in.) square and twelve plies thick, using clean cheesecloth, free of
sizing. Immerse the swab in the test polish and squeeze out the excess. Pipet 2.6 ml (Note 3) of the test polish on to the surface
of a test panel, which should be lying level on a horizontal surface, and spread the polish uniformly, using the swab previously
prepared. Repeat for the other four panels. Observe the coatings on all five panels after they have dried for 30 min. or following
manufacturers directions, under average ambient conditi
...
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