ASTM D7342-20
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Prolonged Worked Stability of Lubricating Grease in Presence of Water (Water Stability Test)
Standard Test Method for Prolonged Worked Stability of Lubricating Grease in Presence of Water (Water Stability Test)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 It is known that contamination by water can affect the shear stability of some greases in service. This test method is widely used to determine the wet shear stability of greases in service. Many grease specifications require these procedures as a wet shear stability test. No accurate correlation is established between the test results and wet shear stability of grease in actual service.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining the shear stability of lubricating grease in the presence of water (wet shear stability) by a full scale grease worker. This test method is also known as the water stability test.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D7342 − 20
Standard Test Method for
Prolonged Worked Stability of Lubricating Grease in
1
Presence of Water (Water Stability Test)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7342; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 3.1.1.1 Discussion—The term consistency is used somewhat
synonymously with penetration. Generally, consistency refers
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining the
to the worked penetration of a grease. D217
shear stability of lubricating grease in the presence of water
(wet shear stability) by a full scale grease worker. This test
3.1.2 lubricating grease, n—semi-fluid to solid product of a
method is also known as the water stability test. dispersion of a thickener in a liquid lubricant.
3.1.2.1 Discussion—The dispersion of the thickener forms a
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
two-phase system and immobilizes the liquid lubricant by
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
surface tension and other physical forces. Other ingredients are
standard.
commonly included to impart special properties. D217
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1.3 penetration, n—of lubricating grease, depth that the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
standard cone, when released to fall under its own weight for
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
5 s, enters the sample. D217
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.1.4 prolonged worked penetration, n—of lubricating
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
grease, the penetration of a sample after it has been worked
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
more than 60 double strokes in a standard grease worker at a
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
temperature of 15 °C to 30 °C (59 °F to 86 °F).
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
3.1.4.1 Discussion—After the prescribed number of double
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
strokes, the worker and contents are brought to 25 °C (77 °F),
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
workedanadditional60doublestrokes,andpenetratedwithout
delay.
2. Referenced Documents
3.1.5 thickener, n—in lubricating grease, substance com-
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
posed of finely divided particles dispersed in a liquid lubricant
D217 Test Methods for Cone Penetration of Lubricating
to form the product’s structure.
Grease
3.1.5.1 Discussion—The thickener can be fibers (such as
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
various metallic soaps) or plates or spheres (such as certain
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
non-soap thickener) which are insoluble or, at most, only very
Petroleum Products
slightly soluble in liquid lubricant. The general requirements
are that the solid particles be extremely small, uniformly
3. Terminology
dispersed, and capable of forming a relatively stable, gel-like
3.1 Definitions:
structure with the liquid lubricant. D217
3.1.1 consistency, n—of lubricating grease, degree of resis-
3.1.6 worked penetration, n—of lubricating grease, the
tance to movement under stress.
penetration at 25 °C, without delay, of a sample after 60 double
strokes in a standard grease worker. D217
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
3.1.7 working, n—of lubricating grease, subjection of a
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D02.G0.02 on Consistency and Related Rheological Tests.
sample to the shearing action of the standard grease worker.
Current edition approved June 1, 2020. Published September 2020. Originally
D217
approved in 2007. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as D7342 – 15. DOI:
10.1520/D7342-20.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
3.2.1 wet shear stability, n—of lubricating grease, change in
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
consistency of a mixture of sample and small amount of water
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. after a specified amount of working in a grease worker.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7342 − 15 D7342 − 20
Standard Test Method for
Prolonged Worked Stability of Lubricating Grease in
1
Presence of Water (Water Stability Test)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7342; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining the shear stability of lubricating grease in the presence of water (wet shear
stability) by a full scale grease worker. This test method is also known as the water stability test.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D217 Test Methods for Cone Penetration of Lubricating Grease
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 consistency, n—of lubricating grease, degree of resistance to movement under stress.
3.1.1.1 Discussion—
The term consistency is used somewhat synonymously with penetration. Generally, consistency refers to the worked penetration
of a grease. D217
3.1.2 lubricating grease, n—semi-fluid to solid product of a dispersion of a thickener in a liquid lubricant.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.G0.02 on Consistency and Related Rheological Tests.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2015June 1, 2020. Published February 2016September 2020. Originally approved in 2007. Last previous edition approved in 20072015
as D7342 – 07.D7342 – 15. DOI: 10.1520/D7342-15.10.1520/D7342-20.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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D7342 − 20
3.1.2.1 Discussion—
The dispersion of the thickener forms a two-phase system and immobilizes the liquid lubricant by surface tension and other
physical forces. Other ingredients are commonly included to impart special properties. D217
3.1.3 penetration, n—of lubricating grease, depth that the standard cone, when released to fall under its own weight for 5 s, enters
the sample. D217
3.1.4 prolonged worked penetration, n—of lubricating grease, the penetration of a sample after it has been worked more than 60
double strokes in a standard grease worker at a temperature of 15 °C to 30 °C (59 °F to 86 °F).
3.1.4.1 Discussion—
After the prescribed number of double strokes, the worker and contents are brought to 25 °C (77 °F), worked an additional 60
double strokes, and penetrated without delay.
3.1.5 thickener, n—in lubricating grease, substance composed of finely divided particles dispersed in a liquid lubricant to form
the product’s structure.
3.1.5.1 Discussion—
The thickener can be fibers (such as various metallic soaps) or plates or spheres (such as certain non-soap thickener) which are
insoluble or, at most, only very slightly soluble in liquid lubricant. The general requirements are that the solid particles to be be
extremely small, uniformly dispersed, and capable of forming a relatively stable, gel-like structure with the liquid lubricant. D217
3.1.5 wet shear stability
...
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