ASTM E3183-18
(Guide)Standard Guide for Harvesting Coal Combustion Products Stored in Active and Inactive Storage Areas for Beneficial Use
Standard Guide for Harvesting Coal Combustion Products Stored in Active and Inactive Storage Areas for Beneficial Use
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Purpose—This guide provides a process for reclamation of existing CCPs placed in active and inactive storage areas. The guide includes information on the following activities required for the safe and effective reclamation of CCPs from storage areas: (1) Background Review of CCP Storage Areas; (2) Detailed Characterization of CCP Storage Areas; (3) Harvesting Planning and Scoping of CCP Storage Areas; (4) Harvesting Detailed Design and Approval of CCP Storage Areas; and (5) Harvesting Implementation of CCP Storage Areas. More detailed descriptions of these activities are in Sections 6 through 10.
4.2 Potential Beneficial Uses of CCPs—There are many CCP storage areas that are potentially harvestable and can provide a functional benefit in a wide variety of beneficial uses. The beneficial use of CCPs contained in these storage areas can have significant environmental and economic benefits for the facility, the facility owner and the local economy, and can significantly reduce disposal operations (1-4).3 Beneficial use of CCPs can provide industry with a safe and responsible way to economically manage the CCPs, while promoting conservation and recycling/reuse, meeting sustainability goals, and addressing the shortage of CCPs in some building product market areas (1, 2, 5). CCPs consist of fly ash, bottom ash, boiler slag, fluidized-bed combustion (FBC) ash, economizer ash, and flue gas desulfurization (FGD) material (see Terminology E2201 for definitions of CCPs) (6, 7).
4.2.1 Fly ash is the most abundant CCP in existing storage areas. Its beneficial uses include, but are not limited to: partial replacement for cement in concrete and concrete products – once in concrete, fly ash reacts with Portland cement to create additional reaction products that improve the strength and durability of concrete; raw feed for the production clinker – fly ash can be calcined along with other minerals to produce clinker; blended cements – fly ash can be an important component ...
SCOPE
1.1 This guide provides a framework to address critical aspects related to the harvesting of CCPs placed in active (operational) and inactive (closed or no longer receiving CCPs) storage areas. These storage areas may be used for wet or dry material, and may be located at active or inactive facilities (that is, coal-fired electric utilities or independent power producers that are currently generating electricity or have ceased to do so, respectively). Also, CCPs may be harvested from active or inactive storage areas located on-site or off-site of the facility.
1.2 This guide does not include information on how to determine what storage areas or facilities, or both should be selected for potential harvesting of CCPs, as each entity may approach a harvesting program in accordance with their own harvesting pursuits and regulatory requirements. In addition, it does not include information on how an energy company or other interested parties should evaluate inventories to determine the order of their storage areas for potential harvesting, including consideration of risk, performance and cost. This guide is intended to be used to evaluate the potential harvesting of the storage areas once the storage areas are selected for evaluation.
1.3 This guide is comprised of the following sections: Scope, Section 1; Referenced Documents, Section 2; Terminology, Section 3; Significance and Use, Section 4; Project Planning and Scoping, Section 5: Background Review of CCP Storage Areas, Section 6; Detailed Characterization of CCP Storage Areas, Section 7; Harvesting Planning and Scoping of CCP Storage Areas, Section 8; Harvesting Detailed Design and Approval (as applicable) of CCP Storage Areas, Section 9; and Harvesting Implementation of CCP Storage Areas, Section 10. Not all information within this guide will be necessary for each harvesting project, and the user should determine the applicability of each section.
1.3.1 Section...
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Standards Content (Sample)
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Designation:E3183 −18
Standard Guide for
Harvesting Coal Combustion Products Stored in Active and
1
Inactive Storage Areas for Beneficial Use
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E3183; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.3.2 Section 2, Referenced Documents, includes published
documents referenced within this guide.
1.1 This guide provides a framework to address critical
1.3.3 Section 3, Terminology, includes definitions for terms
aspects related to the harvesting of CCPs placed in active
as they relate to this guide.
(operational)andinactive(closedornolongerreceivingCCPs)
1.3.4 Section 4, Significance and Use, describes the benefi-
storage areas. These storage areas may be used for wet or dry
material,andmaybelocatedat activeor inactive facilities(that cial use of CCPs stored within active and inactive storage
areas, including each CCP potential beneficial use; the context
is, coal-fired electric utilities or independent power producers
thatarecurrentlygeneratingelectricityorhaveceasedtodoso, of the guide and its use; the professional judgment that is
appropriate for use of the guide; and the inherent uncertainty
respectively). Also, CCPs may be harvested from active or
inactive storage areas located on-site or off-site of the facility. with the processes described within the guide.
1.3.5 Section 5, Project Planning and Scoping, describes the
1.2 This guide does not include information on how to
steps needed prior to implementing this guide, including:
determine what storage areas or facilities, or both should be
establishing a project team; determining what storage areas
selected for potential harvesting of CCPs, as each entity may
within the facility should be evaluated for potential harvesting
approach a harvesting program in accordance with their own
of CCPs; determining the potential materials to be harvested;
harvesting pursuits and regulatory requirements. In addition, it
compiling existing land use, environmental compliance,
does not include information on how an energy company or
geologic/hydrogeologic, topographic, design and construction
other interested parties should evaluate inventories to deter-
information; estimating potential project costs and project
mine the order of their storage areas for potential harvesting,
schedule with contingencies (if feasible); and identifying
including consideration of risk, performance and cost. This
factors that may impact the ability to harvest the CCPs.
guideisintendedtobeusedtoevaluatethepotentialharvesting
1.3.6 Section 6, Site Background Review of CCP Storage
of the storage areas once the storage areas are selected for
Areas, describes the steps for evaluating the attributes of
evaluation.
storage areas at the facility relative to harvestingCCPs.
1.3 This guide is comprised of the following sections:
1.3.7 Section 7, Detailed Characterization of CCP Storage
Scope, Section 1; Referenced Documents, Section 2;
Areas,describesthestepsfordevelopingandimplementingthe
Terminology, Section 3; Significance and Use, Section 4;
CCP characterization sampling and analysis plan that will
Project Planning and Scoping, Section 5: Background Review
evaluate the chemical and physical characteristics of the CCPs
of CCP Storage Areas, Section 6; Detailed Characterization of
withinthe storage areas,anddeterminingifamendmentstothe
CCP Storage Areas, Section 7; Harvesting Planning and
CCPs will be needed for beneficial use.
Scoping of CCPStorageAreas, Section 8; Harvesting Detailed
1.3.8 Section 8, Harvesting Planning and Scoping of CCP
Design and Approval (as applicable) of CCP Storage Areas,
Storage Areas, describes the steps necessary to evaluate the
Section 9; and Harvesting Implementation of CCP Storage
approval status of the storage areas and develop a conceptual
Areas, Section 10. Not all information within this guide will be
harvesting strategy and approval approach for the project.
necessary for each harvesting project, and the user should
Considerations are given for both active and inactive storage
determine the applicability of each section.
areas.
1.3.1 Section 1, Scope, includes information related to
contents of this guide, as well as what is not included in this 1.3.9 Section 9, Harvesting Detailed Design and Approval
guide. (as applicable) of CCP Storage Areas, describes the steps
needed to prepare the detailed design and approval documents
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E50 on (as applicable) for the CCP storage area harvesting and
Environmental Assessment, Risk Management and Corrective
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