ASTM A312/A312M-01

Standard Specification for Seamless and Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipes

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers seamless, straight-seam welded, and heavily cold worked welded austenitic stainless steel pipe intended for high-temperature and general corrosive service.
Note 1—When the impact test criterion for a low-temperature service would be 15 ft-lbf [20 J] energy absorption or 15 mils [0.38 mm] lateral expansion, some of the austenitic stainless steel grades covered by this specification are accepted by certain pressure vessel or piping codes without the necessity of making the actual test. For example, Grades TP304, TP304L, and TP347 are accepted by the ASME Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII Division 1, and by the Chemical Plant and Refinery Piping Code, ANSI B31.3, for service at temperatures as low as -425oF [-250oC] without qualification by impact tests. Other AISI stainless steel grades are usually accepted for service temperatures as low as -325oF [-200oC] without impact testing. Impact testing may, under certain circumstances, be required. For example, materials with chromium or nickel content outside the AISI ranges, and for material with carbon content exceeding 0.10 %, are required to be impact tested under the rules of ASME Section VIII Division 1 when service temperatures are lower than -50oF [-45oC].
1.2 Grades TP304H, TP309H, TP309HCb, TP310H, TP310HCb, TP316H, TP321H, TP347H, and TP348H are modifications of Grades TP304, TP309Cb, TP309S, TP310Cb, TP310S, TP316, TP321, TP347, and TP348, and are intended for high-temperature service.
1.3 Optional supplementary requirements are provided for pipe where a greater degree of testing is desired. These supplementary requirements call for additional tests to be made and, when desired, one or more of these may be specified in the order.
1.4 Table X1.1 lists the standardized dimensions of welded and seamless stainless steel pipe as shown in ANSI B36.19. These dimensions are also applicable to heavily cold worked pipe. Pipe having other dimensions may be furnished provided such pipe complies with all other requirements of this specification.
1.5 Grades TP321 and TP321H have lower strength requirements for pipe manufactured by the seamless process in nominal wall thicknesses greater than 3/8 in. [9.5 mm].
1.6 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the "M" designation of this specification is specified in the order.
Note 2—The dimensionless designator NPS (nominal pipe size) has been substituted in this standard for such traditional terms as "nominal diameter," "size," and "nominal size."

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Sep-2001
• ICS: 23.040.10 - Iron and steel pipes
• Technical Committee: A01 - Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys
• Drafting Committee: A01.10 - Stainless and Alloy Steel Tubular Products

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM A312/A312M-00c - Standard Specification for Seamless and Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipes
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001
• Replaced By: ASTM A312/A312M-01a - Standard Specification for Seamless and Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipes
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001
• Referred By: ASTM F2015-00(2019) - Standard Specification for Lap Joint Flange Pipe End Applications
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001
• Referred By: ASTM C852/C852M-17(2022) - Standard Guide for Design Criteria for Plutonium Gloveboxes
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001
• Referred By: ASTM F3226/F3226M-19 - Standard Specification for Metallic Press-Connect Fittings for Piping and Tubing Systems
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001
• Referred By: ASTM F1545-15a(2021) - Standard Specification for Plastic-Lined Ferrous Metal Pipe, Fittings, and Flanges
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001
• Referred By: ASTM F1076-19 - Standard Practice for Expanded Welded and Silver Brazed Socket Joints for Pipe and Tube
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001
• Referred By: ASTM A778/A778M-22 - Standard Specification for Welded, Unannealed Austenitic Stainless Steel Tubular Products
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001
• Referred By: ASTM F1548-01(2023) - Standard Specification for Performance of Fittings for Use with Gasketed Mechanical Couplings Used in Piping Applications
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001
• Referred By: ASTM F1197-19 - Standard Specification for Sliding Watertight Door Control Systems
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001
• Referred By: ASTM F1718-01(2019) - Standard Specification for Rotary Positive Displacement Distillate Fuel Pumps
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001
• Referred By: ASTM C1847-21 - Standard Specification for Direct Buried Pre-Insulated and Jacketed Polyurethane Bonded Low Temperature Hot Water Piping Systems
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001
• Referred By: ASTM A999/A999M-23 - Standard Specification for General Requirements for Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001
• Referred By: ASTM F1807-23 - Standard Specification for Metal Insert Fittings Utilizing a Copper Crimp Ring, or Alternate Stainless Steel Clamps, for SDR9 Cross-linked Polyethylene (PEX) Tubing and SDR9 Polyethylene of Raised Temperature (PE-RT) Tubing
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001
• Referred By: ASTM A733-16(2022) - Standard Specification for Welded and Seamless Carbon Steel and Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipe Nipples
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: A 312/A 312M – 01 An American National Standard
Used in USDOE-NE standards
Standard Specification for
1
Seamless and Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 312/A 312M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope ments for pipe manufactured by the seamless process in
3
2
nominal wall thicknesses greater than ⁄8 in. [9.5 mm].
1.1 This specification covers seamless, straight-seam
1.6 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units
welded, and heavily cold worked welded austenitic stainless
are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the
steel pipe intended for high-temperature and general corrosive
SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each
service.
system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must
NOTE 1—When the impact test criterion for a low-temperature service
be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
would be 15 ft·lbf [20 J] energy absorption or 15 mils [0.38 mm] lateral
two systems may result in nonconformance with the specifi-
expansion, some of the austenitic stainless steel grades covered by this
cation. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M”
specification are accepted by certain pressure vessel or piping codes
designation of this specification is specified in the order.
without the necessity of making the actual test. For example, Grades
TP304, TP304L, and TP347 are accepted by the ASME Pressure Vessel
NOTE 2—The dimensionless designator NPS (nominal pipe size) has
Code, Section VIII Division 1, and by the Chemical Plant and Refinery
been substituted in this standard for such traditional terms as “nominal
Piping Code, ANSI B31.3, for service at temperatures as low as −425°F
diameter,” “size,” and “nominal size.”
[−250°C] without qualification by impact tests. Other AISI stainless steel
grades are usually accepted for service temperatures as low as −325°F
2. Referenced Documents
[−200°C] without impact testing. Impact testing may, under certain
2.1 ASTM Standards:
circumstances, be required. For example, materials with chromium or
A 262 Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranu-
nickel content outside the AISI ranges, and for material with carbon
3
content exceeding 0.10 %, are required to be impact tested under the rules
lar Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steels
of ASME Section VIII Division 1 when service temperatures are lower
A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
than −50°F [−45°C]. 3
of Steel Products
1.2 Grades TP304H, TP309H, TP309HCb, TP310H, A 450/A 450M Specification for General Requirements for
4
TP310HCb, TP316H, TP321H, TP347H, and TP348H are
Carbon, Ferritic Alloy, and Austenitic Alloy Steel Tubes
modifications of Grades TP304, TP309Cb, TP309S, TP310Cb, A 941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Re-
4
TP310S, TP316, TP321, TP347, and TP348, and are intended
lated Alloys, and Ferroalloys
for high-temperature service. A 999/A 999M Specification for General Requirements for
4
1.3 Optional supplementary requirements are provided for
Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe
pipe where a greater degree of testing is desired. These E 112 Test Methods for Determining the Average Grain
5
supplementary requirements call for additional tests to be made Size
and, when desired, one or more of these may be specified in the
E 381 Method of Macroetch Testing Steel Bars, Billets,
5
order. Blooms, and Forgings
4
1.4 Table X1.1 lists the standardized dimensions of welded
E 527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS)
6
and seamless stainless steel pipe as shown in ANSI B36.19. 2.2 ANSI Standards:
These dimensions are also applicable to heavily cold worked
B1.20.1 Pipe Threads, General Purpose
pipe. Pipe having other dimensions may be furnished provided B36.10 Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe
such pipe complies with all other requirements of this specifi-
B36.19 Stainless Steel Pipe
cation. 2.3 ASME Standard:
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1.5 Grades TP321 and TP321H have lower strength require-
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code: Section VIII
1 3
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.03.
4
Stainless Steel, and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.01.
5
A01.10 on Stainless and Alloy Steel Tubular Products. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01.
6
Current edition approved Apr. 10, 2001. Published September 200
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