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ASTM D7618-13

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Ethyl Tertiary-Butyl Ether (ETBE) for Blending with Aviation Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel

Standard Specification for Ethyl Tertiary-Butyl Ether (ETBE) for Blending with Aviation Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel

ABSTRACT
This specification covers requirements for fuel grade ethyl tertiary-butyl ether (ETBE) that may be used for blending with fuels for aviation spark-ignition engines where permissible. The requirements for ETBE that may be used for blending with fuels for aviation spark-ignition engines are given. The ETBE shall be visually free of undissolved water, sediment, and suspended matter that could render the material unacceptable for the intended application.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers requirements for fuel grade ethyl tertiary-butyl ether (ETBE) that may be used for blending with fuels for aviation spark-ignition engines where permissible. Other ETBE grades available in the marketplace that do not comply with the requirements of this specification, are not suitable for blending with aviation fuels.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Apr-2013
ICS
75.160.20 - Liquid fuels
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Drafting Committee
D02.J0.04 - Additives and Electrical Properties
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D7618-10 - Standard Specification for Ethyl Tertiary-Butyl Ether (ETBE) for Blending with Aviation Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
Effective Date
01-May-2013
Referred By
ASTM D7796-21 - Standard Test Method for Analysis of Ethyl tert-Butyl Ether (ETBE) by Gas Chromatography
Effective Date
01-May-2013
Referred By
ASTM D8235-21 - Standard Specification for Ethyl Tertiary-Butyl Ether (ETBE) for Blending with Gasolines for Use as Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
Effective Date
01-May-2013
Referred By
ASTM D8076-21b - Standard Specification for 100 Research Octane Number Test Fuel for Automotive Spark-Ignition Engines
Effective Date
01-May-2013

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ASTM D7618-13 - Standard Specification for Ethyl Tertiary-Butyl Ether (ETBE) for Blending with Aviation Spark-Ignition Engine FuelASTM D7618-13 - Standard Specification for Ethyl Tertiary-Butyl Ether (ETBE) for Blending with Aviation Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
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REDLINE ASTM D7618-13 - Standard Specification for Ethyl Tertiary-Butyl Ether (ETBE) for Blending with Aviation Spark-Ignition Engine FuelREDLINE ASTM D7618-13 - Standard Specification for Ethyl Tertiary-Butyl Ether (ETBE) for Blending with Aviation Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
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REDLINE ASTM D7618-13 - Standard Specification for Ethyl Tertiary-Butyl Ether (ETBE) for Blending with Aviation Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D7618 −13 An American National Standard
Standard Specification for
Ethyl Tertiary-Butyl Ether (ETBE) for Blending with Aviation
1
Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7618; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* ucts by Hydrometer Method
D4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API
1.1 This specification covers requirements for fuel grade
Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
ethyltertiary-butylether(ETBE)thatmaybeusedforblending
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
with fuels for aviation spark-ignition engines where permis-
Petroleum Products
sible. Other ETBE grades available in the marketplace that do
D4171 Specification for Fuel System Icing Inhibitors
not comply with the requirements of this specification, are not
D4176 Test Method for FreeWater and Particulate Contami-
suitable for blending with aviation fuels.
nation in Distillate Fuels (Visual Inspection Procedures)
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
Petroleum Products
standard.
D5854 Practice for Mixing and Handling of Liquid Samples
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
D7796 Test Method for Analysis of Ethyl tert-Butyl Ether
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
(ETBE) by Gas Chromatography
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
E203 Test Method for Water Using Volumetric Karl Fischer
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Titration
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
E300 Practice for Sampling Industrial Chemicals
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
E1064 Test Method for Water in Organic Liquids by Coulo-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
metric Karl Fischer Titration
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
2. Referenced Documents
3.1.1 ethanol, n—chemical compound C H OH.
2
2 5
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1.2 methanol, n—chemical compound CH OH.
D130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petro-
3
leum Products by Copper Strip Test
3.1.3 ethyl tertiary-butyl ether (ETBE), n—chemical com-
D156 Test Method for Saybolt Color of Petroleum Products
pound CH CH OC(CH ) .
3 2 3 3
(Saybolt Chromometer Method)
D381 Test Method for Gum Content in Fuels by Jet Evapo- 3.1.4 tertiary-butyl alcohol (TBA), n—chemical compound
ration (CH ) COH.
3 3
D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API
3.1.5 methyl tertiary-butyl ether (MTBE), n—chemicalcom-
Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Prod-
pound CH OC(CH ) .
3 3 3
3.1.6 oxygenate, n—oxygen-containing ashless, organic
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
compound, such as an alcohol or ether, which may be used as
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
a fuel or fuel supplement.
Subcommittee D02.J0.04 on Additives and Electrical Properties.
Current edition approved May 1, 2013. Published August 2013. Originally
approved in 2010. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D7618 – 10. DOI:
4. Detailed Requirements
10.1520/D7618-13.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
4.1 ETBE that may be used for blending with fuels for
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
aviation spark-ignition engines shall conform to the require-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. ments of Table 1.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7618−13
TABLE 1 Detailed Requirements
appropriate procedures in Practice D4057 or Practice E300 for
A
Property Limits ASTM Test Method manual method sampling and in Practice D4177 for automatic
Ethyl tertiary-butyl ether, mass %, min. 95.0 D7796 method sampling as applicable.
Ethanol, mass %, max. 1.5 D7796
6.3 The correct sample volume and appropriate container
Methanol, mass%, max. 0.3 D7796
Tertiary-butyl alcohol, mass%, max 1.5 D7796
selection are
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7618 − 10 D7618 − 13
Standard Specification for
Ethyl Tertiary-Butyl Ether (ETBE) for Blending with Aviation
1
Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7618; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Scope*
1.1 This specification covers requirements for fuel grade ethyl tertiary-butyl ether (ETBE) that may be used for blending with
fuels for aviation spark-ignition engines where permissible. Other ETBE grades available in the marketplace that do not comply
with the requirements of this specification, are not suitable for blending with aviation fuels.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petroleum Products by Copper Strip Test
D156 Test Method for Saybolt Color of Petroleum Products (Saybolt Chromometer Method)
D381 Test Method for Gum Content in Fuels by Jet Evaporation
D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by
Hydrometer Method
D4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4171 Specification for Fuel System Icing Inhibitors
D4176 Test Method for Free Water and Particulate Contamination in Distillate Fuels (Visual Inspection Procedures)
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D5441 Test Method for Analysis of Methyl Tert-Butyl Ether (MTBE) by Gas Chromatography
D5854 Practice for Mixing and Handling of Liquid Samples of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D7796 Test Method for Analysis of Ethyl tert-Butyl Ether (ETBE) by Gas Chromatography
E203 Test Method for Water Using Volumetric Karl Fischer Titration
E300 Practice for Sampling Industrial Chemicals
E1064 Test Method for Water in Organic Liquids by Coulometric Karl Fischer Titration
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 ethanol, n—chemical compound C H OH.
2 5
3.1.2 methanol, n—chemical compound CH OH.
3
3.1.3 ethyl tertiary-butyl ether (ETBE), n—chemical compound CH CH OC(CH ) .
3 2 3 3
3.1.4 tertiary-butyl alcohol (TBA), n—chemical compound (CH ) COH.
3 3
3.1.5 methyl tertiary-butyl ether (MTBE), n—chemical compound CH OC(CH ) .
3 3 3
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.J0 on
Aviation Fuels.
Current edition approved May 1, 2010May 1, 2013. Published July 2010August 2013. Originally approved in 2010. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D7618 – 10.
DOI: 10.1520/D7618–10.10.1520/D7618-13.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7618 − 13
3.1.6 oxygenate, n—oxygen-containing ashless, organic compound, such as an alcohol or ether, which may be used as a fuel
or fuel supplement.
4. Detailed Requirements
4.1 ETBE that may be used for blending with fuels for aviation spark-ignition engines shall conform to the requirements of
Table 1.
5. Workmanship
5.1 The ETBE shall be visually free of undissolved water, sediment, and suspended matter. It shall be clear and bright at the
ambient temperature or 21°C, whichever is lower.
5.2 The specification defines only a basic purity for this product. The product shall be free of any adulterant or contaminant that
could render the material unacceptable for the intended application.
6. Sampling, Containers, and Sample Handling
...

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5.1 Wear due to excessive friction resulting in shortened life of engine components such as fuel pumps and fuel controls has sometimes been ascribed to lack of lubricity in an aviation fuel.  
5.2 The relationship of test results to aviation fuel system component distress due to wear has been demonstrated for some fuel/hardware combinations where boundary lubrication is a factor in the operation of the component.  
5.3 The wear scar generated in the ball-on-cylinder lubricity evaluator (BOCLE) test is sensitive to contamination of the fluids and test materials, the presence of oxygen and water in the atmosphere, and the temperature of the test. Lubricity measurements are also sensitive to trace materials acquired during sampling and storage. Containers specified in Practice D4306 shall be used.  
5.4 The BOCLE test method may not directly reflect operating conditions of engine hardware. For example, some fuels that contain a high content of certain sulfur compounds can give anomalous test results.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers assessment of the wear aspects of the boundary lubrication properties of aviation turbine fuels on rubbing steel surfaces.  
1.1.1 This test method incorporates two procedures, one using a semi-automated instrument and the second a fully automated instrument. Either of the two instruments may be used to carry out the test.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D7398-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME) in the Boiling Range from 100 °C to 615 °C by Gas Chromatography

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The boiling range distribution of FAMES provides an insight into the composition of product related to the transesterification process. This gas chromatographic determination of boiling range can be used to replace conventional distillation methods for product specification testing with the mutual agreement of interested parties.  
5.2 Biodiesel (FAMES) exhibits a boiling point rather than a distillation curve. The fatty acid chains in the raw oils and fats from which biodiesel is produced are mainly comprised of straight chain hydrocarbons with 16 to 18 carbons that have similar boiling temperatures. The atmospheric boiling point of biodiesel generally ranges from 330 °C to 357 °C. The Specification D6751 value of 360 °C max at 90 % off by Test Method D1160 was incorporated as a precaution to ensure the fuel has not been adulterated with high boiling contaminants.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the boiling range distribution of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME). This test method is applicable to FAMES (biodiesel, B100) having an initial boiling point greater than 100 °C and a final boiling point less than 615 °C at atmospheric pressure as measured by this test method.  
1.2 The test method can also be applicable to blends of diesel and biodiesel (B1 through B100), however precision for these samples types has not been evaluated.  
1.3 The test method is not applicable for analysis of petroleum containing low molecular weight components (for example naphthas, reformates, gasolines, crude oils).  
1.4 Boiling range distributions obtained by this test method are not equivalent to results from low efficiency distillation such as those obtained with Test Method D86 or D1160, especially the initial and final boiling points.  
1.5 This test method uses the principles of simulated distillation methodology. See Test Methods D2887, D6352, and D7213.  
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D7484-23a(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils for Valve-Train Wear Performance in Cummins ISB Medium-Duty Diesel Engine

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method was developed to assess the performance of a heavy-duty engine oil in controlling engine wear under operating conditions selected to accelerate soot production and valve-train wear in a turbocharged and aftercooled four-cycle diesel engine with sliding tappet followers equipped with exhaust gas recirculation hardware.  
5.2 The design of the engine used in this test method is representative of many, but not all, modern diesel engines. This factor, along with the accelerated operating conditions, shall be considered when extrapolating test results.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method, commonly referred to as the Cummins ISB Test, covers the utilization of a modern, 5.9 L, diesel engine equipped with exhaust gas recirculation and is used to evaluate oil performance with regard to valve-train wear.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.2.1 Exceptions—SI units are provided for all parameters except where there is no direct equivalent such as the units for screw threads, National Pipe Threads/diameters, tubing size, or where there is a sole source of supply equipment specification.  
1.2.2 See also A7.1 for clarification; it does not supersede 1.2 and 1.2.1.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Annex A1 for general safety precautions.  
1.4 Table of Contents:    
Section  
Scope  
1  
Referenced Documents  
2  
Terminology  
3  
Summary of Test Method  
4  
Significance and Use  
5  
Apparatus  
6  
Engine Fluids and Cleaning Solvents  
7  
Preparation of Apparatus  
8  
Engine/Stand Calibration and Non-Reference Oil Tests  
9  
Test Procedure  
10  
Calculations, Ratings, and Test Validity  
11  
Report  
12  
Precision and Bias  
13  
Annexes  
Safety Precautions  
Annex A1  
Intake Air Aftercooler  
Annex A2  
The Cummins ISB Engine Build Parts Kit  
Annex A3  
Sensor Locations and Special Hardware  
Annex A4  
External Oil System  
Annex A5  
Cummins Service Publications  
Annex A6  
Specified Units and Formats  
Annex A7  
Oil Analyses  
Annex A8  
Alternate Fuel Approval Process  
Annex A9  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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