ASTM D1318-16

Standard Test Method for Sodium in Residual Fuel Oil (Flame Photometric Method)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Excessive amounts of sodium can indicate the presence of materials that cause high wear of burner pumps and valves, and contribute to deposits of boiler heating surfaces.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of sodium in residual fuel oil by means of a flame photometer. Its precision in low ranges limits its application to samples containing more than 15 mg/kg sodium. Other elements commonly found in residual fuel oil do not interfere.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements see 6.3, 6.5, 6.7, 8.2, 6.8, 6.9, and Note 3.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Jun-2016
• ICS: 75.160.20 - Liquid fuels
• Technical Committee: D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
• Drafting Committee: D02.03 - Elemental Analysis

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D1318 − 16
Standard Test Method for
1
Sodium in Residual Fuel Oil (Flame Photometric Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1318; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 4. Significance and Use
1.1 This test method covers the determination of sodium in 4.1 Excessive amounts of sodium can indicate the presence
residual fuel oil by means of a flame photometer. Its precision of materials that cause high wear of burner pumps and valves,
in low ranges limits its application to samples containing more and contribute to deposits of boiler heating surfaces.
than 15 mg ⁄kg sodium. Other elements commonly found in
5. Apparatus
residual fuel oil do not interfere.
5.1 Flame Photometer, capable of isolating the sodium
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
doublet at 589 nm and stable enough to give repeatable
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
measurements that do not vary more than 5 % of their mean in
standard.
the 2 mg ⁄kg to 20 mg ⁄kg range of sodium.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
5.2 Platinum Dish, 100 mL capacity, approximately 35 mm
safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility
in depth.
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and
health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory 5.3 Electric Muffle Furnace, capable of operating over a
limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements see 6.3, variable range from 200 °C to 600 °C and of maintaining a
6.5, 6.7, 8.2, 6.8, 6.9, and Note 3. temperature of 550 °C 6 50 °C.
6. Reagents and Materials
2. Referenced Documents
2
6.1 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be
2.1 ASTM Standards:
used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
all reagents shall conform to the specifications of the Commit-
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
tee on Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society,
Petroleum Products
3
where such specifications are available. Other grades can be
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
used, provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of
Petroleum Products
sufficiently high purity to permit its use without lessening the
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance
accuracy of the determination.
and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical
Measurement System Performance
6.2 Purity of Water—Unless otherwise indicated, references
to water shall be understood to mean reagent water as defined
3. Summary of Test Method
by Type II or III of Specification D1193.
3.1 A weighed sample is reduced to a carbonaceous ash
6.3 Hydrochloric Acid (sp gr 1.19)—Concentrated hydro-
under controlled conditions. The residual carbon is removed by
chloric acid (HCl). (Warning—Poison. Causes severe burns.
heating in a muffle furnace at 550 °C. The ash is dissolved,
Harmful or fatal if swallowed or inhaled.)
diluted to volume, and the sodium determined by means of a
6.4 Hydrochloric Acid (1+9)—Mix 1 volume of HCl (sp gr
flame photometer.
1.19) with 9 volumes of water.
6.5 Hydrofluoric Acid (48 %)—Concentrated hydrofluoric
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on acid (HF). (Warning—Poison. Causes severe burns. Harmful
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricantsand is the direct responsibility of
or fatal if swallowed or inhaled.)
Subcommittee D02.03 on Elemental Analysis.
Current edition approved July 1, 2016. Published July 2016. Originally approved
3
in 1954. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D1318 – 00 (2011). DOI: Reagent Chemicals, American Chemical Society Specifications, American
10.1520/D1318-16. Chemical Society, Washington, DC. For suggestions on the testing of reagents not
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or listed by the American Chemical Society, see Analar Standards for Laboratory
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Chemicals, BDH Ltd., Poole, Dorset, U.K., and the United States Pharmacopeia
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on and National Formulary, U.S. Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc. (USPC), Rockville,
the ASTM website. MD.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D1318 − 16
6.
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This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D1318 − 00 (Reapproved 2011) D1318 − 16
Standard Test Method for
1
Sodium in Residual Fuel Oil (Flame Photometric Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1318; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of sodium in residual fuel oil by means of a flame photometer. Its precision in
low ranges limits its application to samples containing more than 1515 mg mg/kg ⁄kg sodium. Other elements commonly found
in residual fuel oil do not interfere.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the
user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations
prior to use. For specific hazard statements see 6.3, 6.5, 6.7, 8.2, 6.8, 6.9, and Note 3.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measure-
ment System Performance
3. Summary of Test Method
3.1 A weighed sample is reduced to a carbonaceous ash under controlled conditions. The residual carbon is removed by heating
in a muffle furnace at 550°C.550 °C. The ash is dissolved, diluted to volume, and the sodium determined by means of a flame
photometer.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 Excessive amounts of sodium can indicate the presence of materials that cause high wear of burner pumps and valves, and
contribute to deposits of boiler heating surfaces.
5. Apparatus
5.1 Flame Photometer, capable of isolating the sodium doublet at 589 nm 589 nm and stable enough to give repeatable
measurements that do not vary more than 5 % of their mean in the 22 mg ⁄kg to 2020 mg mg/kg ⁄kg range of sodium.
5.2 Platinum Dish, 100-mL100 mL capacity, approximately 35 mm 35 mm in depth.
5.3 Electric Muffle Furnace, capable of operating over a variable range from 200200 °C to 600°C600 °C and of maintaining a
temperature of 550550 °C 6 50°C.50 °C.
6. Reagents and Materials
6.1 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that all
reagents shall conform to the specifications of the Committee on Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society, where
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricantsand is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D02.03 on Elemental Analysis.
Current edition approved May 1, 2011July 1, 2016. Published May 2011July 2016. Originally approved in 1954. Last previous edition approved in 20052011 as D1318 – 00
(2005).(2011). DOI: 10.1520/D1318-00R11.10.1520/D1318-16.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D1318 − 16
3
such specifications are available. Other grades can be used, provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of sufficiently high
purity to permit its use without lessening the accuracy of the determination.
6.2 Purity of Water—Unless otherwise indicated, references to water shall be understood to mean reagent water as defined by
Type II or III of Specification D1193.
6.3 Hydrochloric Acid (sp gr 1.19)—Concentrated hydrochloric acid (HCl). (Warning—Warning—Poison. Causes severe
burns. Harmful or fatal if swallowed or inhaled.)
6.4 Hydrochloric Acid (1+9)—Mix 1 volume of HCl (sp gr 1.19) with 9 volumes of water.
6.5 Hydrofluoric Acid (48 %)—Concentrated hydrofluoric acid (HF). (Warning—Warning—Poison. Causes severe burns.
Har
...