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ASTM D178-01(2005)

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Rubber Insulating Matting

Standard Specification for Rubber Insulating Matting

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the acceptance testing of insulating rubber matting that are used as a floor covering for the personal protection of workers. The sheeting shall be made from any elastomer or combination of elastomeric compounds. Two types of matting, differing in chemical and physical characteristics, are provided and are designated as Type I, which has been properly vulcanized, and Type II, which has one or more of the following special properties: (A) ozone resistance; (B) flame resistance; and (C) oil resistance. Five classes of matting, designated as Classes 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4, are assigned according to electrical protection characteristics. When evaluated in accordance with the test procedures detailed herein, the matting shall adhere to the following property requirements: electrical properties such as phase-phase maximum use voltage, AC and DC proof-test voltages, AC and DC dielectric breakdown test voltages, and AC and DC electrode clearances; an physical and chemical properties such as moisture absorption, oil resistance, tensile strength, tension set, elongation, resistance to accelerated heat aging, and flame resistance.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers acceptance testing of rubber insulating matting for use as a floor covering for protection of workers.
1.2 Two types of matting, differing in chemical and physical characteristics, are provided and are designated as Type I and Type II matting.
The following safety hazards caveat applies only to the test method portion, Sections to , of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Note 1
Rubber insulating matting should remain flexible for use through normal temperature ranges.Note 2
Rubber as used in this specification is a generic term that includes elastomers and elastomer compounds, regardless of origin.
1.3 This test method covers a small-scale horizontal laboratory screening procedure for measuring the rate, extent, or time, or a combination thereof, of burning of rigid or flexible cellular plastics in accordance with this test procedure.
1.4 Materials that exhibit pronounced shrinking, curling, or melting away upon heating cannot be evaluated by this test method.
1.5 This test method is not applicable to materials that cannot be ignited under the conditions of this test, or to materials that exhibit progressive combustion without flame (continued glowing or charring).Note 3
The rate of burning or extent of burning of rigid cellular plastics also may be determined by Test Method D 3014 where the specimen is supported vertically.
1.5.1 Warning-During the course of combustion, gases or vapors, are evolved that may be hazardous to personnel. Adequate precautions should be taken to protect the operator.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
14-Nov-2005
ICS
29.035.20 - Plastics and rubber insulating materials
Technical Committee
F18 - Electrical Protective Equipment for Workers
Drafting Committee
F18.25 - Insulating Cover-Up Equipment
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D178-01e2 - Standard Specification for Rubber Insulating Matting
Effective Date
15-Nov-2005
Replaced By
ASTM D178-01(2010) - Standard Specification for Rubber Insulating Matting
Effective Date
01-Oct-2010

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ASTM D178-01(2005) - Standard Specification for Rubber Insulating MattingASTM D178-01(2005) - Standard Specification for Rubber Insulating Matting
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ASTM D178-01(2005) - Standard Specification for Rubber Insulating Matting
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D178 – 01 (Reapproved 2005)
Standard Specification for
1
Rubber Insulating Matting
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D178; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope D570 Test Method for Water Absorption of Plastics
D573 Test Method for Rubber—Deterioration in an Air
1.1 This specification covers acceptance testing of rubber
Oven
insulating matting for use as a floor covering for protection of
D1692 Discontinued 1978; Method of Test for Rate of
workers.
BurningorExtentandTimeofBurningofCellularPlastics
1.2 Twotypesofmatting,differinginchemicalandphysical
3
Using a Specimen Supported by a Horizontal Screen
characteristics, are provided and are designated as Type I and
4
2.2 American National Standard:
Type II matting.
ANSI C84.1 Voltage Ratings for Electric Power Systems
1.3 The following safety hazards caveat applies only to the
and Equipment (60 Hz)
test method portion, Sections 17 to 19, of this specification:
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety
3. Terminology
concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
3.1 Definitions:
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and
3.1.1 user, n—as used in 4.3.1, the entity employing the
health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
actual worker(s) utilizing the equipment; if no separate em-
limitations prior to use.
ployer, then the individual.
NOTE 1—Rubber insulating matting should remain flexible for use
3.1.2 voltage, maximum retest, n—voltage, either ac rms or
through normal temperature ranges.
dc avg, which is equal to the proof-test voltage for new
NOTE 2—Rubber as used in this specification is a generic term that
protective equipment.
includes elastomers and elastomer compounds, regardless of origin.
3.1.3 voltage, retest, n—voltage, either ac rms or dc avg,
2. Referenced Documents that used protective equipment must be capable of withstand-
2
ing for a specified test period without breakdown.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1.4 voltage, nominal design, n—a nominal value consis-
D149 Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage and
tent with the latest revision of ANSI C84.1, assigned to the
Dielectric Strength of Solid Electrical Insulating Materials
circuit or system for the purpose of conveniently designating
at Commercial Power Frequencies
its voltage class.
D297 TestMethodsforRubberProducts—ChemicalAnaly-
3.1.5 voltage, maximum use, n—the ac voltage (rms) clas-
sis
sification of the protective equipment that designates the
D412 Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermo-
maximum nominal design voltage of the energized system that
plastic Elastomers—Tension
may be safely worked. The nominal design voltage is equal to
D471 Test Method for Rubber Property—Effect of Liquids
phase-to-phase voltage on multiphase circuits.
D518 Test Method for Rubber Deterioration—Surface
3
3.1.5.1 If there is no multiphase exposure in a system area,
Cracking
and the voltage exposure is limited to phase (polarity on dc
systems) to ground potential, the phase (polarity on dc sys-
1 tems) to ground potential shall be considered to be the nominal
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F18 on
Electrical Protective Equipment for Workers and is the direct responsibility of design voltage.
Subcommittee F18.25 on Insulating Cover-Up Equipment. This standard replaces
3.1.5.2 If electrical equipment and devices are insulated, or
ANSI Standard J 6.7, which is no longer available.
isolated, or both, such that the multiphase exposure on a
Current edition approved Nov. 15, 2005. Published November 2005. Originally
´2.
grounded wye circuit is removed, then the nominal design
approved in 1923. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D178 – 01 DOI:
10.1520/D0178-01R05.
voltage may be considered as the phase-to-ground voltage on
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
that circuit.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
3 4
Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced Available from American National Standards Institute, 11 West 42nd Street,
on www.astm.org. 13th Floor, New York, NY 10036.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D178 – 01 (20
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This specification covers the acceptance testing of insulating rubber matting that are used as a floor covering for the personal protection of workers. The sheeting shall be made from any elastomer or combination of elastomeric compounds. Two types of matting, differing in chemical and physical characteristics, are provided and are designated as Type I, which has been properly vulcanized, and Type II, which has one or more of the following special properties: (A) ozone resistance; (B) flame resistance; and (C) oil resistance. Five classes of matting, designated as Classes 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4, are assigned according to electrical protection characteristics. When evaluated in accordance with the test procedures detailed herein, the matting shall adhere to the following property requirements: electrical properties such as phase-phase maximum use voltage, AC and DC proof-test voltages, AC and DC dielectric breakdown test voltages, and AC and DC electrode clearances; an physical and chemical properties such as moisture absorption, oil resistance, tensile strength, tension set, elongation, resistance to accelerated heat aging, and flame resistance.
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X1.3 Significance and Use
X1.3.1 Tests made on a cellular plastic under conditions herein prescribed can be of considerable value in comparing the rate of burning and/or extent and time of burning of different materials, in controlling manufacturing processes, or as a measure of deterioration or change in burning characteristics prior to or during use.
X1.3.2 This test method is not intended to be a criterion for fire hazard. The fire hazard created by materials depends upon the form and end use of the material. Assessment of fire hazard includes, but is not limited to, many factors, such as, ease of ignition, burning rate, flame spread, fuel contribution, intensity of burning, and products of combustion.
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1.1 This specification covers acceptance testing of rubber insulating matting for use as a floor covering for protection of workers.  
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5.1 Before proceeding with these test methods, reference should be made to the specification of the material being tested. Any test specimen preparation, conditioning, dimensions, and testing parameters covered in the materials specification shall take precedence over those mentioned in these test methods. If there is no material specification, then the default conditions apply.  
5.2 The pendulum impact test indicates the energy to break standard test specimens of specified size under stipulated parameters of specimen mounting, notching, and pendulum velocity-at-impact.  
5.3 The energy lost by the pendulum during the breakage of the specimen is the sum of the following:  
5.3.1 Energy to initiate fracture of the specimen;  
5.3.2 Energy to propagate the fracture across the specimen;  
5.3.3 Energy to throw the free end (or ends) of the broken specimen (“toss correction”);  
5.3.4 Energy to bend the specimen;  
5.3.5 Energy to produce vibration in the pendulum arm;  
5.3.6 Energy to produce vibration or horizontal movement of the machine frame or base;  
5.3.7 Energy to overcome friction in the pendulum bearing and in the indicating mechanism, and to overcome windage (pendulum air drag);  
5.3.8 Energy to indent or deform plastically the specimen at the line of impact; and  
5.3.9 Energy to overcome the friction caused by the rubbing of the striker (or other part of the pendulum) over the face of the bent specimen.  
5.4 For relatively brittle materials, for which fracture propagation energy is small in comparison with the fracture initiation energy, the indicated impact energy absorbed is, for all practical purposes, the sum of factors 5.3.1 and 5.3.3. The toss correction (see 5.3.3) may represent a very large fraction of the total energy absorbed when testing relatively dense and brittle materials. Test Method C shall be used for materials that have an Izod impact resistance of less than 27 J/m (0.5 ft·lbf/in.). (See Appendix X4 for optional units.) T...
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1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the resistance of plastics to “standardized” (see Note 1) pendulum-type hammers, mounted in “standardized” machines, in breaking standard specimens with one pendulum swing (see Note 2). The standard tests for these test methods require specimens made with a milled notch (see Note 3). In Test Methods A, C, and D, the notch produces a stress concentration that increases the probability of a brittle, rather than a ductile, fracture. In Test Method E, the impact resistance is obtained by reversing the notched specimen 180° in the clamping vise. The results of all test methods are reported in terms of energy absorbed per unit of specimen width or per unit of cross-sectional area under the notch. (See Note 4.)
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Standard Test Method for Rockwell Hardness of Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materials

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     where:
  HR  =  the Rockwell hardness number, and   e  =  the depth of impression after removal of the major load, in units of 0.002 mm. This relation only holds for the E, M, L, R, and K scales.    
4.2 A Rockwell hardness number is directly related to the indentation hardness of a plastic material, with the higher the reading the harder the material. An α hardness number is equal to 150 minus the instrument reading. Due to a short overlap of Rockwell hardness scales by Procedure A, two different dial readings on different scales may be obtained on the same material, both of which may be technically correct.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers two procedures for testing the indention hardness of plastics and related plastic electrical insulating materials by means of the Rockwell hardness tester.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: This test method and ISO 2039-2 are equivalent. Procedure A of this test method is equivalent to the test method in the main body of ISO 2039-2. Procedure B of this test method is equivalent to the test method in the integral annex part of ISO 2039-2.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    6 pages
    English language
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  • Standard
    6 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off