ASTM E1746-17
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Sampling and Analysis of Liquid Chlorine for Gaseous Impurities
Standard Test Method for Sampling and Analysis of Liquid Chlorine for Gaseous Impurities
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 It is very difficult to exclude sample contamination by ambient air during the process of sampling. The levels of atmospheric contamination caused by poor sampling methods are often equal to or larger than the levels of the gaseous impurities present in the chlorine. This results in markedly elevated levels of detected impurities. As specifications become tighter, it becomes more important to measure the gaseous impurity levels in liquid chlorine correctly.
4.2 Additional problems are experienced in the sampling of liquefied gases for the gaseous impurities. The gaseous impurities reach an equilibrium between the liquid phase and vapor phase in a sample bomb. The quantity of gases measured in any particular sample containing both liquid and vapor will be a function of the amount of vapor space in the sample bomb. This test method avoids the presence of liquid in the sample bomb.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers sampling and analysis of liquid chlorine for the determination of oxygen (200 to 400 μg/g), nitrogen (400 to 800 μg/g), and carbon dioxide (800 to 1000 ppm) content at levels normally seen in liquid chlorine. Hydrogen and carbon monoxide concentrations in liquid chlorine are typically at or below the detection limit of this test method.
Note 1: The minimum detection limit of hydrogen using a 1 cm3 gas sample and argon carrier gas is 100 to 200 μg/g.2 The detection limit for the other components is significantly lower.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 Review the current Safety Data Sheets (SDS) for detailed information concerning toxicity, first aid procedures, and safety precautions.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazards statements are given in Section 7.
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Designation: E1746 − 17
Standard Test Method for
Sampling and Analysis of Liquid Chlorine for Gaseous
1
Impurities
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1746; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 173.315 Compressed Gases in Cargo Tanks and Portable
Tank Containers
1.1 This test method covers sampling and analysis of liquid
2.2 Other Document:
chlorine for the determination of oxygen (200 to 400 µg/g),
4
Chlorine Institute Pamphlet No. 1 Chlorine Basics
nitrogen (400 to 800 µg/g), and carbon dioxide (800 to 1000
ppm) content at levels normally seen in liquid chlorine.
3. Summary of Test Method
Hydrogen and carbon monoxide concentrations in liquid chlo-
3.1 Asampleofliquidchlorineistrappedinasamplingtube
rine are typically at or below the detection limit of this test
and vaporized into a steel bomb. The vaporized chlorine in the
method.
steel bomb is introduced into a gas chromatograph by a gas
3
3
NOTE 1—The minimum detection limit of hydrogen usinga1cm gas
sampling loop (1 cm ) using a ten-port gas sampling and
2
sample and argon carrier gas is 100 to 200 µg/g. The detection limit for
5
switching valve. The separations are made on a Porapak Q
the other components is significantly lower.
column and on a 5Amolecular sieve column whose lengths are
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
such that the peaks do not overlap.
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
3.2 Any component that co-elutes with the components of
standard.
interest may interfere with this analysis.
1.3 Review the current Safety Data Sheets (SDS) for de-
tailed information concerning toxicity, first aid procedures, and
4. Significance and Use
safety precautions.
4.1 It is very difficult to exclude sample contamination by
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
ambient air during the process of sampling. The levels of
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
atmospheric contamination caused by poor sampling methods
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
are often equal to or larger than the levels of the gaseous
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
impurities present in the chlorine. This results in markedly
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazards
elevated levels of detected impurities. As specifications be-
statements are given in Section 7.
come tighter, it becomes more important to measure the
gaseous impurity levels in liquid chlorine correctly.
2. Referenced Documents
4.2 Additional problems are experienced in the sampling of
3
2.1 Code of Federal Regulations:
liquefied gases for the gaseous impurities. The gaseous impu-
49 CFR 173, Code of Federal Regulations Title 49, Trans-
rities reach an equilibrium between the liquid phase and vapor
portation: Shippers’ General Requirements for Shipments
phaseinasamplebomb.Thequantityofgasesmeasuredinany
and Packaging, including the following sections:
particular sample containing both liquid and vapor will be a
173.304 Charging of Cylinders with Liquefied Compressed
function of the amount of vapor space in the sample bomb.
Gas
This test method avoids the presence of liquid in the sample
173.314 Requirements for Compressed Gases in Tank Cars
bomb.
5. Apparatus
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D16 on
Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Related Chemicals and is the direct responsibility of
5.1 Gas Chromatograph—Shimadzu GC-8AIT equipped as
Subcommittee D16.16 on Industrial and Specialty Product Standards.
shown in Fig. 1, or equivalent, equipped with a thermal
Current edition approved March 1, 2017. Published March 2017. Originally
conductivity detector.
approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as E1746– 08. DOI:
10.1520/E1746-17.
2
Thompson, B., Fundamentals of Gas Chromatography, Varian Instruments
4
Division, Sunnyvale, CA, p. 73. Available from The Chlorine Institute, Inc., 1300 Wilson Blvd., Suite 525,
3
Available from DLA Document Services, Building 4/D, 700 Robbins Ave., Arlington, VA 22209.
5
Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, http://quicksearch.dla.mil. Porapak is a trademark of Waters Associates, Inc.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E1746 − 17
FIG. 1 Chlorine Impurity Analysis System Flow Diagram
7
5.2 Recorder, 1 mV, 0.5 s full-scale response. 5.5.2 0.8 m of 80/100 mesh Sh
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E1746 − 08 E1746 − 17
Standard Test Method for
Sampling and Analysis of Liquid Chlorine for Gaseous
1
Impurities
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1746; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers sampling and analysis of liquid chlorine for the determination of oxygen (200 to 400 μg/g), nitrogen
(400 to 800 μg/g), and carbon dioxide (800 to 1000 ppm) content at levels normally seen in liquid chlorine. Hydrogen and carbon
monoxide concentrations in liquid chlorine are typically at or below the detection limit of this test method.
3 2
NOTE 1—The minimum detection limit of hydrogen using a 1 cm gas sample and argon carrier gas is 100 to 200 μg/g. The detection limit for the
other components is significantly lower.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 Review the current Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)(SDS) for detailed information concerning toxicity, first aid
procedures, and safety precautions.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. Specific hazards statements are given in Section 7.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 Code of Federal Regulations:
49 CFR 173, Code of Federal Regulations Title 49, Transportation: Shippers’ General Requirements for Shipments and
Packaging, including the following sections:
173.304 Charging of Cylinders with Liquefied Compressed Gas
173.314 Requirements for Compressed Gases in Tank Cars
173.315 Compressed Gases in Cargo Tanks and Portable Tank Containers
2.2 Other Document:
4
Chlorine Institute Pamphlet No. 771 Sampling Liquid ChlorineChlorine Basics
3. Summary of Test Method
3.1 A sample of liquid chlorine is trapped in a sampling tube and vaporized into a steel bomb. The vaporized chlorine in the
3
steel bomb is introduced into a gas chromatograph by a gas sampling loop (1 cm ) using a ten-port gas sampling and switching
5
valve. The separations are made on a Porapak®Porapak Q column and on a 5A molecular sieve column whose lengths are such
that the peaks do not overlap.
3.2 Any component that co-elutes with the components of interest may interfere with this analysis.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 It is very difficult to exclude sample contamination by ambient air during the process of sampling. The levels of atmospheric
contamination caused by poor sampling methods are often equal to or larger than the levels of the gaseous impurities present in
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D16 on Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Related Chemicals and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D16.16 on Industrial and Specialty Product Standards.
Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2008March 1, 2017. Published January 2009March 2017. Originally approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 20012008
ε1
as E1746– 95 (2001)08. . DOI: 10.1520/E1746-08.10.1520/E1746-17.
2
Thompson, B., Fundamentals of Gas Chromatography, Varian Instruments Division, Sunnyvale, CA, p. 73.
3
Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D, DLA Document Services, Building 4/D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094,
Attn: NPODS.http://quicksearch.dla.mil.
4
Available from The Chlorine Institute, Inc., 2001 L Street NW, Washington, DC 20036-4919.1300 Wilson Blvd., Suite 525, Arlington, VA 22209.
5
Porapak is a trademark of Waters Associates, Inc.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E1746 − 17
the chlorine. This results in markedly elevated levels of detected impurities. As specifications become tighter, it becomes more
important to measure the gaseous impurity levels in liquid chlorine correctly.
4.2 Additional problems are experienced in the sampling of liquefied gases for the gaseous impurities. The gaseous impurities
reach an equilibrium between the liquid phase and vapor
...
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