ASTM C1167-11(2017)

Standard Specification for Clay Roof Tiles

ABSTRACT
This specification covers clay roof tiles with such durability and appearance that can provide a weather-resistant surface of a specified design. Each tile should be manufactured from clay, shale, or similar naturally occurring earthy substances and subjected to high-temperature firing. The heat treatment should develop a fired bond between material particles that provides the required strength and durability. The tiles should be shaped by molding, pressing, or extrusion during manufacture. Generally, the tiles are planar or undulating rectangular and are classified into three grades according to the degree of resistance to weathering. Materials are also grouped into three types according to profile and rise-to-width ratio. Colors and textures produced by application of inorganic coatings are allowed except when the coloring is done by flashing or the texturing by sanding where the sand does not form a continuous coating. Each tile should conform to the specified values of durability, freezing and thawing, transverse breaking strength, efflorescence, reactive particulates, and permeability.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers clay tiles intended for use as roof covering where durability and appearance are required to provide a weather-resistant surface of specified design.  
1.2 Tiles are manufactured from clay, shale, or similar naturally occurring earthy substances and subjected to heat treatment at elevated temperatures (firing). The heat treatment must develop a fired bond between the particulate constituents to provide the strength and durability requirements of this specification (see firing and fired bond in Terminology C1232).  
1.3 Tiles are shaped during manufacture by molding, pressing, or extrusion and it is permitted to use the shaping method to describe the tiles.  
1.4 Tiles are generally planar or undulating rectangular shapes available in a variety of cross-sectional profiles, shapes, sizes, surface textures, and colors.  
1.5 Three grades of tile having various degrees of resistance to weathering are covered in this specification. Three types of tile are defined to cover the features that influence appearance.  
1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Nov-2017
• ICS: 91.100.25 - Terracotta building products
• Technical Committee: C15 - Manufactured Masonry Units
• Drafting Committee: C15.06 - Roofing Tile

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:C1167 −11 (Reapproved 2017)
Standard Specification for
1
Clay Roof Tiles
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1167; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 This specification covers clay tiles intended for use as 2.1 ASTM Standards:
C1232Terminology for Masonry
roof covering where durability and appearance are required to
C67Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Brick and
provide a weather-resistant surface of specified design.
Structural Clay Tile
1.2 Tiles are manufactured from clay, shale, or similar
C297/C297MTest Method for Flatwise Tensile Strength of
naturally occurring earthy substances and subjected to heat
Sandwich Constructions
treatment at elevated temperatures (firing). The heat treatment
C554Test Method for Crazing Resistance of Fired Glazed
must develop a fired bond between the particulate constituents
Ceramic Whitewares by a Thermal Shock Method
to provide the strength and durability requirements of this
specification(see firingand fired bondinTerminologyC1232).
3. Terminology
1.3 Tiles are shaped during manufacture by molding,
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms relating to struc-
pressing, or extrusion and it is permitted to use the shaping
turalclayproducts,andclayrooftiles,seeTerminologyC1232.
method to describe the tiles.
4. Classification
1.4 Tiles are generally planar or undulating rectangular
shapesavailableinavarietyofcross-sectionalprofiles,shapes, 4.1 Clay roof tiles covered by this specification are classi-
sizes, surface textures, and colors. fiedbygradefordurabilityandtypeforappearanceasfollows:
4.1.1 Grades:
1.5 Threegradesoftilehavingvariousdegreesofresistance
4.1.1.1 Grade 1—Providing resistance to severe frost ac-
to weathering are covered in this specification. Three types of
tion.
tile are defined to cover the features that influence appearance.
4.1.1.2 Grade 2—Providing resistance to moderate frost
1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
action.
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
4.1.1.3 Grade 3—Providing negligible resistance to any
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
frost action.
and are not considered standard.
4.1.1.4 Grades relate to exposure to weather as defined in
Table 1.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4.2 Types:
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4.2.1 Type I—High-profile tiles—tiles having a rise-to-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
width ratio greater than 1:5.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.2.2 Type II—Low-profile tiles—tiles having a rise-to-
1.8 This international standard was developed in accor- width ratio equal to, or less than 1:5.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
4.2.3 Type III—All other tiles, including flat.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
5. Material and Finish
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
5.1 Colors and textures produced by application of inor-
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ganic coatings to the faces of the tiles are not prohibited
provided that evidence satisfactory to the purchaser is fur-
nished regarding the durability of the coatings. Tiles that are
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C15 on
Manufactured Masonry Units and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
2
C15.06 on Roofing Tile. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2017. Published January 2018. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as C1167–11. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/C1167-11R17. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C1167−11 (2017)
TABLE 1 Grade Classification for Clay Roof Tiles TABLE 2 Physical Requirements
Grade Absorption Requirements
Weathering Index (see Annex A1)
(All Types)
Cold Water Absorption Maximum Saturation
A
1 500 and greater Maximum Percent Coefficient
Grade
2 50to500
Average of Individual Average of Individual
3 less than 50
Five Tiles Tile Five Tiles Tile
1 6 8 0.74 0.76
2 11 13 0.80
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C1167 − 11 C1167 − 11 (Reapproved 2017)
Standard Specification for
1
Clay Roof Tiles
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1167; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers clay tiles intended for use as roof covering where durability and appearance are required to provide
a weather-resistant surface of specified design.
1.2 Tiles are manufactured from clay, shale, or similar naturally occurring earthy substances and subjected to heat treatment at
elevated temperatures (firing). The heat treatment must develop a fired bond between the particulate constituents to provide the
strength and durability requirements of this specification (see firing and fired bond in Terminology C1232).
1.3 Tiles are shaped during manufacture by molding, pressing, or extrusion and it is permitted to use the shaping method to
describe the tiles.
1.4 Tiles are generally planar or undulating rectangular shapes available in a variety of cross-sectional profiles, shapes, sizes,
surface textures, and colors.
1.5 Three grades of tile having various degrees of resistance to weathering are covered in this specification. Three types of tile
are defined to cover the features that influence appearance.
1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C1232 Terminology for Masonry
C67 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Brick and Structural Clay Tile
C297/C297M Test Method for Flatwise Tensile Strength of Sandwich Constructions
C554 Test Method for Crazing Resistance of Fired Glazed Ceramic Whitewares by a Thermal Shock Method
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms relating to structural clay products, and clay roof tiles, see Terminology C1232.
4. Classification
4.1 Clay roof tiles covered by this specification are classified by grade for durability and type for appearance as follows:
4.1.1 Grades:
4.1.1.1 Grade 1—Providing resistance to severe frost action.
4.1.1.2 Grade 2—Providing resistance to moderate frost action.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C15 on Manufactured Masonry Units and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C15.06 on Roofing
Tile.
Current edition approved June 1, 2011Dec. 1, 2017. Published June 2011January 2018. Originally approved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 20092011 as
C1167 – 03C1167 – 11. (2009). DOI: 10.1520/C1167-11.10.1520/C1167-11R17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C1167 − 11 (2017)
4.1.1.3 Grade 3—Providing negligible resistance to any frost action.
4.1.1.4 Grades relate to exposure to weather as defined in Table 1.
4.2 Types:
4.2.1 Type I—High-profile tiles—tiles having a rise-to-width ratio greater than 1:5.
4.2.2 Type II—Low-profile tiles—tiles having a rise-to-width ratio equal to, or less than 1:5.
4.2.3 Type III—All other tiles, including flat.
5. Material and Finish
5.1 Colors and textures produced by application of inorganic coatings to the faces of the tiles are not prohibited provided that
evidence satisfactory to the purchaser is furnished regarding the durability of the coatings
...