ASTM A400-69(2006)
(Practice)Standard Practice for Steel Bars, Selection Guide, Composition, and Mechanical Properties
Standard Practice for Steel Bars, Selection Guide, Composition, and Mechanical Properties
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
If the desired mechanical properties are as described in 4.1.1 for material identified as Classes P-1 through P-7, or in 4.1.2 for material identified as Classes Q-1 through Q-7, the strength level desired can be based on hardness or the equivalent tensile or yield strength as shown in Tables 1-4. If the desired mechanical properties are as set forth in 4.1.3 for material identified as Classes R-1 through R-6, the strength level is based on yield strength as shown in Tables 5 and 6.
The user, after determining the mechanical property requirements of the critical section (that carrying the greatest stress) of the part, should select the composition or compositions from Tables 1-6 that fulfills these requirements and is most suitable for processing.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the selection of steel bars according to section and to the mechanical properties desired in the part to be produced. This is not a specification for the procurement of steel. Applicable procurement specifications are listed in Section .
1.2 Several steel compositions intended for various sections and mechanical property requirements are presented in . The criteria for placing a steel composition in one of the three general class designations, Classes P, Q, and R (described in Section ) are as follows:
1.2.1 Classes P and Q should be capable of developing the mechanical properties shown in by liquid quenching from a suitable austenitizing temperature, and tempering at 800F (427C) or higher. A hardness indicated by tests made at a location shown in , A, B, or C, is taken as evidence that a composition is capable of meeting other equivalent mechanical properties shown in the tables. Normal good shop practices are assumed, with control of austenitizing and tempering temperatures, and mild agitation of the part in the quenching bath.
1.2.2 Class Rshould be capable of developing the mechanical properties shown in as hot rolled, by cold drawing, or by cold drawing with additional thermal treatment. The locations for obtaining tension tests are described in .
1.3 It is not implied that the compositions listed in the tables are the only ones satisfactory for a certain class and mechanical property requirement. Steels with lower alloy contents are often satisfactory through the use of special processing techniques.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pund units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation:A400–69 (Reapproved 2006)
Standard Practice for
Steel Bars, Selection Guide, Composition, and Mechanical
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Properties
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A400; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
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1.1 This practice covers the selection of steel bars according 2.1 ASTM Standards:
to section and to the mechanical properties desired in the part A108 Specification for Steel Bar, Carbon and Alloy, Cold-
to be produced. This is not a specification for the procurement Finished
of steel. Applicable procurement specifications are listed in A304 Specification for Carbon andAlloy Steel Bars Subject
Section 5. to End-Quench Hardenability Requirements
1.2 Several steel compositions intended for various sections A311/A311M Specification for Cold-Drawn, Stress-
and mechanical property requirements are presented in Tables Relieved Carbon Steel Bars Subject to Mechanical Prop-
1-6. The criteria for placing a steel composition in one of the erty Requirements
three general class designations, Classes P, Q, and R (described A322 Specification for Steel Bars, Alloy, Standard Grades
in Section 4) are as follows: A633/A633M Specification for Normalized High-Strength
1.2.1 Classes Pand Q should be capable of developing the Low-Alloy Structural Steel Plates
mechanicalpropertiesshowninTables1-4byliquidquenching A675/A675M Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon, Hot-
from a suitable austenitizing temperature, and tempering at Wrought, Special Quality, Mechanical Properties
800°F (427°C) or higher.Ahardness indicated by tests made at
3. Significance and Use
a location shown in Fig. 1,A, B, or C, is taken as evidence that
3.1 If the desired mechanical properties are as described in
a composition is capable of meeting other equivalent mechani-
cal properties shown in the tables. Normal good shop practices 4.1.1 for material identified as Classes P-1 through P-7, or in
4.1.2 for material identified as Classes Q-1 through Q-7, the
are assumed, with control of austenitizing and tempering
temperatures, and mild agitation of the part in the quenching strength level desired can be based on hardness or the
bath. equivalent tensile or yield strength as shown in Tables 1-4.If
the desired mechanical properties are as set forth in 4.1.3 for
1.2.2 Class R should be capable of developing the me-
chanical properties shown in Tables 5 and 6 as hot rolled, by material identified as Classes R-1 through R-6, the strength
level is based on yield strength as shown in Tables 5 and 6.
cold drawing, or by cold drawing with additional thermal
treatment. The locations for obtaining tension tests are de- 3.2 The user, after determining the mechanical property
requirements of the critical section (that carrying the greatest
scribed in 6.2.
1.3 Itisnotimpliedthatthecompositionslistedinthetables stress) of the part, should select the composition or composi-
tions from Tables 1-6 that fulfills these requirements and is
aretheonlyonessatisfactoryforacertainclassandmechanical
property requirement. Steels with lower alloy contents are most suitable for processing.
often satisfactory through the use of special processing tech-
4. Classification
niques.
4.1 Steel bar compositions under this practice are classified
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
according to mechanical property requirements and the critical
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
section size of the part to be produced, as follows:
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
4.1.1 Classes P-1 through P-7 comprise bars for parts to
and are not considered standard.
operate under severe service conditions requiring high yield
strength (90 000 psi (621 MPa) and over), good ductility, and
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This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
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A01.15 on Bars. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved March 1, 2006. Published April 2006. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1956. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as A400 – 69 (2000). Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
DOI: 10.1520/A0400-69R06. the ASTM website.
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