ASTM D5463-03
(Guide)Standard Guide for Use of Test Kits to Measure Inorganic Constituents in Water
Standard Guide for Use of Test Kits to Measure Inorganic Constituents in Water
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Inorganic constituents in water and wastewater must be identified and measured to support effective water quality monitoring and control programs. Currently, one of the simplest, most practical and cost effective means of accomplishing this is through the use of chemical test kits and refills. A more detailed discussion is presented in ASTM STP 1102.8
Test kits have been accepted for many applications, including routine monitoring, compliance reporting, rapid screening, trouble investigation, and tracking contaminant source.
Test kits offer time-saving advantages to the user. They are particularly appropriate for field use and usually are easy to use. Users do not need to have a high level of technical expertise. Relatively unskilled staff can be trained to make accurate determinations using kits that include a premixed liquid reagent, premeasured reagent (tablets, powders, or glass ampoules), and premeasured sample (evacuated glass ampoules).
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers general considerations for the use of test kits for quantitative determination of analytes in water and wastewater. Test kits are available from various manufacturers for the determination of a wide variety of analytes in drinking water, surface or ground waters, domestic and industrial feedwaters and wastes, and water used in power generation and steam raising. See Table 1 for a listing of some of the types of kits that are available for various inorganic analytes in water.
1.2 Ranges, detection limits, sensitivity, accuracy, and susceptibility to interferences vary from kit to kit, depending on the methodology selected by the manufacturer. In some cases, kits are designed to replicate exactly an official test method of a standard-setting organization such as the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC), American Public Health Association (APHA), ASTM, or the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). In other cases, minor modifications of official test methods are made for various reasons, such as to improve performance, operator convenience, or ease of use. Adjustments may be made to sample size, reagent volumes and concentrations, timing, and details of the analytical finish. In yet other cases, major changes may be made to the official test method, such as the omission of analytical steps, change of the analytical finish, omission of reagents, or substitution of one reagent for another. Reagents in test kits are often combined to obtain a fewer number and make the test easier to use. Additives may also be used to minimize interferences and to make the reagent more stable with time. A kit test method may be based on a completely different technology, not approved by any official or standard-setting organization. Combinations of test kits—multi-parameter test kits—may be packaged to satisfy the requirements of a particular application conveniently. The test kits in such combination products may be used to make dozens of determinations of several parameters.
1.3 Test kit reagent refills are commonly available from manufacturers. Refills permit cost savings through reuse of the major test kit components.
1.4 Because of the wide differences among kits and methodologies for different analytes, universal instructions cannot be provided. Instead, the user should follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer of a particular kit.
1.5 A test kit or kit component should not be used after the manufacturer's expiration date; it is the user's responsibility to determine that the performance is satisfactory.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see Section 10.
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Designation:D 5463–03
Standard Guide for
Use of Test Kits to Measure Inorganic Constituents in
1
Water
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5463; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 1.3 Test kit reagent refills are commonly available from
manufacturers. Refills permit cost savings through reuse of the
1.1 This guide covers general considerations for the use of
major test kit components.
test kits for quantitative determination of analytes in water and
1.4 Because of the wide differences among kits and meth-
wastewater. Test kits are available from various manufacturers
odologies for different analytes, universal instructions cannot
for the determination of a wide variety of analytes in drinking
be provided. Instead, the user should follow the instructions
water, surface or ground waters, domestic and industrial
provided by the manufacturer of a particular kit.
feedwatersandwastes,andwaterusedinpowergenerationand
1.5 A test kit or kit component should not be used after the
steam raising. See Table 1 for a listing of some of the types of
2
manufacturer’s expiration date; it is the user’s responsibility to
kits that are available for various inorganic analytes in water.
determine that the performance is satisfactory.
1.2 Ranges, detection limits, sensitivity, accuracy, and sus-
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
ceptibility to interferences vary from kit to kit, depending on
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
the methodology selected by the manufacturer. In some cases,
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
kits are designed to replicate exactly an official test method of
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
a standard-setting organization such as the Association of
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific
OfficialAnalytical Chemists (AOAC),American Public Health
precautionary statements, see Section 10.
Association (APHA), ASTM, or the U.S. Environmental Pro-
tection Agency (USEPA). In other cases, minor modifications
2. Referenced Documents
of official test methods are made for various reasons, such as to
2.1 ASTM Standards:
improve performance, operator convenience, or ease of use.
3
D 1129 Terminology Relating to Water
Adjustments may be made to sample size, reagent volumes and
D 1192 Guide for Equipment for Sampling Water and
concentrations, timing, and details of the analytical finish. In
3
Steam in Closed Conduits
yet other cases, major changes may be made to the official test
3
D 1193 Specification for Reagent Water
method, such as the omission of analytical steps, change of the
D 3370 Practices for Sampling Water from Closed Con-
analytical finish, omission of reagents, or substitution of one
3
duits
reagent for another. Reagents in test kits are often combined to
3
D 4453 Practice for Handling of Ultra-PureWater Samples
obtain a fewer number and make the test easier to use.
D 4691 Practice for Measuring Elements inWater by Flame
Additives may also be used to minimize interferences and to
3
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry
make the reagent more stable with time.Akit test method may
3
D 5810 Guide for Spiking into Aqueous Samples
bebasedonacompletelydifferenttechnology,notapprovedby
D 5847 Practice for Writing Quality Control Specifications
any official or standard-setting organization. Combinations of
4
for Standard Test Methods for Water Analysis
test kits—multi-parameter test kits—may be packaged to
5
E 178 Practice for Dealing with Outlying Observations
satisfy the requirements of a particular application conve-
E 275 Practice for Describing and Measuring Performance
niently.Thetestkitsinsuchcombinationproductsmaybeused
of Ultraviolet, Visible, and Near Infrared Spectrophotom-
to make dozens of determinations of several parameters.
6
eters
E 958 Practice for Measuring Practical Spectral Bandwidth
6
1
of Ultraviolet-Visible Spectrophotometers
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water and is
the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.05 on Inorganic Constituents in
Water.
Current edition approved June 10, 2003. Published July 2003. Originally
3
approved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 1998 as D 5463–98. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.01.
2 4
Test kits for determining inorganic analytes in water are available from various Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.02.
5
United States and foreign manufacturers, as well as from laboratory supply Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
6
companies. Annual
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