ASTM D6337-98(2003)e1
(Practice)Standard Practice for Physical Characterization of Woven Paint Applicator Fabrics
Standard Practice for Physical Characterization of Woven Paint Applicator Fabrics
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
It is important to recognize that all woven paint applicator fabrics are pile fabrics and can be a combination of several different yarns, in a range of densities, chemical compositions, and pile heights, which may influence painting performance.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the dimensions, terminology, and characteristics generally considered of importance to those dealing with woven paint applicator fabrics and describes methods for determining these parameters. This practice is not meant to be a definitive analytical method to deformulate woven fabrics.
1.2 The values stated in inch/pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The SI values given in parenthesis are provided for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
e1
Designation:D6337–98(Reapproved2003)
Standard Practice for
Physical Characterization of Woven Paint Applicator
Fabrics
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6337; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
e NOTE—Equation 2 was editorially corrected in July 2003.
1. Scope 3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 backcoating—a resin coating that is usually applied to
1.1 This practice covers the dimensions, terminology, and
the back of a fabric and heat cured to enhance its stability.
characteristics generally considered of importance to those
3.2.2 backing—a set of warp yarns or ends of defined
dealing with woven paint applicator fabrics and describes
composition that help create the base of a fabric that runs the
methods for determining these parameters. This practice is not
length of the fabric (see Fig. 1).
meant to be a definitive analytical method to deformulate
3.2.3 case of fabric—a box of cloth, ready for shipping,
woven fabrics.
usually consisting of slit reels.
1.2 The values stated in inch/pound units are to be regarded
3.2.4 dyelot—a specific quantity that is processed together
asthestandard.TheSIvaluesgiveninparenthesisareprovided
and can be comparatively ranked within or among other
for information only.
dyelots.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.2.5 end—one warp yarn (see Fig. 1).
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.2.6 fiber—an individual strand or filament of finite or
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
continuous length that may be of a natural or synthetic origin.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.2.7 filling—an individual yarn of defined composition that
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
interlaces with warp ends at right angles in a woven fabric to
2. Referenced Documents
help form the base of a pile fabric (see Fig. 1).
3.2.8 laboratory sample—a sample from each case of fabric
2.1 ASTM Standards:
for acceptance testing.
D 123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
3.2.9 lot sample—a sample for acceptance testing consist-
D 1776 Practice for Conditioning Textiles for Testing
ing of a random number of dyelots as directed in agreement
D 1777 Test Method for Measuring Thickness of Textile
between purchaser and supplier.
Materials
3.2.10 pick—one filling yarn (see Fig. 1).
D 3774 Test Method for Width of Textile Fabric
3.2.11 pick glass—an instrument with a magnifying lens
D 3775 Test Method for Fabric Count of Woven Fabric
and a set viewing field of one square inch used to identify
D 3776 Test Methods for Mass Per Unit Area (Weight) of
construction (see Fig. 2).
Fabric
3.2.12 pile—an additional set of warp yarns or ends of
3. Terminology
defined composition that are introduced into a pile fabric to
make cut or uncut loops on the surface that are approximately
3.1 Definitions:
perpendicular to the plane of the backing and filling (see Fig.
3.1.1 Several terms in this practice are defined in accor-
1).
dance with Terminology D 123.
3.2.13 pile fabric—a three-dimensional cloth with interlac-
ing at right angles of three systems of yarn as warp, fill, and
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and
pile.
Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
3.2.13.1 Discussion—Pile fabrics have a fur-like face that
Subcommittee D01.61 on Paint Application Tools.
Current edition approved July 10, 2003. Published July 2003. Originally
can consist of cut or uncut loops.
approved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 1998 as D 6337 – 98.
3.2.14 pile fabric composition—the total make-up of the
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 07.01.
3 fabric, being either natural or synthetic, or a combination.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 07.02.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
e1
D6337–98 (2003)
FIG. 4 Weave Constructions
FIG. 1 Components of Typical Pile Fabric 3.2.24.1 W-weave—a weave construction where at least 3
picks are needed to form a tuft with the resulting tuft
resembling the letter “W” (see Fig. 4 (a)).
3.2.24.2 V-weave—a weave construction where only one
pick is needed to form a tuft. The resulting tuft resembles the
letter “V” (see Fig. 4)(b).
3.2.25 woven fabric—a cloth with interlacing at right angles
of two systems of yarn known as warp and fill.
3.2.26 yarn—the coherent arrangement of fibers of varying
FIG. 2 Pick Glass
or similar length, whose relative positions are maintained by a
definite lateral twist to produce strength.
3.2.15 pile height micrometer—a thickness testing instru-
ment, referenced in Test Method D 1777.
4. Significance and Use
3.2.15.1 Discussion—It consists of 4 in. (102 mm) diameter
4.1 It is important to recognize that all woven paint appli-
presser foot controlled by a lever, a gage with readings to the
cator fabrics are pile fabrics and can be a combination of
nearest 0.001 in. (0.025 mm) and a horseshoe-shaped handle
several different yarns, in a range of densities, chemical
that will measure 6 in. (152.4 mm) into the body of the fabric
compositions, and pile heights, which may influence painting
(see Fig. 3).
performance.
3.2.16 pile tuft density—the quantity of pile per unit area as
stated in pile tufts per square inch.
5. Apparatus
3.2.17 reel—a specified length of slit goods rolled together
as one unit. 5.1 Pile-Height Micrometer
3.2.18 shearable pile—the pile tufts above the backing that 5.2 Graduated Linear Scale, that measures to ⁄32 in. incre-
can be removed with shear clippers. ments (1 mm).
3.2.19 slitting—a means of cutting the full width of fabric 5.3 Pick Glass.
into longitudinal strips. 5.4 Balance, capable of weighing to 0.001 oz (0.10 g).
3.2.20 slit width—the width dimension of a fabric strip after
slitting. 6. Determination of Physical Characteristics
3.2.21 test specimen—a specimen cut from a reel of fabric.
6.1 Total Fabric Height—Determine the total fabric height
3.2.21.1 Discussion—Each specimen shall be 6 in. (152.4
by measuring the material thickness using a pile height
mm) in length, with one side of each specimen parallel to the
micrometer (see Test Method D 1777). Report the dimensions
warp ends.
to the nearest 0.001 in. (0.02 mm).
3.2.22 total fabric density—fabric weight in ounces per
6.2 Slit Width—Determine the width by measuring the back
square yard of finished fabric.
oftheclothfromwarpendtowarpendusingacalibratedscale.
3.2.23 tuft—the entire loop that forms the face of the fabric
Report dimensions to the nearest ⁄32 in. (0.78 mm), with
and is attached to the backing fabric at a binding site (see Fig. 1
tolerances of 6 ⁄32 in. (61 mm).
1).
6.3 Picks per Inch—Determine picks per inch by counting
3.2.24 weave construction—one repeat of a pattern, includ-
individual filling yarns through a pick glass. Report to the
ing per inch, ends per inch, and the way the pile weaves into
nearest whole number with a tolerance of 6 one pick.
the base of the cloth, for example, W-weave, V-weave.
6.4 Total Fabric Density—Determine the ounces per square
yard using the balance (see Test Methods D 3776). Report
2 2
fabric density to the nearest 0.001 oz/yd (0.10 g/m ).
The sole source of supply of the pile height micrometer known to the
committee at this time is the Andrews Equipment Co., 4619 Torresdale Ave.,
Philadelphia,PA19124.Ifyouareawareofalternativesuppliers,pleaseprovidethis
information to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive
careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee, which
FIG. 3 Pile Height Micrometer you may attend.
e1
D6337–98 (2003)
6.5 Pile Tuft Density—Theweaveconstruction(W-weaveor 9.2.2 Measure the width of the fabric, which will be the
V-weave) must be known to determine the pile density. Report distance from the outer edge of the outer warp end on one side
pile tuft density in tufts per square inch. to the outer edge of the outer warp end on the other side,
6.6 Shearable Pile Density—Determine the amount of pile measured perpendicular to the warp ends. Measurements
that is above the backing. Report amount to the nearest 0.001 should be taken at two points separated by at least 3 in. (76
oz. (0.10 g). mm) along the length of the fabric. Do not take measurements
6.7 Pile Tuft Height—Determine the pile tuft height by closer than 1 in. (25 mm) to the cut ends of the specimen.
measuring the length of the tuft using a graduated linear scale.
9.2.3 Repeat the measurements on all specimens and report
Report the length to the nearest ⁄32 in. (1 mm).
the average measurement, the maximum measurement, and the
minimum measurement for all samples.
7. Sampling
9.3 Picks per Inch Measurement (see Test Me
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.