ASTM D2098-00

Standard Test Method for Dynamic Water Resistance of Shoe Upper Leather by the Dow Corning Leather Tester

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the dynamic water resistance of shoe upper leather by means of the Dow Corning Tester. It has been revised to show the state of the art in the equipment used in testing. It is applicable to all types of shoe upper leather. This test method does not apply to wet blue.  
1.2 Initial water penetration and water absorption can be measured.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Sep-2000
• ICS: 59.140.30 - Leather and furs
• Technical Committee: D31 - Leather
• Drafting Committee: D31.03 - Footwear

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM D2098-04 - Standard Test Method for Dynamic Water Resistance of Shoe Upper Leather by the Dow Corning Leather Tester
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2004
• Referred By: ASTM F1900-98(2017) - Standard Test Method for Water Resistance of Footwear Using a Walking Step Simulator
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2000
• Referred By: ASTM D2099-14(2023) - Standard Test Method for Dynamic Water Resistance of Shoe Upper Leather by the Maeser Water Penetration Tester
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2000

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D 2098 – 00
Standard Test Method for
Dynamic Water Resistance of Shoe Upper Leather by the
Dow Corning Leather Tester
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2098; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope 4.2 Dow Corning Leather Tester, as shown in Fig. 1, or its
equivalent. The essential features of the machine are as
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the dy-
follows:
namic water resistance of shoe upper leather by means of the
4.2.1 A specimen holder made of two vertical clamps. Each
Dow Corning Tester. It has been revised to show the state of the
clamp shall have two stainless steel arms (7.5 by 0.5 by 0.5 in.
art in the equipment used in testing. It is applicable to all types
(190.5 by 12.7 by 12.7 mm)), one arm fixed, the other
of shoe upper leather. This test method does not apply to wet
moveable. One clamp shall be mounted on a horizontal
blue.
reciprocating shaft, that is, attached by a connecting link to a
1.2 Initial water penetration and water absorption can be
motor driven eccentric, which turns at 60 r/min. The bottom of
measured.
the clamps shall be in the same horizontal plane. In one
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
rotation of the eccentric, the minimum distance between
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
clamps shall be 1.50 6 0.01 in. (38.16 0.25 mm) (inside
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
measurement) and the maximum distance between clamps 2.50
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
6 0.01 in. (63.5 6 0.25 mm) (inside measurement).
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.2.2 Water Tank made of stainless steel or other noncorro-
2. Referenced Documents sive material. It shall be of such a size that it can be placed
around the clamps, and of such a depth that when in position
2.1 ASTM Standards:
for use, the top of the pan is at least 2.5 in. (63.5 mm) above
D 2099 Test Method for Dynamic Water Resistance of Shoe
the bottom of the clamps, and the bottom of the pan is at least
Upper Leather by the Maeser Water Penetration Tester
0.5 in. (12.7 mm) below the bottom of the clamps.
3. Significance and Use
4.2.3 Two systems shall be used to record the number of
cycles through which the specimen is flexed. One shall be a
3.1 This test method is intended to estimate the water
mechanical reset counter connected to the movable clamp. The
resistance of shoe upper leather. The flex imparted to the
other system shall be electrical (see Fig. 2). The resistance
leather is a magnification of the flex given the vamp of the shoe
across the electrodes shall be 7500 6 500 ohms. The sensing
in actual wear.
electrode shown is inside a leather specimen filled with
NOTE 1—There is an indication that this test method cannot be used
stainless-steel balls. The common electrode is in a salt solution
interchangeably for specification purposes with Test Method D 2099.
which is in continuous contact with the specimen during
flexing. Switch S when manually closed starts an electrical
4. Apparatus
impulse counter actuated by a micro switch, EC, which makes
4.1 Balance, sensitive to 0.01 g.
1 3
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D31 on Leather The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D31.03 on Footwear. This test is Koehler Instrument Co., 1595 Sycamore Ave., Bohemia, NY 11716. Telephone:
method was developed in cooperation with the American Leather Chemists Assn. [phone]. Fax: [phone]. If you are aware of alternative suppliers,
Current edition approved Sept. 10, 2000. Published October 2000. Originally please provide this information to ASTM Headquarters. Your comments will receive
{1
published as D 2098–62T. Last previous edition D 2098–91(1997) . careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee, which
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.04. you may attend.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D2098–00
FIG. 1 Dow Corning Leather Tester
FIG. 2 Electrical Diagram for Dow Corning Leather Tester
contact once on each flex. This records the total number of the specimen to the common electrode in the conducting
flexes until initial water penetration. Initial water penetration is solution. This causes the induction relay to operate, stopping
detected by a current leakage from the high electrode through the counter. (Warning—It is essential that the electrical circuit
D2098–00
be converted to 110 volts, not to exceed 28 volts across the 8.1.6 Position the second gasket, folded as before, in the
electrode. Specimen should be put in position or removed only specimen, so that it lies between the jaws of the front clamp.
when the electrode circuit is not energized.) Grasp the clamp with the left hand and tighten the wing nut
with the right hand.
5. Reagents and Materials 8.1.7 Move the drive-link assembly forward and with the
forefinger form a horizontal fold perpendicular to the path of
5.1 Magnetic Balls, stainless steel, diameter ⁄8 in. (3 mm
the flex. Place the pin on the under side of drive-link handle in
optional) 400 series. The steel balls must be clean and free of
the front hole of the drive-link bearing.
grease, oil, silicone, or rust and have a resistance less than 7500
8.1.8 Place approximately 100 6 5 g of stainless steel balls
ohms before using.
into th
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