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ASTM B808-05

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Monitoring of Atmospheric Corrosion Chambers by Quartz Crystal Microbalances

Standard Test Method for Monitoring of Atmospheric Corrosion Chambers by Quartz Crystal Microbalances

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Corrosion film growth with thicknesses varying from a monolayer of atoms up to 1 μm can readily be measured on a continuous, real-time, in-situ, basis with QCMs.
The test results obtained for this test method are influenced by various factors, including geometrical effects, temperature, humidity, film thickness, film materials, electrode conditions, gases in the corrosion chamber, atmospheric pressure, and so forth. Calibration of coated crystals and instrumentation and reproducible crystal operating conditions are necessary for consistent results.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method monitors the reactivity of a gaseous test environment in which metal surfaces (for example, electrical contacts, assembled printed wiring boards, and so forth) and other materials subject to pollutant gas attack undergo accelerated atmospheric corrosion testing. This test method is applicable to adherent corrosion films whose total corrosion film thickness ranges from a few atomic monolayers to approximately a micrometre.
1.2 The test method provides a dynamic, continuous, in-situ, procedure for monitoring the corrosion rate in corrosion chambers; the uniformity of corrosion chambers; and the corrosion rate on different surfaces. Response time in the order of seconds is possible.
1.3 With the proper samples, the quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) test method can also be used to monitor the weight loss from a surface as a result of the desorption of surface species (that is, reduction of an oxide in a reducing atmosphere). (Alternative names for QCM are quartz crystal oscillator, piezoelectric crystal oscillator, or thin-film evaporation monitor.)
1.4 This test method is not sufficient to specify the corrosion process that may be occurring in a chamber, since a variety of pollutant gases and environments may cause similar weight gains.
1.5 This test method is generally not applicable to test environments in which solid or liquid particles are deposited on the surface of the quartz crystal.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to become familiar with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate Material Safety Data Sheet for this product/material as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety and health practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Apr-2005
ICS
77.060 - Corrosion of metals
Technical Committee
B02 - Nonferrous Metals and Alloys
Drafting Committee
B02.11 - Electrical Contact Test Methods
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM B808-97(2003) - Standard Test Method for Monitoring of Atmospheric Corrosion Chambers by Quartz Crystal Microbalances
Effective Date
01-May-2005
Replaced By
ASTM B808-10 - Standard Test Method for Monitoring of Atmospheric Corrosion Chambers by Quartz Crystal Microbalances
Effective Date
01-Oct-2010
Referred By
ASTM B825-19 - Standard Test Method for Coulometric Reduction of Surface Films on Metallic Test Samples
Effective Date
01-May-2005
Referred By
ASTM B845-97(2018) - Standard Guide for Mixed Flowing Gas (MFG) Tests for Electrical Contacts
Effective Date
01-May-2005
Referred By
ASTM B827-05(2020) - Standard Practice for Conducting Mixed Flowing Gas (MFG) Environmental Tests
Effective Date
01-May-2005
Referred By
ASTM B826-09(2020) - Standard Test Method for Monitoring Atmospheric Corrosion Tests by Electrical Resistance Probes
Effective Date
01-May-2005

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ASTM B808-05 - Standard Test Method for Monitoring of Atmospheric Corrosion Chambers by Quartz Crystal MicrobalancesASTM B808-05 - Standard Test Method for Monitoring of Atmospheric Corrosion Chambers by Quartz Crystal Microbalances
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ASTM B808-05 - Standard Test Method for Monitoring of Atmospheric Corrosion Chambers by Quartz Crystal Microbalances
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:B808–05
Standard Test Method for
Monitoring of Atmospheric Corrosion Chambers by Quartz
1
Crystal Microbalances
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B808; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.
1.1 This test method monitors the reactivity of a gaseous
test environment in which metal surfaces (for example, elec-
2. Referenced Documents
trical contacts, assembled printed wiring boards, and so forth)
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
and other materials subject to pollutant gas attack undergo
B810 Test Method for Calibration of Atmospheric Corro-
accelerated atmospheric corrosion testing. This test method is
sion Test Chambers by Change in Mass of Copper Cou-
applicable to adherent corrosion films whose total corrosion
pons
film thickness ranges from a few atomic monolayers to
approximately a micrometre.
3. Summary of Test Method
1.2 The test method provides a dynamic, continuous, in-
3.1 A single crystal of quartz has various natural resonant
situ, procedure for monitoring the corrosion rate in corrosion
frequencies depending on the crystal’s size and shape. The
chambers; the uniformity of corrosion chambers; and the
decrease in natural frequency is linearly proportional to the
corrosion rate on different surfaces. Response time in the order
crystal mass and the mass of well-bonded surface films. For
of seconds is possible.
crystals with reactive metal films on the surface (usually
1.3 With the proper samples, the quartz crystal microbal-
driving electrodes), the mass of the crystal/metal film increases
ance (QCM) test method can also be used to monitor the
as the metal oxidizes or forms other compounds with gases
weight loss from a surface as a result of the desorption of
3,4
adsorbed from the atmosphere. Thus, by measuring the rate
surface species (that is, reduction of an oxide in a reducing
of resonant frequency change, a rate of corrosion is measured.
atmosphere). (Alternative names for QCM are quartz crystal
Non-adherent corrosion films, particles, and droplets yield
oscillator, piezoelectric crystal oscillator, or thin-film evapora-
ambiguousresults.Areviewoftheoryandapplicationsisgiven
tion monitor.)
5
in Lu and Czanderna. See Appendix X1 for discussion of the
1.4 Thistestmethodisnotsufficienttospecifythecorrosion
quantitative relationship between frequency change and mass
process that may be occurring in a chamber, since a variety of
change.
pollutant gases and environments may cause similar weight
3.2 The chamber environmental uniformity and corrosion
gains.
rate can be measured by placing matching quartz crystals with
1.5 This test method is generally not applicable to test
matching reactive metal films at various locations in the
environmentsinwhichsolidorliquidparticlesaredepositedon
chamber. If the chamber and corrosion rate have been stan-
the surface of the quartz crystal.
dardized, the corrosion rate on various surface materials that
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
have been deposited on the quartz crystal can be determined.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to become familiar
4. Significance and Use
with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate
4.1 Corrosion film growth with thicknesses varying from a
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for this product/material
monolayer of atoms up to 1 µm can readily be measured on a
as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate
continuous, real-time, in-situ, basis with QCMs.
safety and health practices, and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B02 on the ASTM website.
3
Nonferrous Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee King, W. H. Jr., Analytical Chemistry, Vol 36, 1964, p. 173.
4
B02.11 on Electrical Contact Test Methods. Karmarkar, K. H. and Guilbaut, G. G., Analytical Chemistry Acta, Vol 75,
Current edition approved May 1, 2005. Published June 2005. Originally 1975, p. 111.
5
approved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as B808 – 97 (2003). Lu, C. and Czanderna, A. W. Eds., Applications of Piezoelectric Quartz
DOI: 10.1520/B0
...

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4.1 Electrical devices that contain electrical contacts generally contain some copper-based materials. Atmospheric corrosion of copper parts in such devices often occurs in service environments. A quantitative measure of the effect of a laboratory corrosion test on copper permits assessment of the severity of the test. In addition, corrosion tests may be defined in terms of their effect on copper; this test method provides a way of comparing one test against a standard defined elsewhere, or allows a comparison of the performance of a test over a period of time. Although this test method provides for a relatively simple check of a test, the user is advised that additional analysis of the test chamber ambient is generally required to reproduce test conditions.  
4.2 Atmospheric corrosion tests are used on a variety of materials besides copper. Care should be exercised in drawing conclusions about the effects on such materials of apparently equivalent tests if the composition of gases or experimental conditions are different. The primary use of this calibration test method is to assure correlation among nominally identical tests.
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1.1 This test method covers the calibration of atmospheric corrosion test chambers for electrical contacts that produce an adherent film of corrosion product on copper, such as a test comprised of a mixture of flowing gases that react with copper.  
1.2 This test method is not applicable to tests where corrosion products may be removed from a copper surface during the test by fluids.  
1.3 This test method is not applicable to tests where airborne solid or liquid material may be deposited on a copper surface during the test, as in a test which includes particulates suspended in the atmosphere.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
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Standard Test Method for Monitoring of Atmospheric Corrosion Chambers by Quartz Crystal Microbalances

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Corrosion film growth with thicknesses varying from a monolayer of atoms up to 1 μm can readily be measured on a continuous, real-time, in-situ, basis with QCMs.  
4.2 The test results obtained for this test method are influenced by various factors, including geometrical effects, temperature, humidity, film thickness, film materials, electrode conditions, gases in the corrosion chamber, atmospheric pressure, and so forth. Calibration of coated crystals and instrumentation and reproducible crystal operating conditions are necessary for consistent results.
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1.1 This test method monitors the reactivity of a gaseous test environment in which metal surfaces (for example, electrical contacts, assembled printed wiring boards, and so forth) and other materials subject to pollutant gas attack undergo accelerated atmospheric corrosion testing. This test method is applicable to the growth of adherent corrosion films whose total corrosion film thickness ranges from a few atomic monolayers to approximately a micrometre.  
1.2 The test method provides a dynamic, continuous, in-situ, procedure for monitoring the corrosion rate in corrosion chambers; the uniformity of corrosion chambers; and the corrosion rate on different surfaces. Response time in the order of seconds is possible.  
1.3 With the proper samples, the quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) test method can also be used to monitor the weight loss from a surface as a result of the desorption of surface species (that is, reduction of an oxide in a reducing atmosphere). (Alternative names for QCM are quartz crystal oscillator, piezoelectric crystal oscillator, or thin-film evaporation monitor.)  
1.4 This test method is not sufficient to specify the corrosion process that may be occurring in a chamber, since a variety of pollutant gases and environments may cause similar weight gains.  
1.5 This test method is generally not applicable to test environments in which solid or liquid particles are deposited on the surface of the quartz crystal.  
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to become familiar with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for this product/material as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Corrosivity monitoring of test environments provides a means to monitor an integrated value of test corrosivity which cannot be evaluated from test parameters themselves, such as temperature, humidity, and gas concentration. As such the monitor value can be used for specification purposes such as test validation. Electrical resistance monitoring of conductors exposed to corrosive media is a well-established practice.3,4,5,6  
4.2 The resistance method assumes uniform corrosion over the entire surface of the exposed metal conductor segment. Local corrosion such as pitting, crevice, or grain boundary corrosion may provide invalid estimates of test corrosivity. Marked changes in slope of the curve of electrical resistance ratio versus time may indicate undesired processes which can be due to deficiencies in the test atmosphere or in the monitor itself.  
4.3 Because of limitations of the diffusion process within the corrosion product formed on the metal conductor segment of the RM probe when passivating corrosion films are formed, resistance monitoring may not be useful for test chamber monitoring purposes for very long test exposures. Chamber monitoring is dependent on detecting changes in the rate of corrosion of the RM as an indicator signal that specified gas concentrations must be reverified. However, low corrosion rates limit the absolute value of the rate of change of corrosion rate with change of test conditions; for parabolic film growth processes, the growth rate decreases with time limiting the sensitivity of the RM at extended test times.  
4.4 Since corrosion rate can be a complex function of test parameters in MFG tests with any given metal primarily responsive to a subset of the gases in the MFG environment, more than one type metal resistance probe is required in order to assist in maintenance of relative gas concentrations. For such test specifications, values of resistance ratios must be referred to ratios obtained under known test conditions a...
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1.1 This test method provides a means for monitoring corrosivity of environmental tests that involve exposure to corrosive gases.  
1.2 This test method uses a resistance monitor (RM) probe fabricated from a chosen metal conductor, with one conductor segment uncovered to permit exposure of the chosen metal conductor to the corrosive gas mixture and the second conductor segment covered to protect the metal conductor of this segment from direct attack by the corrosive gas mixture. The covered conductor segment provides a reference for evaluating changes in the uncovered segment. The ratio of the resistance of the exposed segment to that of the covered segment provides a measure of the amount of metal conductor that has reacted with the corrosive gas test environment to form poorly conducting corrosion product, thus providing a measure of test corrosivity.  
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4.1 Axially loaded tension specimens provide one of the most versatile methods of performing a stress-corrosion test because of the flexibility permitted in the choice of type and size of test specimen, stressing procedures, and range of stress levels.  
4.2 The uniaxial stress system is simple; hence, this test method is often used for studies of stress-corrosion mechanisms. This type of test is amenable to the simultaneous exposure of unstressed specimens (no applied load) with stressed specimens and subsequent tension testing to distinguish between the effects of true stress corrosion and mechanical overload (2). Additional considerations in regard to the significance of the test results and their interpretation are given in Sections 6 and 10.  
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4.1 Polythionic acids are chemically described as H2SxO6, where x is usually 3, 4, or 5 (1)3 though can be more than 50 (2). These acid environments provide a way of evaluating the resistance of stainless steels and related alloys to intergranular stress corrosion cracking. Failure is accelerated by the presence of increasing amounts of intergranular precipitate. Results for the polythionic acid test have not been correlated exactly with those of intergranular corrosion tests (Test Methods G28). Also, this test may not be relevant to stress corrosion cracking in chlorides or caustic environments.  
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1.1 This practice covers procedures for preparing and conducting the polythionic acid test at room temperature, 22 °C to 25 °C (72 °F to 77 °F), to determine the relative susceptibility of stainless steels or other related materials (nickel-chromium-iron alloys) to intergranular stress corrosion cracking.  
1.2 This practice can be used to evaluate stainless steels or other materials in the “as received” condition or after being subjected to high-temperature service, 482 °C to 815 °C (900 °F to 1500 °F), for prolonged periods of time.  
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Standard Test Method for Measuring Friction and Adhesive Wear Properties of Lubricated and Nonlubricated Materials Using the Twist Compression Test (TCT)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is designed to rank material couples, surface treatments, and lubricants by CFT and in their resistance to adhesive wear. Since adhesive wear is a complex phenomenon and stochastic in nature, it is essential to evaluate surfaces to confirm the presence of adhesion.  
5.2 This test method should be considered when evaluating the impact of changes in a process or application that is prone to adhesive wear, including any combination of scoring, galling, and plowing. These modes of failure commonly occur under sliding contact, at high contact stress, and, when applicable, at lubricant starvation.  
5.3 The TCT is often used to evaluate the ability of material couples, surface treatments, coatings, and lubricants to prevent or reduce adhesive wear in metalworking operations including deep drawing, extrusion, and pipe bending. Other applications in which the test may be effective are loader bucket bushings, gear teeth at startup, and low-clearance pumps.  
5.4 This test method is best used as a comparative screening tool. The ranking of performance produced by the TCT correlates well with the ranking in many applications.3 However, since the test is a bench test and not directly reproducing any specific application, TCT results should be only used as an indicator of the tendency for adhesive wear to occur. TCT is a useful screening test for comparing the effectiveness of material couples, surface treatments, coatings, and lubricant formulations before process testing and field trials.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers laboratory procedures for determining the coefficient of friction (COF) and resistance of materials to adhesion under flat sliding using the twist compression test (TCT). This test method ranks material couples, surface treatments, coatings, and lubricant combinations by COF and their resistance to adhesion.  
1.2 The time until adhesion for the materials under the test conditions are reported and used to quantify the tribocouple’s adhesion resistance and susceptibility to galling or scuffing. Systems of higher adhesion resistance will give longer time until failure.  
1.3 The coefficient of friction values averaged between the test reaching full test pressure and the time of the onset of adhesion or the end of tests run for a predetermined time period are recorded. Systems are ranked by their average coefficients of friction before adhesion occurs.  
1.4 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard except psi and pounds in Table 1.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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3.1 Moist air containing sulfur dioxide quickly produces easily visible corrosion on many metals in a form resembling that occurring in industrial environments. It is therefore a test medium well suited to detect pores or other sources of weakness in protective coatings and deficiencies in corrosion resistance associated with unsuitable alloy composition or treatments.  
3.2 The results obtained in the test should not be regarded as a general guide to the corrosion resistance of the tested materials in all environments where these materials may be used. Performance of different materials in the test should only be taken as a general guide to the relative corrosion resistance of these materials in moist SO2 service.
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1.1 This practice covers the apparatus and procedure to be used in conducting qualitative assessment tests in accordance with the requirements of material or product specifications by means of specimen exposure to condensed moisture containing sulfur dioxide.  
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1.3 The variant of the test to be used, the exposure period required, the type of test specimen, and the criteria of failure are not prescribed by this practice. Such details are provided in appropriate material and product purchase specifications.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  For a specific warning statement, see 4.3.  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Nickel/chromium and copper/nickel/chromium electrodeposited coatings are widely used for decorative and protective applications. The Corrodkote test provides a method of controlling the quality of electroplated articles and is suitable for manufacturing control, as well as research and development.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the Corrodkote2 method of evaluating the corrosion performance of copper/nickel/chromium and nickel/chromium coatings electrodeposited on steel, zinc alloys, aluminum alloys, plastics and other substrates.  
Note 1: The following ASTM standards are not requirements. They are reference for information only: Practice B537, Specification B456, Test Method B602, and Specification B604.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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