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ASTM F2821-15(2020)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Methods for Basket Type Rescue Litters

Standard Test Methods for Basket Type Rescue Litters

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 These test methods are intended to provide reproducible data from which acceptance criteria, design data, and specifications can be developed for basket type rescue litters.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods enable the user to determine if a rescue litter meets the requirement for strength depending upon particular applications and methods of use.  
1.2 The test methods described in this standard are designed to test several parameters under “manner of use” conditions.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
31-Mar-2020
ICS
13.200 - Accident and disaster control
Technical Committee
F32 - Search and Rescue
Drafting Committee
F32.01 - Equipment, Testing, and Maintenance
Current Stage
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ASTM F2821-15(2020) - Standard Test Methods for Basket Type Rescue Litters
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Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: F2821 − 15 (Reapproved 2020)
Standard Test Methods for
1
Basket Type Rescue Litters
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2821; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope must be of sufficient size and stiffness to distribute the forces
on the litter shell or frame, thereby allowing the test of the
1.1 These test methods enable the user to determine if a
attachment points
rescue litter meets the requirement for strength depending upon
2.1.5 vertical lift, n—refers to the patient being in a head up
particular applications and methods of use.
and feet down position. In this configuration the litter bridle
1.2 The test methods described in this standard are designed
attaches to the litter at the head end only.
to test several parameters under “manner of use” conditions.
3. Summary of Test Method
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
3.1 Horizontal test method is designed to test the litter
conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for informa-
attachment points and the resistance of the litter to folding or
tion only and are not considered standard.
curling.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.2 Vertical test method is designed to test the structural
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
strength of the head end of the litter or the manufacturer’s
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
designated bridle attachment points or both, and for a two-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
piece litter, to also test the connection between the two sections
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
of the litter.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
3.3 These tests are destructive in nature and will require a
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
new litter for each test.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
4. Significance and Use
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
4.1 These test methods are intended to provide reproducible
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
data from which acceptance criteria, design data, and specifi-
cations can be developed for basket type rescue litters.
2. Terminology
2.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
5. Apparatus
2.1.1 basket type litter, n—a conveyance for the sick or
5.1 General—Use calibrated electronic load measuring de-
injured usually consisting of a tubular metal frame enclosing a
vices. The testing equipment shall have sufficient capacity to
molded plastic or wire shell. Also known as a basket stretcher.
prevent yielding of its components under the anticipated
2.1.2 litter bridle, n—a manufactured or improvised system
ultimate load, and shall have sufficient stiffness to ensure that
that attaches the litter to the raising or lowering system.
the applied tension loads remain parallel to the axis of the
anchors.
2.1.3 horizontal lift, n—refers to the patient being in a
horizontal position with the head and feet at approximately the
5.2 Anchor Plate—Shall be installed in the litter in such a
same level. In this configuration the litter bridle attaches to the
way that the force distributes equally and does not concentrate
litter at four points.
on a single element. The purpose is to test the attachment
points of the litter bridle, the connection points that hold the
2.1.4 anchor plate, n—a device installed inside the litter that
is used to attach the litter to the bed of the test apparatus. It halves of two-piece litter together, and the litter’s ability to
resist folding or bending both longitudinally and laterally. The
anchor plate size must be kept to a minimum so that it does not
1
provide any increased resistance to the litter bending during a
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F32 on
Search and Rescue and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F32.01 on
test. In cases where the litter does not have a frame, the plate
Equipment, Testing, and Maintenance.
shall span any ribs or other structural elements within the shell
Current edition approved April 1, 2020. Published April 2020. Originally
in order that the forces are distributed over a wide enough area
approved in 2010. Last previous edition a
...

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1.6.8 Kind L (Unclassified).  
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4.2 This guide can be used by an authority having jurisdiction to determine whether to accept a certification from a certification body.  
4.3 This guide can be used by an authority having jurisdiction to validate audit a certifying body.  
4.4 This guide can be used by a certifying body to validate that its certification scheme, certification process, and certification system meet industry standards.  
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4.2 Classification of canine search resources is based upon the training of the dog and its handler and their ability to perform specific tasks.  
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4.4 A canine search resource may be more than one category.  
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SCOPE
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4.1 This guide establishes the minimum knowledge, skills, and abilities that a person must have to perform as a Land Search Team Leader. No other skills are included or implied.  
4.2 Every person who is identified as a Land Search Team Leader shall have met the requirements of this guide.  
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4.3.2 The AHJ shall determine the depth or detail of training required to meet these needs.  
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4.4 This guide does not stand alone and must be used with the referenced documents to provide specific information needed by an STL or AHJ.  
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1.2 A Land Search Team Leader searches on the surface of the land only, including urban or disaster areas that may be isolated or have lost supporting infrastructure.  
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1.4 No knots, rope, litter, or other rescue skills are required of a Land Search Team Leader.  
1.5 A Land Search Team Leader can be utilized as a field team leader, a single resource for sign cutting, a support person for a canine search team, and to establish search area boundaries in the field.  
1.6 A Land Search Team Leader is eligible to supervise Type II search teams or crews as defined in Classification F1993. Type II teams which may utilize personnel trained to this standard are:  
1.6.1 Kind A (wilderness);  
1.6.2 Kind B (urban);  
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1.6.5 King K (missing aircraft).  
1.7 Further training may be required before a Land Search Team Leader can participate on a particular kind of search team, depending on the AHJ’s regulations or policies.  
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued b...

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ASTM
ASTM F3070-14(2022)(Guide)
Standard Guide for Evaluating Area Search Dog Crews or Teams

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 An area search dog crew or team is required to have, at a minimum, the knowledge, skills, and abilities outlined within this document.  
4.1.1 An area search dog crew or team which meets the requirements in this guide is a Canine Search Resource of the category Area Search Dog as defined in Classification F1848 for Canine Search Resources.  
4.1.2 Additional differentiation of the specific Canine Search Resource is defined in Classification F1848 for Canine Search Resources.  
4.2 This guide only establishes the minimum knowledge, skills, and abilities required for an area search dog crew or team to perform area searches. No other skills are included or implied.  
4.3 This guide is an outline of the topics required for training or evaluating an area search dog team or crew, and may be used to assist in the development of a training document or program.  
4.4 This guide can be used to evaluate a document to determine if its content includes the topics necessary for training area search dog crews or teams. Likewise, this guide can be used to evaluate an existing training program to see if it meets the requirements in this guide.  
4.5 The knowledge, skills, and abilities presented in this guide are not in any particular order and do not represent a training sequence.  
4.6 Though this guide establishes minimum training requirements, it does not imply that an area search dog team or crew is a “trainee,” “probationary,” or other similarly termed part of an organization.  
4.6.1 The AHJ is responsible for determining the requirements and qualifications for its member ratings.  
4.7 An area search dog crew or team shall document training by completion of a position task book, compliant with Guide F3068, or by field demonstration under qualified supervision. Where proficiency in a skill or ability must be demonstrated, unless stated otherwise it shall be demonstrated for initial qualification, and then as often as required by the AHJ.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide defines the knowledge, skills, and abilities required for a dog crew or team to perform an area search.  
1.2 Area search dog crews or teams perform searches on the surface of the land, including open urban or wilderness areas, as well as mountainous terrain and alpine environments.  
1.2.1 Additional training shall be required for area search dog crews or teams that search in mountainous terrain, alpine environments, or underground.  
1.3 This guide does not include the knowledge, skills, and abilities required to search in partially or fully collapsed structures, confined spaces, or on bodies of water, inland or oceanic.  
1.4 Area search dog crews or teams trained to meet the requirements of this guide may operate in urban and disaster areas that may be isolated or have lost their infrastructure.  
1.5 Area search dog crews or teams must work under qualified supervision deemed appropriate by the AHJ.  
1.6 This guide does not provide a theoretical basis for how an area search dog crew or team functions.  
1.7 Search dog crews or teams are eligible to be members of Type I and II SAR crews or teams of the following Kinds, as defined in Classification F1993:  
1.7.1 Kind A (Wilderness),  
1.7.2 Kind B (Urban),  
1.7.3 Kind C (Mountainous),  
1.7.4 Kind G (Cave),  
1.7.5 Kind H (Mine),  
1.7.6 Kind I (Avalanche),  
1.7.7 Kind K (Aircraft), and  
1.7.8 Kind L (Unclassified).  
1.8 Further training may be required before an area search dog crew or team can fully participate on a particular Type and Kind of team or crew, based on specific local needs, regulations, or policies.  
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.10 This international standard was develop...

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