ASTM D7217-05(2010)e1
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determining Extreme Pressure Properties of Solid Bonded Films Using a High-Frequency, Linear-Oscillation (SRV) Test Machine
Standard Test Method for Determining Extreme Pressure Properties of Solid Bonded Films Using a High-Frequency, Linear-Oscillation (SRV) Test Machine
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This laboratory test method can be used to quickly determine extreme pressure properties of parts coated with solid bonded films at selected temperatures specified for use in unlubricated applications where high-speed vibrational or start-stop motions are present with high Hertzian point contact. This test method has found wide application in qualifying solid bonded films used in automotive door lock mechanisms, hinge joints, bolts, and in aerospace. This test method is a material and application oriented approach for characterizing the tribological behaviour using random, discrete and constant parameter combinations Users of this test method should determine whether results correlate with field performance or other applications.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining extreme pressure properties of solid bonded films under high-frequency linear-oscillation motion using the SRV test machine.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
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Designation:D7217–05 (Reapproved 2010)
Standard Test Method for
Determining Extreme Pressure Properties of Solid Bonded
Films Using a High-Frequency, Linear-Oscillation (SRV) Test
Machine
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7217; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
´ NOTE—Updated Section 7 to include HRC editorially in October 2010.
1. Scope DIN EN ISO 13565-2:1998 Geometrical Product Specifica-
tions (GPS)—Surface Texture: Profile Method; Surfaces
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining
Having Stratified Functional Properties—Part 2: Height
extreme pressure properties of solid bonded films under
Characterization Using Linear Material Ratio Curve [Re-
high-frequency linear-oscillation motion using the SRV test
placement of DIN 4776:1990: Measurement of Surface
machine.
Roughness; Parameters R ,R ,R ,M ,M for the
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as K PK VK r1 r2
Description of the Material Portion]
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
SAEAS5272 Lubricant, Solid Film, Heat Cured, Corrosion
standard.
Inhibiting Procurement Specification
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
AMS 2562B
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3. Terminology
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.1 Definitions:
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.1.1 break-in, n—in tribology, an initial transition process
2. Referenced Documents occurring in newly established wearing contacts, often accom-
panied by transients in coefficient of friction or wear rate, or
2.1 ASTM Standards:
both, which are uncharacteristic of the given tribological
A295/A295M Specification for High-Carbon Anti-Friction
system’s long-term behavior. G40
Bearing Steel
3.1.2 coeffıcient of friction, µ or ƒ, n—in tribology, the
D2510 Test Method for Adhesion of Solid Film Lubricants
dimensionlessratioofthefrictionforce(F)betweentwobodies
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum, Petroleum
to the normal force (N) pressing these bodies together. G40
Products, and Lubricants
3.1.3 Hertzian contact area, n—the apparent area of contact
E45 Test Methods for Determining the Inclusion Content of
between two nonconforming solid bodies pressed against each
Steel
other, as calculated from Hertz’s equations of elastic deforma-
G40 Terminology Relating to Wear and Erosion
tion. G40
2.2 Other Standards:
3.1.4 Hertzian contact pressure, n—the magnitude of the
DIN EN ISO 683-17 Heat-treated Steels, Alloy Steels and
pressure at any specified location in a Hertzian contact area, as
Free-Cutting Steels—Part 17: Ball and Roller Bearing
calculated from Hertz’s equations of elastic deformation.
Steels
G40
3.1.5 lubricant, n—any material interposed between two
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
surfaces that reduces the friction or wear, or both between
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
them. D4175
D02.L0.05 on Solid Lubricants.
3.1.6 solid bonded film (sbf), n—consistsofphysicallydried
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2010. Published December 2010. Originally
approved in 2005. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D7217–05. DOI:
orchemicallyhardened(cured)bondedsolidfilmsaswellasof
10.1520/D7217-10.
inorganic matrices containing embedded organic or inorganic,
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 Commonwealth
Available from Beuth Verlag GmbH, Burggrafenstrasse 6, D-10787 Berlin, Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001.
Germany. Aerospace Material Specifications.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D7217–05 (2010)
or both, solid lubricants with or without lattice layers or soft
metals or combinations of these. Synonyms—solid film lubri-
cants (Test Method D2510), bonded solid film lubricant (SAE
AS5272), and thin lubricating film (AMS 2562B).
3.1.6.1 Discussion—Dry solid film lubricants are dry coat-
ings consisting of lubricating powders in a solid matrix bonded
to one or both surfaces to be lubricated. D2510
3.1.7 Ra (C.L.A.), n—in measuring surface finish, the arith-
metic average of the absolute distances of all profile points
from the mean line for a given distance.
3.1.8 Rz (DIN), n—in measuring surface finish, the average
of all Ry values (peak to valley heights) in the assessment
length.
3.1.9 Rpk, n—reduced peak height according to DIN EN
ISO13565-2:1998.Rpkisthemeanheightofthepeaksticking
out above the core profile section.
3.1.10 Rvk, n—reduced valley height according to DIN EN
FIG. 1 SRV Test Machine, Model III
ISO 13565-2:1998. Rvk is the mean depth of the valley
reaching into the material below the core profile section.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
eter combinations Users of this test method should determine
3.2.1 extreme pressure, adj—in lubrication, characterized
whether results correlate with field performance or other
by metal surfaces in contact under high-stress rubbing condi-
applications.
tions.
3.2.2 seizure, n—localized fusion of metal between the
6. Apparatus
rubbing surfaces of the test pieces.
6.1 SRV Test Machine, illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2.
3.2.2.1 Discussion—Seizure is indicated by a sharp rise in
the coefficient of friction, over steady state, of greater than 0.2
7. Reagents and Materials
for over 20 s. In severe cases, a stoppage in the motor will
7.1 Test Balls, 52100 steel, 60 6 2 HRC, 0.025 6
occur.
0.005-µm Ra surface finish, Ø = 10-mm diameter.
3.2.3 SRV, n—Schwingung, Reibung, Verschleiss (Ger-
NOTE 2—The test can also be performed using rollers of antifriction
man); oscillating, friction, wear (English translation).
bearings (Ø = 15 mm; length = 22 mm, parabolic border regions). Using
4. Summary of Test Method 2000 N as normal force possible in SRV III models conducts only to a
maximum Hertzian contact pressure of 808 MPa, which is far away from
4.1 This test method is performed on an SRV test machine
the capability of most SBFs.
using a steel test ball oscillating against a steel test disk with
7.2 Lower Test Disk vacuum arc remelted (VAR) AISI
lubricant between them. Test load is increased in 100-N
52100 steel with a inclusion rating using method D,TypeA, as
increments until seizure occurs.The load, immediately prior to
severity level number of 0.5 according to Test Methods E45,
the load at which seizure occurs, is measured and reported.
SpecificationA295/A295M or a inclusion sum value K1# 10
NOTE 1—Test frequency, stroke length, temperature, and ball and disk
according to DIN EN ISO 683-17 and spherodized annealed to
material can be varied to simulate field conditions. The test ball yields
obtain globular carbide, Rockwell hardness number of 60 6 2
point-contact geometry. To obtain line or area contact, test pieces of
on Rockwell C scale (HRC), the surfaces of the disk being
differing configurations can be substituted for the test balls.
lapped and free of lapping raw materials. The topography of
5. Significance and Use the disk will be determined by four values: 0.5 µm < Rz <
0.650 µm; 0.035 µm < C.L.A. (Ra) < 0.050 µm, 0.020 µm <
5.1 This laboratory test method can be used to quickly
Rpk < 0.035 µm and 0.050 µm < Rvk < 0.075 µm, Ø = 24-mm
determine extreme pressure properties of parts coated with
diameter by 7.85 mm thick.
solid bonded films at selected temperatures specified for use in
unlubricatedapplicationswherehigh-speedvibrationalorstart-
NOTE 3—The DIN 17230-1980 was replaced by DIN EN ISO 683-17.
stop motions are present with high Hertzian point contact.This
7.3 n-Heptane, reagent grade. (Warning—Flammable.
test method has found wide application in qualifying solid
Health hazard.)
bonded films used in automotive door lock mechanisms, hinge
7.4 Isopropanol, reagent grade. (Warning—Flammable.
joints, bolts, and in aerospace. This test method is a material
Health hazard.)
and application oriented approach for characterizing the tribo-
logical behaviour using random, discrete and constant param-
The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time
Amstutz, Hu, “Surface Texture: The Parameters,” Bulletin MI-TP-003-0785, is Optimol Instruments GmbH,Westendstr. 125, D-80339 Munich, Germany. If you
Sheffield Measurement Division, Warner and Swasey, 1985, p. 21. are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information with round robin
Amstutz, Hu, “Surface Texture: The Parameters,” Bulletin MI-TP-003-0785, data toASTM Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a
Sheffield Measurement Division, Warner and Swasey, 1985, pp. 31, 29. meeting of the responsible technical committee, which you may attend.
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D7217–05 (2010)
surface with a laboratory tissue.
9.2 Place the cleaned test ball on the top and in the middle
of the coated disk specimen.
9.3 Ensure the machine is unloaded (indicated by a load
reading of –13 or –14 N) and carefully place coated disk
specimen and test ball on the test area platform.
9.4 Tighten both the ball and disk clamps until resistance to
tightening just begins. Then load unit to 20 N and tighten the
ball and disk clamps to a torque of 2.5 N·m. Maintain the load
of 20 N for break-in.
9.5 Turn on the heater control, and set to the desired
temperature, for example, 50°C.
9.6 Set the load charge amplifier to setting that corresponds
to the 400-N load.
9.7 Change the load charge amplifier at each load in
accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions when the
coefficient of friction at each test load is to be studied.
9.8 When the temperature has stabilized, turn on the chart
1. Oscillation drive rod 6. Electrical resistance heater
recorder or PC and depress the drive start toggle switch until
2. Test ball holder 7. Resistance thermometer
3. Load rod 8. Test disk holder the timer begins to count and then adjust the stroke amplitude
4. Test ball 9. Piezoelectric measuring device
knob to 2.00 mm.
5. Test disk 10. Receiving block
9.9 When the digital timer reaches 30 s, increase the load to
FIG. 2 Test Chamber Elements
20 N using the slow ramp speed rate and maintain this load for
2 min. The 2-min interval includes the loading ramp sequence.
Increase the load by 10 N every 1, 3, or 6 min using the slow
7.5 Toluene, reagent grade. (Warning—Flammable. Health
ramp until the load limit o
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